(n.) A poisonous nonmetallic element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish, translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable smell. It is very active chemically, must be preserved under water, and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint glow, -- whence its name. It always occurs compined, usually in phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc. It is used in the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for many other purposes. The molecule contains four atoms. Symbol P. Atomic weight 31.0.
(n.) Hence, any substance which shines in the dark like phosphorus, as certain phosphorescent bodies.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the liver of albino rats with experimental thyrotoxicosis a study was made of nucleic acids and some indices of phosphorus metabolism: total and inorganic phosphorus, total and acid-soluble phosphorus, phosphorus of RNA, DNA and phosphoproteins.
(2) Hypertonic saline infusion induced significant (P less than 0.05) increases in serum Na and Cl concentrations and osmolality, whereas ISS induced a significant increase in serum Cl concentration and a significant decrease in serum phosphorus concentration.
(3) A low-protein, low-phosphorus diet supplemented with essential amino acids and keto analogues was given to 12 rats, starting from the 90th day after subtotal nephrectomy.
(4) In comparison with native counterparts, the in vitro-formed LDL2 and HDL + VHDL were characterized by lower levels of triglyceride and cholesterol ester and higher levels of free cholesterol and lipid phosphorus.
(5) Unsupplemented human breast milk may not provide sufficient calcium and phosphorus for the rapidly growing preterm infant to match the accumulation that should have taken place in utero and to permit normal bone mineralization.
(6) In 9 other patients studied 2-7 years after transplantation the mean level of parathormone was lower than in the previous group but levels above normal were noted in half of the patients, some of which had perfect renal function and normal serum phosphorus.
(7) The treatment regimens used were chemotherapy in 9 patients, antiaggregating agents in 7, radioactive phosphorus in 1, the newer platelet-lowering agent anagrelide in 10, and only observation in 29.
(8) Phosphorus in fibrinogen did not correlate with fibrinogen degradation products or fibrinogen levels and became normal on adequate anticoagulation.
(9) The effect of age of the ewe and pregnancy on concentrations of plasma calcium, phosphorus and magnesium and its relationship to the bent-leg syndrome in lambs, were investigated.
(10) Reports in the past two years have appeared evaluating the clinical use of phosphorus spectroscopy to detect ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac transplant rejection.
(11) Blood calcium and phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, urinary excretion of calcium were determined.
(12) The raw data are obtained by capillary gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector.
(13) In order to examine the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced changes in phosphorus metabolite levels observed in RIF-1 tumors in vivo, RIF-1 cells in culture were perfused for up to 70 h following gamma-irradiation with 0-25 Gy and monitored continuously by 31P NMR spectroscopy at 8.5 T. Cells immobilized in the sample volume by incorporation into calcium alginate beads were bioenergetically stable, but did not replicate at the cell density used.
(14) With increasing H2O2 concentration in the perfusion media there was a corresponding decrease in the observed phosphorus metabolites, phosphorylcholine and ATP.
(15) All calcium, magnesium, and zinc contents per bone decreased in the 1- and 2-mg caffeine groups as compared to either controls or 0.5-mg caffeine group, whereas phosphorus stayed relatively constant regardless of the different levels of caffeine intake.
(16) 77 p. 100 of those fluids present an antibacterial activity, but no correlation has been found with their concentration in zinc and phosphorus.
(17) The basal diet which contained .30% phosphorus and .21% calcium was adjusted to contain added phosphorus levels of 0, .05, .10, or .15%, with calcium levels of .49, .47, .57 and .61%, respectively.
(18) In 50% of the animals lactate increased prior to any change in the phosphorus metabolites or intracellular pH, suggesting that 1H NMR may be more sensitive than 31P NMR at detecting hypoxic or ischaemic changes.
(19) Ferrihydrite was the predominant form of iron present in both ferritin and haemosiderin, while haemosiderin contained higher amounts of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and barium, then either normal or ferrocene-loaded ferritin.
(20) Plasma levels of both phosphorus and urate fell during this time.
Phosphoryl
Definition:
(n.) The radical PO, regarded as the typical nucleus of certain compounds.
Example Sentences:
(1) Cyclic AMP stimulated phosphorylation by [gamma-32P]ATP of two proteins of apparent Mr = 20,000 and 7,000 that were concentrated in sarcoplasmic reticulum, but the stimulation was markedly dependent on the presence of added soluble cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.
(2) The p60v-src protein encoded by Prague Rous sarcoma virus was found to contain two sites of tyrosine phosphorylation.
(3) The time-course and dose-response for this modification of pp60c-src paralleled PDGF-induced increases in phosphorylation of pp36, a major cellular substrate for several tyrosine-specific protein kinases.
(4) An increase in membrane thickness was observed on phosphorylation.
(5) Further study both of the signaling events that lead to MPF activation and of the substrates for phosphorylation by MPF should lead to a comprehensive understanding of the biochemistry of cell division.
(6) The possible significance of this finding in relation to the mode of phosphorylation and glycosylation in vivo is discussed.
(7) Almost the same rate of phosphorylation was obtained with or without calcium in the incubation medium.
(8) The phosphorylation pattern was affected by the addition of cholera toxin or GDP beta S to the isolated nuclei.
(9) Amino acid analysis indicated a significant number of serine amino acids: N-terminal sequence data demonstrated a high level of homology; and trypsin digestion followed by reversed-phase HPLC indicated the possibility of multiple phosphorylation sites.
(10) The functions of O-GlcNAc remain largely unknown, but it may be important in blocking phosphorylation sites, it may be required for the assembly of specific multiprotein complexes, it might serve as a nuclear transport signal, or it may be directly involved in the active transport of macromolecules across nuclear pores.
(11) Although the brain AP50 is prominently phosphorylated by an endogenous protein kinase in isolated coated vesicle preparations, the neuronal AP50 was not detectably phosphorylated in intact cells as assessed by two-dimensional non-equilibrium pH gradient gel electrophoresis of labeled cells dissolved directly in SDS-containing buffers.
(12) Similarly, the phosphorylation potential, phosphocreatine, adenosine triphosphate, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate were constant in the range of autoregulation but decreased directionally with coronary perfusion pressure below 110 cm H2O for both SHR and WKY rats.
(13) This is the first evidence for phosphorylation-dependent binding of RAP1.
(14) In intact animals, GM1 treatment produced a reduction in cAMP and Ca2+ induced striatal protein phosphorylation.
(15) During the carcinogens metabolism compounds are assumed to be formed, those are able to affect oxidative phosphorylation without forming any stable link with the respiratory chain components.
(16) The activation of calcium uptake by increasing concentrations of trypsin was paralleled by the reduction of phosphorylation of phospholamban.
(17) In vivo labeling with 32Pi showed that plectin was the target for cAMP-independent protein kinases which phosphorylated 18-kDa domains at the end(s) of the molecule.
(18) Comparison of the native and derivatized wheat germ CaMs with native bovine testis CaM indicates that the concentrations of these proteins required for half-maximal stimulation of either erythrocyte membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity or cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum phosphorylation are very similar.
(19) The narX gene product may be involved in sensing nitrate and phosphorylating NARL.
(20) Changes in protein phosphorylation induced by phagocytic challenge were identified in cultured rat retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) following exposure to isolated rat rod outer segments (ROS) or to polystyrene latex microspheres (PSL).