(n.) The hypothetical radical PH4, analogous to ammonium, and regarded as the nucleus of certain derivatives of phosphine.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is also found to be sensitive to inhibition by tetraphenyl phosphonium, magnesium, and ruthenium red.
(2) The accumulation of lipophilic cation radiolabeled tri-phenylmethyl phosphonium (TPMP+) was utilized to determine the resting membrane potential across the plasma membrane psi.
(3) The state of the skeleton was studied in 62 patients with otosclerosis to investigate diagnostic potentialities of 99mTc-phosphonium, of them in 34 patients the diagnosis was confirmed at operation.
(4) The stimulation of AIB transport following ouabain removal was largely abolished by a proton ionophore (1799), a lipophilic cation (tetraphenyl-phosphonium), or ouabain.
(5) These compounds were prepared by modification of the Corey prostaglandin synthesis utilizing as a key step condensation of known hemiacetals with the ylide derived from the requisite substituted phosphonium salts.
(6) The fatty acid composition of the resulting phosphonium phosphatidylcholine is similar to that of phosphatidylcholine.
(7) The phosphonium ions used here promote desensitization of the receptor, as judged by the binding rate of the fluorescent agonist NBDA-C5-acylcholine or alpha-bungarotoxin.
(8) The procedure starts with readily available aldehydes or ketones and the common intermediate p-bromobenzyltriphenyl-phosphonium bromide in a Wittig reaction and proceeds in good yield through p-bromostyrene and p-cyanostyrene intermediates.
(9) An electrode sensitive to tetraphenyl phosphonium (TPP+) was applied to monitor the changes in the membrane potential of the ciliate Blepharisma japonicum during the process of cell elongation.
(10) Evidence consistent with the operation of a single efflux system for compounds such as phosphonium ions, phenanthridiniums and flavines is presented.
(11) Overshoot can be diminished but not suppressed by a proton-conducting uncoupler, carbonyl cyanide m chlorophenylhydrazone, (CCCP) and by a liposoluble cation, triphenyl-methyl phosphonium (TPMP+).
(12) The transmembrane potential, as measured from the equilibrium distribution of tritiated triphenylmethyl phosphonium and by using the fluorescent probe, Di-S-C3(5), is approximately -37 millivolts.
(13) The average membrane potential was estimated by measuring the uptake of [3H]tetraphenyl phosphonium ([3H]Ph4P+).
(14) Uptake of the lipophilic cation tetraphenyl phosphonium was largely abolished by addition of magainin A and PGLa showed synergism with respect to release of respiratory control.
(15) In the suspension of cytochrome oxidase proteoliposome the uptake of a cationic penetrant (tetraphenyl phosphonium cation) was found to be coupled with electron transfer via external cytochrome c. Electron transfer via intraproteoliposomal cytochrome c induced the uptake of anionic penetrants (tetraphenyl borate and phenyldicarbaundecaborane anions).
(16) As judged by the uptake of the voltage-sensitive probe [3H]triphenylmethyl phosphonium we observed a close correlation between conditions which inhibit virus infection and which cause depolarization of the cells.
(17) The rate of synthesis and degradation of phosphatidylcholine and of the phosphonium analogue are similar.
(18) Several radioiodinated iodopentenyl-trisubstituted phosphonium, arsonium, and ammonium iodides have been prepared and evaluated in rats to determine the effects of structural variations of the cations on myocardial uptake and retention.
(19) The activation energy for both the porphyrin and phosphonium cation induced conductance is more positive than that of the tetraphenylboride conductance.
(20) We have synthesized 20,20,20-trifluoroarachidonic acid by the cis-selective Wittig reaction of the C12-C20 fragment with phosphonium salt.
Phosphorus
Definition:
(n.) The morning star; Phosphor.
(n.) A poisonous nonmetallic element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish, translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable smell. It is very active chemically, must be preserved under water, and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint glow, -- whence its name. It always occurs compined, usually in phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc. It is used in the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for many other purposes. The molecule contains four atoms. Symbol P. Atomic weight 31.0.
(n.) Hence, any substance which shines in the dark like phosphorus, as certain phosphorescent bodies.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the liver of albino rats with experimental thyrotoxicosis a study was made of nucleic acids and some indices of phosphorus metabolism: total and inorganic phosphorus, total and acid-soluble phosphorus, phosphorus of RNA, DNA and phosphoproteins.
(2) Hypertonic saline infusion induced significant (P less than 0.05) increases in serum Na and Cl concentrations and osmolality, whereas ISS induced a significant increase in serum Cl concentration and a significant decrease in serum phosphorus concentration.
(3) A low-protein, low-phosphorus diet supplemented with essential amino acids and keto analogues was given to 12 rats, starting from the 90th day after subtotal nephrectomy.
(4) In comparison with native counterparts, the in vitro-formed LDL2 and HDL + VHDL were characterized by lower levels of triglyceride and cholesterol ester and higher levels of free cholesterol and lipid phosphorus.
(5) Unsupplemented human breast milk may not provide sufficient calcium and phosphorus for the rapidly growing preterm infant to match the accumulation that should have taken place in utero and to permit normal bone mineralization.
(6) In 9 other patients studied 2-7 years after transplantation the mean level of parathormone was lower than in the previous group but levels above normal were noted in half of the patients, some of which had perfect renal function and normal serum phosphorus.
(7) The treatment regimens used were chemotherapy in 9 patients, antiaggregating agents in 7, radioactive phosphorus in 1, the newer platelet-lowering agent anagrelide in 10, and only observation in 29.
(8) Phosphorus in fibrinogen did not correlate with fibrinogen degradation products or fibrinogen levels and became normal on adequate anticoagulation.
(9) The effect of age of the ewe and pregnancy on concentrations of plasma calcium, phosphorus and magnesium and its relationship to the bent-leg syndrome in lambs, were investigated.
(10) Reports in the past two years have appeared evaluating the clinical use of phosphorus spectroscopy to detect ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac transplant rejection.
(11) Blood calcium and phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, urinary excretion of calcium were determined.
(12) The raw data are obtained by capillary gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector.
(13) In order to examine the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced changes in phosphorus metabolite levels observed in RIF-1 tumors in vivo, RIF-1 cells in culture were perfused for up to 70 h following gamma-irradiation with 0-25 Gy and monitored continuously by 31P NMR spectroscopy at 8.5 T. Cells immobilized in the sample volume by incorporation into calcium alginate beads were bioenergetically stable, but did not replicate at the cell density used.
(14) With increasing H2O2 concentration in the perfusion media there was a corresponding decrease in the observed phosphorus metabolites, phosphorylcholine and ATP.
(15) All calcium, magnesium, and zinc contents per bone decreased in the 1- and 2-mg caffeine groups as compared to either controls or 0.5-mg caffeine group, whereas phosphorus stayed relatively constant regardless of the different levels of caffeine intake.
(16) 77 p. 100 of those fluids present an antibacterial activity, but no correlation has been found with their concentration in zinc and phosphorus.
(17) The basal diet which contained .30% phosphorus and .21% calcium was adjusted to contain added phosphorus levels of 0, .05, .10, or .15%, with calcium levels of .49, .47, .57 and .61%, respectively.
(18) In 50% of the animals lactate increased prior to any change in the phosphorus metabolites or intracellular pH, suggesting that 1H NMR may be more sensitive than 31P NMR at detecting hypoxic or ischaemic changes.
(19) Ferrihydrite was the predominant form of iron present in both ferritin and haemosiderin, while haemosiderin contained higher amounts of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and barium, then either normal or ferrocene-loaded ferritin.
(20) Plasma levels of both phosphorus and urate fell during this time.