(n.) A letter, character, or mark used to represent a particular sound.
(n.) A record of sounds made by a phonograph.
Example Sentences:
(1) The present investigation was designed to overcome the omissions of previous studies, and examined the ability to read 46 single phonograms and 46 single ideograms aloud in four groups of sufficiently large numbers of patients; namely, seven pure alexics, 23 Broca aphasics, 13 Wernicke aphasics, and seven patients with alexia and agraphia.
(2) Past case reports as well as some widely accepted handbooks and textbooks have concluded that a specific aphasia type or lesion site is associated with a particular impairment pattern of phonograms and ideograms in reading.
(3) Respiratory movements were measured with a chest pneumograph and evaluated in comparison with a phonogram and the identified spoken text.
(4) Information from phonogram words in the right hemisphere is probably less transferred to the left hemisphere than that from ideogram words.
(5) The patient was 76% correct in Japanese phonogram words and 92% correct in ideogram words in an interfield same-different judgment, that is, judging whether 2 one-letter words, one in the left hemifield and the other in the right, were the same or different.
(6) In addition to the clinical examination which remains indispensable, the aerophonometer, applicable to adults and children as from the age of 3, enables simultaneous measurement of the flow of buccal air, the flow of nasal air, and the buccal phonogram.
(7) In both cases, phonograms recorded over the generator area with a magnet in place revealed audible tones synchronous with each sensed event which allowed noninvasive documentation of a sensing problem.
(8) Correlating such curves with corresponding phonogram and physio-pathological data, we have been able to define an iconographic semiology, which may be useful in the functional pathology of the soft palate and indications of uvulo-pharyngoplasty for snoring.
(9) The size of saccadic eye movements and eye fixations during Japanese text reading (written in both hirakana phonograms and kanji ideograms) were analyzed.
(10) In contrast, Kana (phonogram or syllabogram) words are comparable with orthographically regular words or nonsense words, because the Kana writing system depends on strict phonological rules (almost one-to-one correspondence between syllable and syllabogram).
(11) A majority of the cases in each group showed that phonograms and ideograms were unselectively impaired.
(12) In his reading aloud and reading comprehension disturbances, ideogram words were less impaired than phonogram words, even when the number of letters in the words was the same.
(13) Owing to the Japanese language's unique writing system, which consists of phonograms and ideograms, reading impairments of Japanese brain-damaged patients have attracted the interest of many researchers.
(14) While sensory and motor dysfunctions can usually be neuroanatomically localized in individuals, impairments of certain high cortical functions, such as the reading of phonograms and ideograms, may not be correlated with damage to definite neuroanatomical structures.
(15) We present a Japanese man with selective Kana (phonogram) agraphia as a sequela of two cerebral infarctions in a part of the left angular gyrus and its adjoining posterior superior temporal gyrus and the left corona radiata.
(16) Phonogram reading was more severely disturbed in four cases among the Broca aphasics and in one case among the patients with alexia with agraphia.
(17) Reading difficulty was severe in words composed of phonograms (Kana), while reading of words composed of Ideograms (Kanji) was better preserved.
(18) Past reports linking a particular impairment pattern of phonogram and ideogram reading and a specific lesion site were studies of single cases, and their conclusions seem oversimplified.
(19) McKelvie and I never thought we'd get to do a third volume; we actually staged a wake for Phonogram in 2010.
(20) The study of writing performance suggested the following hypotheses: (1) motor engrams for limb praxis and writing may be dissociated, and (2) motor engrams for writing Kana (phonogram) and Kanji (ideogram) letters are represented on both hemispheres, although the hemisphere nondominant for language seems unable to combine graphemes into a correct meaningful sequence.
Phonograph
Definition:
(n.) A character or symbol used to represent a sound, esp. one used in phonography.
(n.) An instrument for the mechanical registration and reproduction of audible sounds, as articulate speech, etc. It consists of a rotating cylinder or disk covered with some material easily indented, as tinfoil, wax, paraffin, etc., above which is a thin plate carrying a stylus. As the plate vibrates under the influence of a sound, the stylus makes minute indentations or undulations in the soft material, and these, when the cylinder or disk is again turned, set the plate in vibration, and reproduce the sound.
Example Sentences:
(1) We have recently developed a phonographic transducer which is compliance-matched to the maternal abdomen.
(2) 19 normal children were grouped into four age populations according to electroglotto- and phonographic analysis.
(3) The result of our study showed that alexia in Chinese ideographic language differs from alexia in western phonographic languages.
(4) Some practitioners were accused of Satanism by Christian pressure groups and conspiracy theorists, partly thanks to the popularity of occultist Aleister Crowley, who suggested in a 1913 book that would-be magicians train by listening “to phonograph records reversed”.
(5) Tony Wadsworth, former head of EMI and now chairman of the British Phonographic Industry, said: "It's not healthy to have a few large companies having all the hits."
(6) Copyright owners, largely represented by the Motion Picture Association and the British Phonographic Industry, support the act's attempt to crack down on piracy but have become discouraged at its protracted and slow progress.
(7) The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry has yet to release a formal statement on its reported plans.
(8) Geoff Taylor, chief executive of the British Phonographic Industry, which represents the music groups in the UK, said: "The high court today ruled that The Pirate Bay is illegal.
(9) Charges against the site, which allows web users to access music, movies and TV shows without paying for them and claimed 22 million users during February, were brought by a consortium of media, film and music companies led by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry.
(10) He said the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) was attacked on 19-20 September 2010, though the DDoS did not shut the site down.
(11) The Pirate Bay is not just a service that aggregates illegal torrents and points to filesharing sites and individuals, it is a politicised movement that delights in provoking the likes of the Motion Picture Association of America and the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry.
(12) The British Phonographic Industry (BPI), the UK music industry trade body, said BT and TalkTalk's legal challenge against the act is "misconceived and will fail".
(13) Innovation in a digital economy is much more Pirate Bay than it is Phonographic Industry.
(14) The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) says only 2m SACDs were sold last year, compared to 1.7bn CDs.
(15) But Geoff Taylor, the chief executive of the British Phonographic Industry, the music trade body that lobbied on behalf of the act's anti-piracy measures, said: "The BPI continues to believe that measures to prevent access to illegal websites are essential if Britain's creative and technology sectors are to fulfil their growth potential.
(16) Pirate Bay logo John Kennedy, chairman and chief executive of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, said: "We're very pleased at the verdict of what was a very important case for us.
(17) From the phonographic analysis of the cardiac sounds with simultaneous recording of apexcardiogram or echocardiogram, the production mechanism of the diastolic click was discussed.
(18) Japan is the second biggest music market in the world after the US, with a 22% global share, according to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry.
(19) Our special recording system permitted exact phonographic registration of the verbal stimulus and reaction as well as of the PGR.
(20) The articulation-phonographic (oscillographic) method of registration based on the transformation of acoustic fluctuations into an electrical signal was used for the determination of a character and degree of speech disturbances following brain strokes.