(n.) The hypothetical radical of picric acid, analogous to phenyl.
Example Sentences:
(1) The effect of 50% methanolic extract (U-ext) from Bearberry leaf on immuno-inflammation was studied by contact dermatitis caused by picryl chloride (PC-CD) in mice.
(2) Ten sensitizing chemicals (oxazolone, picryl chloride, 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, benzocaine, cinnamic aldehyde, 2,4,-dinitrothiocyanobenzene, p-nitrosodimethylaniline, formaldehyde, p-phenylenediamine and cyanuric chloride) and equal concentrations of sodium lauryl sulphate were examined in a guinea pig local lymph node assay.
(3) Pig bile exhibited marked preventive effects on the models of delayed-type hypersensitivity (type IV allergy), picryl chloride-induced contact dermatitis (PC-CD) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC)-induced footpad swelling in mice.
(4) C3H mice stimulated with M. lepraemurium cell wall skeletons (LM-CWS) were challenged with viable M. lepraemurium, and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to picryl chloride was measured.
(5) Mice, sensitized to picryl chloride, had both ears painted with the sensitizer followed 2 hours later by the application of the topical steroid to one ear and the corresponding vehicle to the other.
(6) It was found, however, that significant inhibition of the primary proliferative response to picryl chloride, by pretreatment of mice with either picryl sulphonic acid or 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, failed to prevent picryl chloride inducing antigenic competition for oxazolone.
(7) The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to picryl chloride (PC) was measured as an index of cell-mediated immunity.
(8) This study shows that footpad injection of 5 times 10(6) 1-day draining lymph node cells induces a similar degree of hypersensitivity to the original skin painting with picryl chloride but no antibody, as judged by anti-TNP splenic PFC and serum antibody, in contrast to the moderate antibody response found after skin painting.
(9) injection of picryl sulfonic acid suppressed the induction as well as the elicitation phase of the contact dermatitis.
(10) We report here the production of both IL-2 and IL-4 mRNA in vivo after primary sensitization with picryl chloride.
(11) Purification of the anti-picryl TsF by sequential affinity chromatography indicates that the inhibition of phagocytosis is due to the TsF itself and not to a TsF-antigen complex.
(12) Normal cells and cells from mice injected with dinitrobenzene sulphonate were ineffective whereas cells from donors injected with picryl sulphonic acid were inhibitory.
(13) Both the IgE and IgG responses to picryl chloride are initiated in the lymph nodes and then develop in the spleen.
(14) animals sensitized with picryl conjugates of ovalbumin or human serum albumin, skin reactivity and the in vitro cytotoxic effect could be elicited only with the homologous conjugate or the protein carrier alone and not with picryl conjugates of heterologous proteins.
(15) The apparent inability to induce a response did, however, correlate with the finding that the draining lymph nodes of mice painted with picryl chloride had few PFC.
(16) The titers, measured by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats, increased after repeated applications of picryl chloride.
(17) Using a selection of 'classic' haptens (dinitrohalobenzenes and picryl chloride) and related non-sensitizing analogous, we examined changes in levels of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulphide (GSSG) in mouse skin 12 h after their epicutaneous application.
(18) The effect of adult thymectomy on antibody production and on the development of contact sensitivity to picryl chloride in mice of different ages was studied.
(19) Children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in remission and undergoing either chemotherapy or immunotherapy were tested for general cell-mediated immunocompetence and cell-mediated reactivity to tumor-associated antigens (TAA) using the following parameters: skin tests with recall antigens and extracts of lymphoblastoid cell lines; primary sensitization to dinitrofluorobenzene and picryl chloride; in vitro tranformation by mitogens and PPD; and lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against a lymphoblastoid cell line and a panel of cryopreserved leukemic blasts.
(20) These derivatives strongly suppressed the phagocytic activity and the number of Kupffer cells of the liver and then the humoral response against sheep red blood cells, the delayed hypersensitivity against picryl chloride.
Univalent
Definition:
(a.) Having a valence of one; capable of combining with, or of being substituted for, one atom of hydrogen; monovalent; -- said of certain atoms and radicals.
Example Sentences:
(1) Experiments indicated that complement deposition altered functionally bivalent IgG3 antibody in the immune complex into a univalent one.
(2) Equilibrium measurements of interactions of anti-DNP antibodies, prepared using DNP-PLL and several DNP-proteins for immunization, with DNP(0.6)-PLL(240) and with the univalent hapten, epsilon-DNP-L-lysine, were made utilizing the technique of fluorescence quenching.
(3) Explicit expressions are derived which describe the binding of a univalent ligand to equivalent and independent sites on each state of an acceptor undergoing indefinite self-association that is governed by an isodesmic equilibrium constant KI.
(4) A computer model was constructed which can generate all of the common univalent behaviours.
(5) In these male cells there was no decrease of chiasmata or increase of autosomal univalents with age, and there were some interstrain differences.
(6) Two homogeneous univalent hapten-protein conjugates, prepared by the covalent attachment of a single 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP-) or 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP-) side chain to the cysteine-SH in the active site of the enzyme papain, have been found to exhibit large Cotton effects in the wavelength region of the absorption bands of the DNP or TNP groups.
(7) Equivalent concentrations of binding sites of the bivalent F(ab)2 and univalent Fab fragments of anti-CEA were identical to the immunoglobulin G fraction in the standard inhibition curve.
(8) At a hydrophobic surface, molecules move apart and local water becomes strongly bonded, inert, and viscous and accumulates large cations, univalent anions, and compatible solutes.
(9) Of particular interest in that regard is the observation that the traditional logit-log analyses yield linear plots with the predicted slope of unity even though antigen univalence is an implicit assumption in their application.
(10) (3) The two stable states of the nerve membrane, which are readily demonstrable in TEA-treated or internally perfused squid giant axons, are shown to represent bivalent cation-rich and univalent cation-rich states of the nerve membrane.
(11) Only benzaldehyde dehydrogenase I is activated by K(+) and certain other univalent cations.
(12) Male meiosis in Mesostoma ehrenbergii ehrenbergii (2x = 10) is characterized by extreme restriction of chiasma formation; 3 pairs of chromosomes form bivalents at metaphase I which are associated by single very distally localized chiasma, while two pairs of chromosomes remain as unpaired univalents.
(13) Human red blood cells (RBCs) that are deficient in an integral membrane-associated protein ("stomatin") of apparent molecular mass 31 Kd show a catastrophic increase in passive membrane permeability to the univalent cations Na+ and K+ and are stomatocytic in shape.
(14) We demonstrate that shifts of the conductance-voltage (g-V) characteristic of PG films produced by changes of univalent or divalent cation concentrations result from changes of the membrane surface potential on one or both sides.
(15) The electrical resistances and rates of self-exchange of univalent critical ions across several types of collodion matrix membranes of high ionic selectivity were studied over a wide range of conditions.
(16) The steady-state solutions (Kirchhoff-Hill theorem) yield expressions for the relationship between the small signal conductance of univalent ions and the concentration of these ions in the external bathing medium (a saturation curve) and for the ionic currents and the steady-state current-voltage curve (N-shaped).
(17) The incidence of oocytes with univalents in the slides made by Tarkowski's method was much higher than in those made by ours in both age and strain groups (P less than 0.05-0.001).
(18) Our findings support the assumption that the altered activity of the Na-K-ATPase (modified by the presence of Ca-2+) is responsible for the univalent cation activation of the CaATPase.
(19) Under the conditions used univalent cations (Na(+),K(+) and Li(+)) inhibited the binding.
(20) The k-absorption edge spectrum of LyCuLP was consistent with the coordination of univalent copper.