What's the difference between phonation and pronation?
Phonation
Definition:
(n.) The act or process by which articulate sounds are uttered; the utterance of articulate sounds; articulate speech.
Example Sentences:
(1) In each case, psychoacoustic evaluation using the "GRBAS" scale and phonatory function tests (fundamental frequency, air flow rate, sound pressure level and maximum phonation time) using Nagashima PS-77 phonatory function analyzer were performed.
(2) 3) The maximum phonation time, fundamental frequency range, and sound pressure level range of phonation were decreased, whereas the airflow during phonation was increased.
(3) The change in fundamental frequency with subglottal pressure in phonation is quantified on the basis of the ratio between vibrational amplitude and vocal fold length.
(4) Assessment of all components of dysarthria, including resonance, articulation, phonation, respiration, and prosody, is stressed along with motivational and medical considerations.
(5) Contact index was more variable than contact quotient on consecutive EGG waves, varying by about 10% during phonation.
(6) Phylogenetically, a succession of structural innovations steadily enhanced the flow capacity of the larynx and rendered the mechanism more versatile, most recently with the accrual of phonation (in mammals), pressurized closure (in primates and odontocetes), and vocal formants and efficiency (in man).
(7) It is concluded that "on-off phonation test" could, with reasonable sensitivity, reflect the phonatory dynamics of laryngeal muscles in dysarthric patients.
(8) Empirical models describe features of the glottal flow waveform (peak flow, peak flow derivative, open quotient, and speed quotient) in terms of lung pressure and phonation threshold pressure, a key variable that incorporates the Fo dependence of many of the features of the glottal flow.
(9) We suggest a technique in which the rules of the Gnatology are strictly followed and an organic occlusion is entirely made of metal, it is checked its function, appropriate alignment, phonation, aesthetics, gingival adaptation, contact, relations, etc., as if it were a final rehabilitation.
(10) These results suggest that quantitative electroglottography may provide powerful insights into the control and regulation of normal phonation and into the detection and characterization of pathology.
(11) Six young adult male subjects produced sustained phonation throughout their vocal frequency ranges: first, in a glissando or continuous frequency change maneuver, and second, in discrete intervals at separate trials.
(12) In soft phonation, the male patients had significantly higher values than the normal healthy subjects, while the females showed no significant difference.
(13) These patients also had phonational ranges that were substantially different from normal.
(14) In 34 patients the denture bearing area improved, and in 31 patients, better mobility of the tongue occurred with, therefore, better phonation.
(15) It was the intention of this paper to describe some of the features of laryngeal behavior as they relate to both phonation and laryngeal disorders in the belief that such knowledge lends itself to the more efficient management of certain vocal and laryngeal problems.
(16) Tremor was also detected in some of the extrinsic muscle recordings and the percentage of muscles with tremor was higher during phonation than during whisper or respiration.
(17) Images during "E" phonation should therefore be obtained in addition to those during quiet respiration as part of the standard examination of the hypopharynx and larynx.
(18) Vocal cord atrophies were not observed and phonations were good in all cases six months after of operation.
(19) The results indicate a firm and relatively long closure of the glottis during overtone phonation.
(20) The mammalian upper respiratory tract is a functionally dynamic region involved in respiration, deglutition, and phonation.
Pronation
Definition:
(n.) The act of turning the palm or palmar surface of the forefoot downward.
(n.) That motion of the forearm whereby the palm or palmar, surface is turned downward.
(n.) The position of the limb resulting from the act of pronation. Opposed to supination.
Example Sentences:
(1) Gross deformity, point tenderness and decrease in supination and pronation movements of the forearm were the best predictors of bony injury.
(2) Weakness of the flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus and pronator quadratus is usually related to an isolated paralysis of the anterior interosseous nerve in the volar aspect of the forearm.
(3) Mz' was greatest in magnitude during the first half of support, when it acted in a direction resisting foot abduction, a component of pronation.
(4) Pronation and supination had an average loss of 5 degrees when compared with the uninjured side.
(5) Informed understanding of the likely progressive development of index-middle finger scissoring, pronation of the index ray with spontaneous broadening of the pulp, and the deteriorating use of an existing hypoplastic thumb may make the decision for ablation easier for parents.
(6) The least amount of pronation takes place when running barefoot.
(7) Examination of 29 cases of fracture of the distal radius with restricted motion or persistent pain in 22 patients showed that most had been caused by incongruity of the distal radioulnar joint or by rotational malalignment in supination or pronation.
(8) The brachioradialis and the pronator teres had dramatically different architectural properties.
(9) Rats were castrated on day 2 after birth, given one injection of testosterone pronate (TP: 2.5 mg) or oil just after operation and then received TP or oil when adult.
(10) The cause of neuropathy was trauma in 5 patients, overuse of the pronator teres in 3 patients, postinfectious in 2 patients, secondary to a congenital lesion in 1 patient, and undetermined in 6 patients.
(11) As the paw approaches the food, pronation of the palm is accomplished by abduction of the upper arm.
(12) Study of thirty-six cases of fracture of the fibula at levels proximal to the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis established that there are three types, distinguished by the direction of the fracture line, which are produced by different mechanisms: supination-external rotation, pronation-abduction, and pronation-external rotation.
(13) This allows the surgeon to place his or her hand in the position of function while suturing either retrograde or antegrade, thus permitting flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, pronation and supination with circumduction to occur without restriction.
(14) To examine whether the activity patterns of the upper arm muscles were related to the prime mover or the direction of the movement in space, the forearm was in two postures, supinate and pronate.
(15) We report two cases of pronator teres syndrome (bilateral in one case) diagnosed in our Department by electromyographic studies during the last three years.
(16) When performing movements at the wrist, with the forearm in pronation, the muscle is at its maximum length.
(17) The arc of pronation and supination was decreased for the forearms that had been operated on, but motion of the wrist was unaffected.
(18) Pronation, supination, and flexion of the elbow improved considerably, but extension did not change a great deal.
(19) The soleus muscle and its investing fascia are anatomically and biomechanically implicated in the production of these stress changes, particularly when the heel is in the pronated position.
(20) In the 5th minute of pronation systemic blood pressure was increased.