What's the difference between phase and thermotropic?
Phase
Definition:
(n.) That which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything manifests, especially any one among different and varying appearances of the same object.
(n.) Any appearance or aspect of an object of mental apprehension or view; as, the problem has many phases.
(n.) A particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes with respect to quantity of illumination or form of enlightened disk; as, the phases of the moon or planets. See Illust. under Moon.
(n.) Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.
Example Sentences:
(1) At the early phase of the sensitization a T-cell response was seen in vitro, characterized by an increased spleen but no peripheral blood lymphocyte reactivity to T-cell mitogens at the same time as increased reactivity to the sensitizing antigen was detected.
(2) It was found that linear extrapolations of log k' versus ET(30) plots to the polarity of unmodified aqueous mobile phase gave a more reliable value of log k'w than linear regressions of log k' versus volume percent.
(3) dl-Methionine stimulated the synthesis of cephalosporins when added after the growth phase.
(4) One of these antibodies, MCaE11, was used for immunohistochemical detection of MAC in tissue and for quantification of the fluid-phase TCC in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plasma.
(5) The first phase evaluated cytologic and colposcopic diagnoses in 962 consecutive patients in a community practice.
(6) An initial complex-soma inflection was observed on the rising phase of the action potential of some cells.
(7) The country has no offshore wind farms, though a number of projects are in the research phase to determine their profitability.
(8) Under these conditions the meiotic prophase takes place and proceeds to the dictyate phase, obeying a somewhat delayed chronology in comparison with controls in vivo.
(9) Epidermal growth factor reduced plating efficiency by about 50% for A431 cells in different cell cycle phases whereas a slight increase in plating efficiency was seen for SiHa cells.
(10) A triphasic pattern was evident for the neck moments including a small phase which represented a seating of the headform on the nodding blocks of the uppermost ATD neck segment, and two larger phases of opposite polarity which represented the motion of the head relative to the trunk during the first 350 ms after impact.
(11) In this phase the educational practices are vastly determined by individual activities which form the basis for later regulations by the state.
(12) Optimum rates of acetylene reduction in short-term assays occurred at 20% O2 (0.2 atm (1 atm = 101.325 kPa] in the gas phase.
(13) During the chronic phase, pain was assessed using visual analogue scales at 8 AM and 4 PM daily.
(14) High levels of spirochetes also were detected in diseased sites with phase-contrast microscopy.
(15) In addition to the phase diagrams reported here for these two binary mixtures, a brief theoretical discussion is given of other possible phase diagrams that may be appropriate to other lipid mixtures with particular consideration given to the problem of crystalline phases of different structures and the possible occurrence of second-order phase transitions in these mixtures.
(16) It is suggested that the rapid phase is due to clearance of peptides in the circulation which results in a fall to lower blood concentrations which are sustained by slow release of peptide from binding sites which act as a depot.
(17) This article reviews the care of the chest-injured patient during the intensive care unit phase of his or her recovery.
(18) We concluded that ketamine potentiates the Phase I and the Phase II neuromuscular blocks of succinylcholine.
(19) In later phases, mast cells appeared in the newly formed marrow in the external callus.
(20) Each patient contributed only once to each phase (105 in phase 1, 107 in phase 2), but some entered both phases on separate occasions.
Thermotropic
Definition:
(a.) Manifesting thermotropism.
Example Sentences:
(1) The surface film transition is especially noted in the pressure-area curve of the surfactant and approximates in two dimensions the broad thermotropic phase transition of the bulk phase surfactant.
(2) The organizational features of bilayers that cause a change in the fluorescence properties of bound NK-529 show that the lateral distribution of anionic amphiphiles is appreciably influenced not only by the mole fraction of the amphiphile but also in the presence of other additives, and by the gel-fluid thermotropic transition.
