(n.) A poisonous nonmetallic element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish, translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable smell. It is very active chemically, must be preserved under water, and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint glow, -- whence its name. It always occurs compined, usually in phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc. It is used in the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for many other purposes. The molecule contains four atoms. Symbol P. Atomic weight 31.0.
(n.) Hence, any substance which shines in the dark like phosphorus, as certain phosphorescent bodies.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the liver of albino rats with experimental thyrotoxicosis a study was made of nucleic acids and some indices of phosphorus metabolism: total and inorganic phosphorus, total and acid-soluble phosphorus, phosphorus of RNA, DNA and phosphoproteins.
(2) Hypertonic saline infusion induced significant (P less than 0.05) increases in serum Na and Cl concentrations and osmolality, whereas ISS induced a significant increase in serum Cl concentration and a significant decrease in serum phosphorus concentration.
(3) A low-protein, low-phosphorus diet supplemented with essential amino acids and keto analogues was given to 12 rats, starting from the 90th day after subtotal nephrectomy.
(4) In comparison with native counterparts, the in vitro-formed LDL2 and HDL + VHDL were characterized by lower levels of triglyceride and cholesterol ester and higher levels of free cholesterol and lipid phosphorus.
(5) Unsupplemented human breast milk may not provide sufficient calcium and phosphorus for the rapidly growing preterm infant to match the accumulation that should have taken place in utero and to permit normal bone mineralization.
(6) In 9 other patients studied 2-7 years after transplantation the mean level of parathormone was lower than in the previous group but levels above normal were noted in half of the patients, some of which had perfect renal function and normal serum phosphorus.
(7) The treatment regimens used were chemotherapy in 9 patients, antiaggregating agents in 7, radioactive phosphorus in 1, the newer platelet-lowering agent anagrelide in 10, and only observation in 29.
(8) Phosphorus in fibrinogen did not correlate with fibrinogen degradation products or fibrinogen levels and became normal on adequate anticoagulation.
(9) The effect of age of the ewe and pregnancy on concentrations of plasma calcium, phosphorus and magnesium and its relationship to the bent-leg syndrome in lambs, were investigated.
(10) Reports in the past two years have appeared evaluating the clinical use of phosphorus spectroscopy to detect ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac transplant rejection.
(11) Blood calcium and phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, urinary excretion of calcium were determined.
(12) The raw data are obtained by capillary gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector.
(13) In order to examine the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced changes in phosphorus metabolite levels observed in RIF-1 tumors in vivo, RIF-1 cells in culture were perfused for up to 70 h following gamma-irradiation with 0-25 Gy and monitored continuously by 31P NMR spectroscopy at 8.5 T. Cells immobilized in the sample volume by incorporation into calcium alginate beads were bioenergetically stable, but did not replicate at the cell density used.
(14) With increasing H2O2 concentration in the perfusion media there was a corresponding decrease in the observed phosphorus metabolites, phosphorylcholine and ATP.
(15) All calcium, magnesium, and zinc contents per bone decreased in the 1- and 2-mg caffeine groups as compared to either controls or 0.5-mg caffeine group, whereas phosphorus stayed relatively constant regardless of the different levels of caffeine intake.
(16) 77 p. 100 of those fluids present an antibacterial activity, but no correlation has been found with their concentration in zinc and phosphorus.
(17) The basal diet which contained .30% phosphorus and .21% calcium was adjusted to contain added phosphorus levels of 0, .05, .10, or .15%, with calcium levels of .49, .47, .57 and .61%, respectively.
(18) In 50% of the animals lactate increased prior to any change in the phosphorus metabolites or intracellular pH, suggesting that 1H NMR may be more sensitive than 31P NMR at detecting hypoxic or ischaemic changes.
(19) Ferrihydrite was the predominant form of iron present in both ferritin and haemosiderin, while haemosiderin contained higher amounts of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and barium, then either normal or ferrocene-loaded ferritin.
(20) Plasma levels of both phosphorus and urate fell during this time.
