(n.) Any species of turbellarian worms belonging to Planaria, and many allied genera. The body is usually flat, thin, and smooth. Some species, in warm countries, are terrestrial.
Example Sentences:
(1) Total lipid content of planariae is equal to 28.70% of lyophylized weight, 21.70% of them being presented by phospholipids.
(2) Attra-tion of the worms to stool material was examined by placing planaria inside square whose boundries were constructed of fecal smears.
(3) In comparison, mechanical sectioning proved to be more appropriate for increasing the number of planaria.
(4) These results are in agreement with those of other authors who attribute an essential role to undifferentiated cells during regeneration of the adult planaria.
(5) One hundred planaria averaging 8 mm in length could be sectioned into 600 segments in approximately 18 min; regeneration was achieved by approximately 94% of these segments, usually within 8 days after sectioning.
(6) The study of the labelling of planaria with 99mTc shows that the incorporation of radioactivity in this platyhelminth increases with an increase in SnCl2 concentration from 0.13 to 1.3 microM, reaching a plateau in the range of 1.3-130 microM then decreasing with 1300 microM.
(7) The ocellar potential (OP) of planaria was recorded using microelectrode techniques.
(8) As serotonin is normally present in planaria, it is postulated that a serotonin-dependent regulation of adenylate cyclase activity plays a physiological role in this species.
(9) These results suggest that light receptors in these planaria might have evolved away from the body surface and are located in the ocelli.
(10) p-Chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) caused an increase in looping and locomotion speed in planaria (Dugesia dorotocephala).
(11) Planaria Dugesia dorotocephala were bilaterally enucleated, decapitated caudal to the auricles, or sectioned at the level of the pharynx.
(12) Planaria that regenerated from head sections showed more looping 6 and 11 days later than tail regenerates, regenerates from untreated worms, and uncut worms.
(13) The particulate fraction prepared after homogenization of planaria Polycelis tenuis in a buffer containing 3 mM EDTA and 15 mM 2-mercaptoethanol possesses an adenylate cyclase activity which was enhanced two-fold by serotonin and 20-fold by the nucleotide analog guanosine 5'-(beta-gamma-imino)triphosphate, Gpp(NH)p; when present together, the two activators exhibited a marked synergistic effect.
(14) Epinephrine, ephedrine, dopamine and isoproterenol considerably influence carbohydrate utilization in planaria.
(15) Study of planaria cells, which are the result of dissociated fragments cultivated in vitro, allows the evolution of two cell groups to be followed: (1) Differentiated cells, which do not divide, and do not dedifferentiate either, incorporate leucine and uridine at a rate which remains stable for the whole duration of the culture.
(16) In some molluscs (Aplysia and Fusitriton) and insects (silkworm and cricket), occurrence and distribution of neuropeptides in the nervous system and gut were studied with following results: in these invertebrates and also in planaria, PP-like immunoreactivity is extensively distributed in neurons and (in insects) in gut endocrine paraneurons.
(17) During traumatic regeneration of Planaria Polycelis tenuis, determination of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine levels revealed important variations of serotonin and catecholamines from the time of excision.
(18) Since 1961 it has been known that human infections are usually acquired by purposeful or accidental ingestion of infective larvae in terrestrial mollusks, planaria and fresh-water crustacea.
(19) Using PCR, some Antennapedia-type homeoboxes were cloned from the genome of two other Platyhelminthes, Dugesia tigrina (planaria) and Fasciola hepatica.
(20) Other organisms including Herpobdella testacea and Helobdella stagnalis (Hirudinea), Acellus aquaticus (Isopoda), Planaria lugubris (Turbellaria) and L. truncatula egg clusters failed to interfere with miracidial host-finding.
Starfish
Definition:
(n.) Any one of numerous species of echinoderms belonging to the class Asterioidea, in which the body is star-shaped and usually has five rays, though the number of rays varies from five to forty or more. The rays are often long, but are sometimes so short as to appear only as angles to the disklike body. Called also sea star, five-finger, and stellerid.
(n.) The dollar fish, or butterfish.
Example Sentences:
(1) The kinetics of the membrane current during the anomalous or inward-going rectification of the K current in the egg cell membrane of the starfish Mediaster aequalis were analyzed by voltage clamp.
(2) Using tubulin immunostaining, we found that 6-DMAP did not affect the cortical microtubules and resting female centrioles of prophase-arrested starfish oocytes, whereas it induced a precocious disappearance of spindle fibers when applied to hormone-stimulated oocytes.
(3) When he sits back at the piano and plays Raspberry Beret and Starfish and Coffee and Girls and Boys, they’re beside themselves, and understandably so: he sounds magnificent.
(4) The cockle Cardium tuberculatum responds with a typical escape movement (jumping by foot contractions) when touched by a starfish.
(5) Since these characteristics of the starfish egg poly(A)+ RNA are similar to those of cyclin mRNAs from sea urchin and surf clam eggs, we synthesized a 50-mer antisense-cyclin oligonucleotide probe coding for a part of the sea urchin cyclin cDNA and used this to screen starfish RNA.
(6) The cellular events that take place during reconstruction of larval forms from dissociated embryonic cells of the starfish are investigated by thick and thin sections.
(7) Primary afferent electrical activity can be recorded from the chemoreceptors on the mantle margin that are responsive to starfish scent and also from other physiologically distinct receptors that are responsive to contact with starfish tube feet.
(8) A cDNA clone encoding starfish cyclin B has been isolated and its sequence determined.
(9) The changes in activity of a cytoplasmic maturation-promoting factor (MPF), capable of inducing resumption of meiosis when injected into starfish oocytes, were examined during mouse oocyte maturation.
(10) 1-Methyladenine (1MeAde) is the naturally occurring maturation-inducing hormone of starfish oocytes.
(11) The marine gastropods Acmaea (Collisella) limatula and Acmaea (Notoacmea) scutum respond to distant predatory starfish (i.e.
(12) "There are a number of threats facing the reef, including climate change, coastal developments, agricultural runoff, ocean acidification and outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns starfish.
(13) Fatty acid hydroperoxides (lipoxygenase products) are metabolized to allene oxides by a type of dehydrase that has been detected in plants, corals, and starfish oocytes.
(14) Ross said researchers have identified four new species of fish, a new type of starfish and several new species of crustaceans living in the deepwater reefs.
(15) An assessment by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority cited climate change as the leading threat to the coral ecosystem, with pollution, extreme weather events, and a plague of coral-eating starfish also contributing to its malaise.
(16) This has come about because links have been established between two independent areas of research, one based on a genetic approach using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and the second based on a biochemical approach using Xenopus and starfish oocytes.
(17) In the presence of 1 mM hydroxyurea, fertilized eggs of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera, cleaved up to the 256-cell stage and decomposed before blastulation.
(18) Porcine brain tubulin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was able to polymerize by itself and co-polymerize with tubulin purified from starfish sperm flagella.
(19) Although caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine supposedly inhibit maturation of oocytes, studies using the starfish oocyte showed that theobromine does not inhibit maturation and the inhibition caused by caffeine and theophylline is reversible.
(20) The acrosome reaction of spermatozoa from the starfish Marthasterias glacialis was induced with the ionophore A23187.