What's the difference between plasma and serum?

Plasma


Definition:

  • (n.) Unorganized material; elementary matter.
  • (n.) A mixture of starch and glycerin, used as a substitute for ointments.
  • (n.) A variety of quartz, of a color between grass green and leek green, which is found associated with common chalcedony. It was much esteemed by the ancients for making engraved ornaments.
  • (n.) The viscous material of an animal or vegetable cell, out of which the various tissues are formed by a process of differentiation; protoplasm.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The absolute recoveries of diazepam, nordazepam and flurazepam in human milk were 84, 86 and 92% and in human plasma 97, 89 and 94%, respectively.
  • (2) Cancer patients showed abnormally high plasma free tryptophan levels.
  • (3) In each sheep there was a significant negative correlation between the glucose and corticosteroid concentrations in both maternal and fetal plasma, and there were positive correlations between the maternal and fetal plasma concentrations of glucose, and between the glucose and fructose concentrations of fetal plasma.
  • (4) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
  • (5) Disease stabilisation was associated with prolonged periods of comparatively high plasma levels of drug, which appeared to be determined primarily by reduced drug clearance.
  • (6) Patient plasma samples demonstrated evidence of marked complement activation, with 3-fold elevations of C3a desArg concentrations by the 8th day of therapy.
  • (7) LHRH therapy leads to higher plasma LH levels and a lower FSH in response to an intravenous LHRH test.
  • (8) Using monoclonal antibodies directed against the plasma membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, we demonstrated previously that a glycoprotein with an Mr = 23,000 (gp23) had a non-polarized cell surface distribution and was observed on both the apical and basolateral membranes (Ojakian, G. K., Romain, R. E., and Herz, R. E. (1987) Am.
  • (9) Maximum increases in portal plasma secretin concentrations of 143, 146 and 190% and maximum increases in VIP of 116, 155 and 147% after, respectively, intraduodenal 0.1 M NaHCO3, 0.1 M Na2CO3, and 0.025 M NaOH were found.
  • (10) Dialysis of dog plasma against an artificial c.s.f.
  • (11) One of these antibodies, MCaE11, was used for immunohistochemical detection of MAC in tissue and for quantification of the fluid-phase TCC in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plasma.
  • (12) Recovery of CV-3988 from plasma averaged 81.7% for the column procedure and 40% for the organic extraction.
  • (13) It includes preincubation of diluted plasma with ellagic acid and phospholipids and a starting reagent that contains calcium and a chromogenic peptide substrate for thrombin, Tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA.
  • (14) Concentrations of several gastrointestinal hormonal peptides were measured in lymph from the cisterna chyli and in arterial plasma; in healthy, conscious pigs during ingestion of a meal.
  • (15) Plasma NPY correlated better with plasma norepinephrine than with epinephrine, indicating its origin from sympathetic nerve terminals.
  • (16) Neither the plasma prolactin level nor urinary excretion of aldosterone and ADHshowed any consistent change throughout the dive.
  • (17) Zinc in plasma and urine and serum albumin and alpha 2-macroglobulin were measured in 48 patients with burns.
  • (18) Arginine vasopressin further reduced papillary flow in kidneys perfused with high viscosity artificial plasma.
  • (19) Determination of plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in the peripubertal female rats revealed that plasma LH was increased transiently immediately after NPY administration.
  • (20) Nicardipine lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure to normal, plasma aldosterone was reduced and serum potassium levels were increased.

Serum


Definition:

  • (n.) The watery portion of certain animal fluids, as blood, milk, etc.
  • (n.) A thin watery fluid, containing more or less albumin, secreted by the serous membranes of the body, such as the pericardium and peritoneum.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) We studied further the serum with the highest titer.
  • (2) Serum levels of both dihydralazine and metabolites were very low and particularly below the detection limit.
  • (3) Since fingernail creatinine (Ncr) reflects serum creatinine (Scr) at the time of nail formation, it has been suggested that Ncr level might represent that of Scr around 4 months previously.
  • (4) The significance of minor increases in the serum creatinine level must be recognized, so that modifications of drug therapy can be made and correction of possibly life-threatening electrolyte imbalances can be undertaken.
  • (5) Trifluoroacetylated rabbit serum albumin was 5 times more reactive with these antibodies and thus more antigenic than the homologous acetylated moiety confirming the importance of the trifluoromethyl moiety as an epitope in the immunogen in vivo.
  • (6) Serum samples from 23 families, including a total of 48 affected children, were tested for a set of "classical markers."
  • (7) The statistical T value calculated for the LP-TAE group showed that the administration of LP, the tumor size, intrahepatic metastasis, portal vein infiltration, and serum total bilirubin and alpha-fetoprotein levels significantly (P < 0.01) affected the patients' survival.
  • (8) Patient or fetal cord serum is commonly used as a protein supplement to culture media used in in-vitro fertilization (IVF).
  • (9) The serum concentration of hyaluronan (HYA) was determined in 59 patients with various myeloproliferative disorders, including 33 patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis.
  • (10) These observations were confirmed by the killing curves in pooled serum obtained at peak and trough levels.
  • (11) Serum complement studies revealed decreased levels of C4, properdin, and C3.
  • (12) The agent present in the serum which causes dissolution of the fibrin clot was isolated and identified as pepsinogen.
  • (13) The concentrations of five normally occurring protease inhibitors in serum and synovial fluid were compared in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis, and normal controls.
  • (14) In this review, we demonstrate that serum creatinine does not provide an adequate estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and contrary to recent teachings, that the slope of the reciprocal of serum creatinine vs time does not permit an accurate assessment of the rate of progression of renal disease.
  • (15) Zinc in plasma and urine and serum albumin and alpha 2-macroglobulin were measured in 48 patients with burns.
  • (16) In the clinical trials in which there was complete substitution of fat-modified ruminant foods for conventional ruminant products the fall in serum cholesterol was approximately 10%.
  • (17) The increase in red blood cell mass was associated with an elevation in erythropoietic stimulatory activity in serum, pleural fluid, and tumor-cyst fluid as determined by the exhypoxic polycythemic mouse assay.
  • (18) Nicardipine lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure to normal, plasma aldosterone was reduced and serum potassium levels were increased.
  • (19) As a group, the three mammalian proteins resemble bovine serum conglutinin and behave as lectins with rather broad sugar specificities directed at certain non-reducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, glucose and fucose residues, but with subtle differences in fine specificities.
  • (20) We have measured the antibody specificities to the two polysaccharides in sera from asymptomatic group C meningococcal carriers and vaccinated adults by a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure using methylated human serum albumin for coating the group C polysaccharide onto microtiter plates.