(a.) Of or pertaining to the knowledge or art of pharmacy, or to the art of preparing medicines according to the rules or formulas of pharmacy; as, pharmaceutical preparations.
Example Sentences:
(1) Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont, who is also seeking the Democratic presidential nomination, recently proposed a bill that would ease the financial burden of prescription drugs on elderly Americans by allowing Medicare, the national social health insurance program, to negotiate with the pharmaceutical companies to keep prices down.
(2) Pharmaceutical services were provided from a large tent near the hospital, which consisted of an emergency treatment facility, two operating rooms, and a small medical-surgical ward.
(3) An investigation was done on the action in vitro of two pharmaceutical preparations containing Bi, De Nol and Pepto Bismol, on the fermentative capacity of intestinal bacteria.
(4) The conference was held from December 3 to 5, 1990 in the Washington, DC area and was sponsored by the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, US Food and Drug Administration, Federation International Pharmaceutique, Health Protection Branch (Canada) and Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
(5) Silufol plates can be used for the control of the production of vitamins, their analysis in varying biological objects, as well as in biochemistry, medicine and pharmaceutics.
(6) Variations in bioavailability and intestinal absorption are important factors in the determination of dosage and should be reduced to a minimum by improved pharmaceutical formulations.
(7) This new derivative could represent a desirable complementation to rhbFGF for the development of more stable pharmaceutical formulations in wound healing applications.
(8) A report of the meeting will be published tomorrow in the Pharmaceutical Journal.
(9) There was no statistically significant difference between the figures obtained by the 2 methods, except for pharmaceutical expenditures (P = 0.005) which were grossly underevaluated by the program.
(10) Pharmaceutical services in a medical screening clinic are described.
(11) Slow release lithium was found a reliable pharmaceutical tool in both providing therapeutic results and avoiding severe side-effects.
(12) The efficacy and tolerability of a new pharmaceutical formulation of a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug, nimesulide were studied in a double blind study in comparison with flurbiprofen and diclofenac sodium, in 150 patients suffering from postsurgical pain-inflammatory symptoms.
(13) A health committee meeting in Sacramento, the state capital, on Wednesday turned into a tense showdown between lawmakers seeking to argue that the science is unequivocally on the side of universal vaccination, and activists accusing them of being in the pocket of unscrupulous big pharmaceutical companies.
(14) Clarithromycin (TE-031, A-56268) is a new 14-membered ring macrolide antibiotic developed by Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. TE-031 has a methoxy group at position 6 in its structure.
(15) This is especially relevant in light of the use of laboratory mammals to predict the metabolism of novel pharmaceutical agents in humans.
(16) The Double Irish loophole allows US companies, mostly in the technology and pharmaceutical sectors, to reduce their effective tax bill far below Ireland’s already generous 12.5% corporate tax rate by shifting most of their taxable income from an operating company in Ireland to another Irish-registered firm located in an offshore tax haven, such as Bermuda.
(17) Propylene glycol (PG) is widely used as a drug solvent in the pharmaceutical industry.
(18) The experimental drug, known as GSK2606414, is made by pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline.
(19) The Office for National Statistics reported a drop in output across the manufacturing sector, from pharmaceutical firm to makers of computers, electronic & optical products; and food products, beverages & tobacco goods.
(20) The second approach for a UK-listed drug company by a US rival underlined the deal-making zeal that has seized the pharmaceutical sector.
Phenanthrene
Definition:
(n.) A complex hydrocarbon, C14H10, found in coal tar, and obtained as a white crystalline substance with a bluish fluorescence.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the case of adducts with the diol-epoxides of benzo[c]phenanthrene, the energetically most favored structures are isomers with significant biological activity.
(2) Enzymatic hydrolysis of glucuronides and sulfates resulted in the formation of free 1,2-, 3,4- and 9,10-dihydrodiols of phenanthrene and 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-hydroxyphenanthrene in both species.
(3) 4H-Cyclopenta[def]chrysen-4-one and 1-methyl-4H-cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene displayed weak tumorigenic activity at a total initiating dose of 1.0 mg.
(4) All of the compounds which were active in the receptor-binding and monooxygenase enzyme-induction assays possessed one common structural feature, namely the presence of a phenanthrene structure fused with at least 1 benzo ring.
(5) The PCAH's identified in SRF-carbon black were: anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(mno)fluoranthene, chrysene, 1,2-benzanthracene, 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene, 1,2-benzopyrene, 3,4-benzopyrene, perylene, o-phenylene pyrene 1,2-benzoperylene, anthanthrene, and coronene.
(6) In normal fibres in normal Ringer 3-chloro-2,5,6-trimethylbenzoic acid; 5,6-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-7-carboxybenz[c]acridine; phenanthrene-9-carboxylic acid; and anthracene-9-carboxylic acid at 10(-5)-10(-4)M decreased membrane conductance without consistently changing diameter or capacitance.
(7) The unsubstituted phenanthrene-9,10-imine was approximately 70-fold more mutagenic than the corresponding phenanthrene-9,10-oxide.
(8) The thioether metabolites of styrene oxide and phenanthrene are described, but the procedures have been applied in studies of several drugs and environmental chemicals in our laboratory.
(9) Data analysis indicated no statistically significant PCB or phenanthrene effect on either total glucose uptake velocities or the proportion of 14CO2 evolved, as compared to natural unstressed samples.
(10) Although the ozonation products of pyrene were not toxic under the conditions of this study, phenanthrene products were more hepatotoxic than was phenanthrene itself.
(11) 16,17-Dihydro-11-hydroxy-15H-cyclopenta[alpha]phenanthrene was also tested for carcinogenicity in the TO strain by repeated application.
(12) Sections for morphological examination showed evidence of increased digestive cell deletion in phenanthrene-treated mussels.
(13) The phenanthrene-induced aldehyde dehydrogenase is very similar to the normal uninduced aldehyde dehydrogenase, whereas the benzo[a]pyrene-induced aldehyde dehydrogenase has common properties with the TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin)-induced enzyme and the hepatoma-specific enzyme.
(14) Two clinical trials of the phenanthrene methanol compound halofantrine in the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum were conducted in Malawi, in areas where the parasite was known to be chloroquine resistant.
(15) The gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis of benzene extract of fly ash showed the presence of 28 polyaromatic hydrocarbons, of which only phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, and benzo[a]pyrene could be identified.
(16) The white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium metabolized phenanthrene when it was grown for 7 days at 37 degrees C in a medium containing malt extract, D-glucose, D-maltose, yeast extract, and Tween 80.
(17) These results suggest that the mixed-function oxidase systems specifically induced by BNF have a protective effect against the hepatotoxicity of the oxonized or nitrated products of phenanthrene and pyrene.
(18) The enzyme, which is normally stereospecific in the addition of GSH to the oxirane carbon of R absolute configuration in arene oxide substrates, loses its stereospecificity toward phenanthrene 9,10-oxide with the retro peptide analogues, giving a 2:1 mixture of the S,S and R,R stereoisomeric 9,10-dihydro-9-(S-peptidyl)-10-hydroxyphenanthrenes.
(19) Besides N-oxidation, the metabolism of BfQ by all the above microsomes was almost exclusively at the benzo-ring (49-69%) while that of phenanthrene was predominantly at the K-region (50-71%).
(20) Nitrophenanthrene lactones (nitro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-ones) were found to account for the observed activity of this polar fraction of the phenanthrene reaction products.