(n.) A colorless gas, PH3, analogous to ammonia, and having a disagreeable odor resembling that of garlic. Called also hydrogen phosphide, and formerly, phosphureted hydrogen.
Example Sentences:
(1) A number of the complexes showed potent cytotoxic activity in vitro and antitumor activity in vivo, with the phosphine-coordinated gold(I) thiosugar complexes demonstrating the greatest in vitro and in vivo activity.
(2) The phosphinic acid isosteres of di-, tetra- and hexapeptides containing a hydrophobic amino acid side chains at the P1-P'1 positions are powerful inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus protease.
(3) Quantitative analysis of type II pneumocytes showed that newborn rabbits had a distinct cell subpopulation in a region of low-angle light scatter and phosphine-3R fluorescence intensity similar to that previously reported on type II cells from adult rabbits.
(4) Substitution of the phosphinate linkage (PO2-CH2) for the peptide bond also gives potent inhibitors such as napthoyl-GlyP-C-Leu-Trp-NHBzl, the phosphinate analog of naphtholyl-Gly-Leu-Trp-NHBzl, which has a Ki of 10 nM.
(5) The incorporation of phosphine and phosphite ligands is described.
(6) The coordinated gold compound, 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1-thio-beta-D-glucopyranosato-S-triethyl phosphine gold (auranofin; Ridaura), was evaluated for antitumor activity in a variety of mouse tumor models.
(7) Dynamic studies showed that the combined action of phosphine and hydrofluoric acid damages the Krebs cycle reactions, dehydrogenization of isocitrate and synthesis of citrate in homogenized rat liver.
(8) Replacement of the scissile bond with the phosphinic analogue of Leu10-Val11 (1b) gave the most potent inhibitors, having IC50 = 7.5 x 10(-8) M for H-Pro-His-Pro-Phe-His-(1b)-Ile-His-Lys-OH and IC50 = 1.0 x 10(-7) M for Z-Arg-Arg-Pro-Phe-His-(1b)-Ile-His-NH2.
(9) Concentrations of [carboxyl-14C]procaine in blood of mice were increased threefold for 27 min by exposure to O-4-nitrophenyl diphenylphosphinate 2 hr prior to [carboxyl-14C]procaine injection ip, while there was no effect of O-4-nitrophenyl methyl(phenyl)phosphinate pretreatment.
(10) The yellow chromophore due to phosphine from raw polished rice had 2 absorption maxima, a strong one at 370-380 nm and a weaker one at 400-410 nm.
(11) These cells are distinguishable by the staining of their lamellar bodies with the fluorescent lipophilic dye, phosphine-3R and by their intensity of low-angle light scatter.
(12) The pro-S oxygen atom of the two phosphonate inhibitors and of the phosphinate group of the StaP inhibitor make very short contact distances (approximately 2.4 A) to the carboxyl oxygen atom, O delta 1, of Asp33 on penicillopepsin.
(13) This compound, which contains both carboxylic and phosphinic acid functional groups, is an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor currently under clinical investigation at the Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute.
(14) The two acidic groups of II are selectively esterified, first by methylation of the carboxylic acid with methanolic hydrochloric acid and then by formation of the hexafluoroisopropyl ester of the phosphinic acid.
(15) The ability of 3-aminopropyl(diethyoxymethyl)phosphinic acid (CGP 35348), 3-aminopropyl (hexyl)phosphinic acid (3-APHPA) and phaclofen to antagonize these responses was assessed.
(16) The hydroxamate Ro 31-4724 inhibits proteoglycan and collagen loss, whereas the phosphinic acid Ro 31-7467 selectively inhibits collagen breakdown in this model.
(17) No interferences from red phosphorus, phosphine, water vapor, or other common gases are significant.
(18) The reactivation and efficacy data, especially for CMPP, support the concept that oxime sensitive phosphinates may be useful as pretreatments against nerve agent intoxication.
(19) A new, single bolus method of in vivo blood pool imaging using a technetium Tc99m phosphine isocyanide complex (DEPIC) which binds to pre-albumin was evaluated in volunteers (n = 4) and patients (n = 20).