(3) Viscosity and spectroscopic characteristics of blood plasma were studied in the temperature range from 0 to 40 degrees C. A correlation between thermotropic anomalies of plasma viscosity at 16-26 degrees C and 32-36 degrees C and a change in certain spectroscopic parameters were reported, which can be related to the re-structuring of intermolecular interactions in the system of plasma proteins.
(4) The data suggest that the low-temperature effects reflect a change in the physical state of membrane lipids, while the high-temperature alterations represent thermotropic protein transitions.
(5) Freeze-fracture of monolayer cultures reveals a thermotropic rearrangement of intramembranous particles following PEG treatment.
(6) Similarly, anomalous kinetic effects of the thermotropic gel-fluid phase transition or of a change in the general disorder of the bilayer organization (fluidity) has a minor effect on the kinetics of hydrolysis in the scooting mode.
(7) However, when combined with slow freezing of the aqueous substrate, the fluid bilayer phase is destabilized as a result of dehydration, and thus more prone to undergoing deleterious thermotropic phase transformations.
(8) The thermotropic properties of multilamellar liposomes from egg yolk lecithin, hydrogenized egg yolk lecithin and several mixtures of these two lipids were studied with the application of excimer--forming optical probe pyrene and microcalorimetry.
(9) Use of DPPC-d62 permitted the FT-IR determination of the effect of protein on the thermotropic behavior of individual phospholipids in the binary mixture.
(10) Membranes containing 50% proteolipid protein still exhibited a thermotropic transition with a deltaH one half that of the pure lipid, and only a small diminution of the size of the cooperative unit.
(11) X-ray diffraction data support this conclusion, since, at least in the low-hydration system, the average surface area per lipid polar group decreases with the thermotropic lamellar-hexagonal transition.
(12) The D-glucose permeabilities and thermotropic properties of the proteoliposomes are discussed in terms of the dislocation of the bilayer by the possible off-axis motion of the lipid which anchors the protein to the liposomal surface.
(13) The thermotropic phase behavior of the odd-numbered phosphatidylcholines is characterized by a single heating endotherm that was shown to be a superposition of at least two structural events by calorimetric cooling experiments.
(14) (1) The thermotropic behaviour of dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylcholine was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and freeze-fracture electron microscopy as a function of pH and of Ca2+ concentration.
(15) It has been proposed that the Arrhenius breaks observed in nonhibernating animals are the result of a gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition of the mitochondrial membrane lipids, which also occurs at 20-25 degrees C, and that the absence of such breaks in hibernating animals is due to a major depression of this lipid phase transition to temperatures below 4 degrees C. In order to test this hypothesis, we have examined the thermotropic phase behavior of liver inner mitochondrial membranes from hibernating and nonhibernating Richardson's ground squirrels, Spermophilus richardsonii, by differential scanning calorimetry and by 19F nuclear magnetic resonance and fluorescence polarization spectroscopy.
(16) The data suggest the existence of at least two thermodynamically identifiable states: resting and excited, with a thermotropic transition between the two.
(17) In addition, the thermotropic transition temperature of these membranes was not altered with age.
(18) The temperature dependence of the initial rate of PAH-transport in vesicles and that of the rate of substrate splitting by alkaline phosphatase show the break point on the Arrhenius plot at 36 degrees C-38 degrees C. The analysis of electron magnetic resonance reveals the thermotropic transition at temperatures near 30 degrees-35 degrees C. Therefore the affinity of the carrier to its substrates in vesicles of the Campbell strain rats is strongly reduced and the lipid layer is more viscous than in the normal rats.
(19) At neutral pH and in the absence of Ca2+, the thermotropic behavior of these systems is independent of the ganglioside chain length composition.
(20) Comparison of the results obtained for the dispersion of total ROS phospholipids to those of the purified head group fractions suggests that the thermotropic behavior reflects a gel-to-liquid crystalline transition, leading to lateral phase separation, involving those phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecules containing saturated fatty acyl chains, possibly together with the highest melting ROS phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) components.