What's the difference between poisonous and veratrine?
Poisonous
Definition:
(a.) Having the qualities or effects of poison; venomous; baneful; corrupting; noxious.
Example Sentences:
(1) Resistance to antibiotics have been detected in food poisoning bacteria, namely Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens.
(2) It can induce acute cholinesterase poisoning, which is rapidly reversible on discontinuation of exposure.
(3) There is a disparity between the number of reported cases of poisoning and the number of chemical analyses performed for the identification and quantitative determination of a particular poison.
(4) A case is presented of deliberate chewing of the flowers of henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) in the hope of producing euphoria, and an account is given of the poisoning so produced.
(5) "Our black, Muslim and Jewish citizens will sleep much less easily now the BBC has legitimised the BNP by treating its racist poison as the views of just another mainstream political party when it is so uniquely evil and dangerous."
(6) Extrapyramidal syndromes after ischemic anoxia are rare, when compared to their relative frequency after carbon monoxide poisoning.
(7) Concern about the safety of the patient and dental personnel does exist, however, due to the possibilities of mercury poisoning.
(8) Excess levels of selenium (2.5 and 5 ppm) in the vitamin E-deficient diet had little or no effect on spleen size or hematocrit of rats not receiving lead, but partially prevented the splenomegaly and anemia of red cells from either non-poisoned or lead-oisoned vitamin E-deficient rats, but not as effectively as vitamin E. These results show that vitamin E status of rats is more important that selenium status in determining response to toxic levels of lead.
(9) Toxicity has been reported in the fetus of a woman ingesting a huge overdose of digitoxin; the same result would be anticipated with digoxin poisoning.
(10) Three esterase inhibitors, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, bis-(p-nitrophenyl)-phosphate, and diisopropylfluorophosphate, had no effect on the antidote effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine, although each provided partial protection against acetaminophen poisoning.
(11) The deaths were due to: hanging (41 cases), poisoning (17 cases), leaping from a height (7 cases), and others (11 cases including one case of self shooting).
(12) In vivo the administration of captopril prevented the toxic effects of mercury poisoning on membrane permeability, oxidative phosphorylation and Ca++ homeostasis.
(13) Large doses of dsFab are efficacious in the treatment of dysrhythmias in this canine model of N oleander cardiac glycoside poisoning.
(14) A recent report indicated that an arrow poison used by the native Indians of Rondonia, Brazil, to kill small animals was associated with profuse bleeding.
(15) When Hayley Cropper swallows poison on Coronation Street on Monday night, taking her own life to escape inoperable pancreatic cancer, with her beloved husband, Roy, in pieces at her bedside, it will be the end of a character who, thanks to Hesmondhalgh's performance, has captivated and challenged British TV viewers for 16 years.
(16) Zelaya's food comes separately and is prepared by his daughter because he fears being poisoned.
(17) Characteristics of the poisoning include a delay between exposure and onset of symptoms; early systemic toxicity with congestive changes in the lungs and oliguric renal failure; prominent cerebellar and Parkinsonian neurologic symptoms as well as seizures and coma in severe cases; and psychiatric disturbances that can last from months to years.
(18) A method of poisoning cats with thallium is described.
(19) They were given individually to guinea pigs prior to poisoning with 2 x LD50 soman to test their efficacy against organophosphorus-induced convulsions, brain damage, and lethality.
(20) This incident prompted the poison center to evaluate our emergency response capabilities.
Veratrine
Definition:
(n.) A poisonous alkaloid obtained from the root hellebore (Veratrum) and from sabadilla seeds as a white crystalline powder, having an acrid, burning taste. It is sometimes used externally, as in ointments, in the local treatment of neuralgia and rheumatism. Called also veratria, and veratrina.
Example Sentences:
(1) Antibodies to GM1 ganglioside enhance the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from rat brain slices induced by depolarization with either 40 mM K+ or 200 microM veratrine.
(2) The effects of various dopaminergic drugs on the spontaneous and veratrine-stimulated release of endogenous dopamine (DA) from superfused rat striatal slices have been examined using a high-sensitivity HPLC system.
(3) Veratrine injected intravenously produced apnoea, bradycardia and long-lasting hypotension.
(4) GABA release by veratrine was blocked by tetrodotoxin.
(5) Stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis by depolarization with veratrine was compared to that produced by stimulation of alpha-1 adrenoceptors by norepinephrine.
(6) Depolymerization of microtubules with colchicin and vinblastine decreased an apparent affinity of veratrine to its receptor in the channel, while destruction of microfilaments with cytochalasin B had the opposite effect.
(7) The injection of veratrine into the cisterna magna caused an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) which was considerably larger than that which occurred in left ventricular end-diastolic circumferential (LVEDC) segment length suggesting a reduction in diastolic compliance.
(8) Experiments were carried out to investigate the role of calcium in the therapy of soman intoxication with 9-anthroic acid (ANCA), a compound with veratrine-like pharmacological properties.
(9) The observation that two classes of neuronal depolarizing agents (veratrine and scorpion venom) cause TTX-sensitive inhibition of basal ion transport establishes that NaCl absorption in flounder intestine is subject to regulation by enteric nerves located in the submucosa.
(10) (2) On changing the veratrine concentration from 0.025 to 1 mM, the magnitude of depolarization is raised logarithmically.
(11) With Na-free (LiCl) Ringer's solution the effect of veratrine on membrane current was obtained, but the mechanical response was unchanged.
(12) When cardiac output was kept nearly constant (by beta-adrenergic and cholinergic receptor blockade or by beta-blockade and cardiac pacing), intracoronary veratrine still attenuated baroreflex control of blood pressure and total peripheral resistance.
(13) At about 0.1 mM concentration, the steroid showed no 'veratrinic' or decurarizing action, and the probability of transmitter release was not increased in 10mM Mg++.
(14) On the other hand, preincubation of striatal slices with D-amphetamine (10(-5) M) enhanced basal and veratrine-stimulated dopamine release but markedly suppressed evoked CCK release.
(15) Reactivity of the retransplanted vasculature as compared to the denervated control revealed a marked relative shift in adrenergic balance, tested by dopamine, to the vasoconstrictor range, but it showed no change in responses to general haemodynamic or haemorheologic interventions, tested by veratrine and pentoxifylline, respectively.
(16) DON caused a decrease in both the pool size of glutamate (22%) and the extent of veratrine-evoked release of amino acids (21%).
(17) Catecholamine release induced by veratrine could be prevented almost completely by the Ca2+ channel blocker cadmium, but not to any great extent by the organic dihydropyridine Ca2+ antagonist nitrendipine.
(18) Despite the fall in basal GnRH release from MBH, the MBH GnRH release response to in vitro stimulation by an opioid blocker (naloxone) and a membrane-depolarizing agent (veratrine) were not diminished in uremic male rats.
(19) The effects of veratrine on renin release from rat kidney cortical slices were compared with those of norepinephrine (NE).
(20) These results indicate the existence of sodium pathways in the electrically unexcitable Schwann cell membrane of S. sepioidea, which can be opened up by grayanotoxin I and veratrine, and afterwards are blocked by tetrodotoxin.