(20) As this was an indirect proof of malathion ingestion, it was assumed that phosphine had been ingested as well and that consequently this was the cause of death, because it is much more toxic than malathion and because it was continuously generated from not completely dissolved aluminiumphosphide tablets, while the children were still playing.
Phosphorus
Definition:
(n.) The morning star; Phosphor.
(n.) A poisonous nonmetallic element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish, translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable smell. It is very active chemically, must be preserved under water, and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint glow, -- whence its name. It always occurs compined, usually in phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc. It is used in the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for many other purposes. The molecule contains four atoms. Symbol P. Atomic weight 31.0.
(n.) Hence, any substance which shines in the dark like phosphorus, as certain phosphorescent bodies.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the liver of albino rats with experimental thyrotoxicosis a study was made of nucleic acids and some indices of phosphorus metabolism: total and inorganic phosphorus, total and acid-soluble phosphorus, phosphorus of RNA, DNA and phosphoproteins.
(2) Hypertonic saline infusion induced significant (P less than 0.05) increases in serum Na and Cl concentrations and osmolality, whereas ISS induced a significant increase in serum Cl concentration and a significant decrease in serum phosphorus concentration.
(3) A low-protein, low-phosphorus diet supplemented with essential amino acids and keto analogues was given to 12 rats, starting from the 90th day after subtotal nephrectomy.
(4) In comparison with native counterparts, the in vitro-formed LDL2 and HDL + VHDL were characterized by lower levels of triglyceride and cholesterol ester and higher levels of free cholesterol and lipid phosphorus.
(5) Unsupplemented human breast milk may not provide sufficient calcium and phosphorus for the rapidly growing preterm infant to match the accumulation that should have taken place in utero and to permit normal bone mineralization.
(6) In 9 other patients studied 2-7 years after transplantation the mean level of parathormone was lower than in the previous group but levels above normal were noted in half of the patients, some of which had perfect renal function and normal serum phosphorus.
(7) The treatment regimens used were chemotherapy in 9 patients, antiaggregating agents in 7, radioactive phosphorus in 1, the newer platelet-lowering agent anagrelide in 10, and only observation in 29.
(8) Phosphorus in fibrinogen did not correlate with fibrinogen degradation products or fibrinogen levels and became normal on adequate anticoagulation.
(9) The effect of age of the ewe and pregnancy on concentrations of plasma calcium, phosphorus and magnesium and its relationship to the bent-leg syndrome in lambs, were investigated.
(10) Reports in the past two years have appeared evaluating the clinical use of phosphorus spectroscopy to detect ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac transplant rejection.
(11) Blood calcium and phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, urinary excretion of calcium were determined.
(12) The raw data are obtained by capillary gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector.
(13) In order to examine the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced changes in phosphorus metabolite levels observed in RIF-1 tumors in vivo, RIF-1 cells in culture were perfused for up to 70 h following gamma-irradiation with 0-25 Gy and monitored continuously by 31P NMR spectroscopy at 8.5 T. Cells immobilized in the sample volume by incorporation into calcium alginate beads were bioenergetically stable, but did not replicate at the cell density used.
(14) With increasing H2O2 concentration in the perfusion media there was a corresponding decrease in the observed phosphorus metabolites, phosphorylcholine and ATP.
(15) All calcium, magnesium, and zinc contents per bone decreased in the 1- and 2-mg caffeine groups as compared to either controls or 0.5-mg caffeine group, whereas phosphorus stayed relatively constant regardless of the different levels of caffeine intake.
(16) 77 p. 100 of those fluids present an antibacterial activity, but no correlation has been found with their concentration in zinc and phosphorus.
(17) The basal diet which contained .30% phosphorus and .21% calcium was adjusted to contain added phosphorus levels of 0, .05, .10, or .15%, with calcium levels of .49, .47, .57 and .61%, respectively.
(18) In 50% of the animals lactate increased prior to any change in the phosphorus metabolites or intracellular pH, suggesting that 1H NMR may be more sensitive than 31P NMR at detecting hypoxic or ischaemic changes.
(19) Ferrihydrite was the predominant form of iron present in both ferritin and haemosiderin, while haemosiderin contained higher amounts of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and barium, then either normal or ferrocene-loaded ferritin.
(20) Plasma levels of both phosphorus and urate fell during this time.