Uranium
Definition:
(n.) An element of the chromium group, found in certain rare minerals, as pitchblende, uranite, etc., and reduced as a heavy, hard, nickel-white metal which is quite permanent. Its yellow oxide is used to impart to glass a delicate greenish-yellow tint which is accompanied by a strong fluorescence, and its black oxide is used as a pigment in porcelain painting. Symbol U. Atomic weight 239.
Example Sentences:
(1) These steps signify a willingness for engagement not seen before, but they have been overshadowed by the "nuclear crisis" triggered in October 2002 when Pyongyang admitted to having the "know-how", but not the technology, for a highly enriched uranium route to nuclear weapons.
(2) It paves the way for Iran to get nuclear weapons.” Under the deal, Iran committed to reducing the number of its centrifuges by two-thirds, capping its level of uranium enrichment well below the level needed for bomb-grade material, reducing its enriched uranium stockpile from around 10,000kg to 300kg for 15 years, and submitting to international inspections to verify its compliance.
(3) A simple method for distinction between RNA- and DNA-containing structures in aldehyde- and osmiumtextroxide-fixed electron microscopic autoradiographs (or ordinary thin sections) is described: the developer and the acetic acid used for processing autoradiographs extract selectively uranium acetate from DNA containing-structures which, after staining with lead citrate, leads to a characteristically 'bleached' appearance of the DNA.
(4) When the reactor is running, high-speed particles called neutrons strike the uranium atoms and cause them to split in a process known as nuclear fission.
(5) Lung dissolution of industrial uranium tetrafluoride (UF4) was tested in rats and baboons by intratracheal instillation and inhalation, to check the W classification given to UF4 by the International Commission on Radiological Protection.
(6) We aggressively push new uranium deals to countries like India , whose nuclear industry has been called unsafe by its own auditor general , and which point blank refuses to sign the global nuclear non-proliferation treaty .
(7) A chemist working at Iran's main uranium enrichment plant was killed on Wednesday when attackers on a motorbike stuck a magnetic bomb to his car.
(8) The 20%-enriched uranium stockpile would be at the heart of the new diplomatic effort.
(9) The aim of the present study was to determine whether the nephrotoxicity of the uranium-containing compound uranyl fluoride (UO2F2) is enhanced after unilateral nephrectomy.
(10) After fixing, some specimens were embedded in resin and prepared in ultra thin sections before being triple stained with tannic acid-ethanol uranium-lead.
(11) Among the ideas on the table were cutting Iran’s uranium stockpile, slowing the speed of the centrifuges or reconfiguring them.
(12) He was responsible for securing vital uranium-enrichment technology, photographing centrifuge blueprints that a German executive had been bribed into temporarily "mislaying" in his kitchen.
(13) Obama described the site, apparently a second Iranian facility for enriching uranium, as a "disturbing revelation".
(14) In kidney and bone, only administration of Tiron at 0, 0.25, or 1 hr after uranium injection, or gallic acid at 1 hr after uranium exposure significantly reduced tissue uranium concentrations.
(15) The following correction was printed in the Guardian's Corrections and clarifications column, Saturday November 17 2007 The obituary below said that some of the uranium used in the Little Boy atom bomb was snatched from Soviet-occupied Germany in 1945 by an Anglo-American special unit.
(16) The six powers (US, UK, France, Russia, China and Germany) will make it clearer to Iran that relief from the current severe sanctions regime will be available if Iran stops producing 20%-enriched uranium – a particular proliferation concern as it could easily turned into weapons-grade uranium should Iran take the decision to make a bomb.
(17) Using the Kaplan-Meier method, actuarial survival data were estimated in cancer patients registered in the Cancer Registry of Health Institute of Uranium Industry during 1976-1983, and in those followed up for 3 years and longer after the initiation of their treatment.
(18) Seventy-three rats were exposed to an aerosol of enriched uranium dioxide (UO2), giving initial lung burdens of 26 to 447 micrograms at 6 days post-inhalation (PI).
(19) Does Obama include the right to enrich uranium, which Iran is entitled to do as a signatory of the nuclear non-proliferation treaty?
(20) A future in which Iran doesn’t have a single centrifuge for enriching uranium?