(a.) Of or pertaining to the pons Varolii. See Pons.
Example Sentences:
(1) Animals having bilateral electrolytic lesions localized in the pontile pneumotaxic center exhibited hypercapnia-induced minute volumes which were significantly less than those of unlesioned control cats.
(2) These results considered together with previous findings indicate that thyroidectomy and pontile lesions induce similar changes in 11-hydroxycorticoid and serotonergic functions-changes that are critical features of the physiological bases of the abnormal grooming behavior in both groups.
(3) Studies of brain and blood levels of thyroid hormones in cats with pontile lesions failed to detect any differences from normal cats, and normal effects of thyroid hormones on evoked potentials to light flashes and to clicks were obtained in cats with pontile lesions.
(4) Time-lapse motion pictures of the cats in their home cages were taken, and statistical analyses of the grooming behavior shown on the films indicated that cats with pontile lesions and cats with tectal lesions spent less time grooming, had shorter grooming bouts, and failed to exhibit the normal temporal pattern of grooming behaviors.
(5) Cats with pontile lesions, frontal neocortical lesions, and thyroidectomized cats display a dissociation of the appetitive and consummatory components of grooming behavior following tactile stimulation of the body surface, an abnormal behavior which waxes and wanes with the seasons of the year.
(6) Cats with pontile lesions had, relative to intact state, a prolonged inspiratory duration and an increase in tidal volume and expiration duration.
(7) Thyroidectomized cats display a dissociation of the appetitive and consummatory components of grooming behavior when the body surface is tactually stimulated, an abnormal behavior that also occurs in cats with pontile or frontal neocortical lesions.
(8) Cats with pontile lesions and cats with frontal neocortical lesions exhibit the scratch reflex and other grooming reflexes.
(9) Thus, it appears that the pontile and frontal neocortical lesions produce deficits in both glucocorticoids and serotonin, and these deficits are necessary and sufficient conditions for inducing the abnormal grooming behavior.
(10) Reconstruction of the pontile lesions indicate that the lateral and rostral portions of the paralemniscal tegmental fields were destroyed along with portions of the pontile gray and pyramidal tract.
(11) It is concluded that the lesions at the pontomedullary junction produce ventilatory alterations by interrupting a pathway interconnecting the caudal pontile apneustic center with the medullary respiratory complex.
(12) It was concluded that any thyroid dysfunction that may exist in the cats with pontile lesions was not involved in the genesis of the abnormal grooming behavior.
(13) Placement of these pontile or medullary lesions in animals with pneumotaxic center lesions prevented the development of a typical apneustic pattern upon vagotomy.
(14) The present studies evaluated the hypothesis that rostral pontile mechanisms contribute to determining the time of onset of spinal motoneuronal activities in phase II.
(15) Previous studies of cats with pontile lesions indicate that a serotonergic deficit exists in the superior colliculi and that this deficit is involved in the genesis of an abnormal grooming behavior.
(16) Cats with pontile or frontal neocortical lesions display a dissociation of the appetitive and consummatory components of grooming behavior when their body surface is tactually stimulated, an abnormal behavior that waxes and wanes with the seasons of the year.
(17) Studies were undertaken to evaluate the hypothesis that diffuse pathways serve to convey efferent activity from the rostral pontile pneumotaxic center to the respiratory regions of medulla.
(18) Mesencephalic or rostral pontile lesions caused no systematic changes in either hypercapnia- or hypoxia-induced responses.
(19) It is concluded that both pontile and medullary mechanisms control eupneic ventilatory activity in unanesthetized as well as deeply anesthetized preparations.
(20) Tryptophan hydroxylase activity is significantly decreased in the superior colliculi of cats with pontile lesions and of cats with frontal neocortical lesions.
Pontine
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to an extensive marshy district between Rome and Naples.
Example Sentences:
(1) The fine structure of neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampal gyrus, substantia nigra, pontine nuclei and locus coeruleus of the brain was postmortem studied in a case of progressive supranuclear palsy.
(2) While the heaviest anterogradely labeled ascending projections were observed to the contralateral ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus, pars oralis (VPLo), efferent projections were also observed to the contralateral ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VLc) and central lateral (CL) nucleus of the thalamic intralaminar complex, magnocellular (and to a lesser extent parvicellular) red nucleus, nucleus of Darkschewitsch, zona incerta, nucleus of the posterior commissure, lateral intermediate layer and deep layer of the superior colliculus, dorsolateral periaqueductal gray, contralateral nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis and basilar pontine nuclei (especially dorsal and peduncular), and dorsal (DAO) and medial (MAO) accessory olivary nuclei, ipsilateral lateral (external) cuneate nucleus (LCN) and lateral reticular nucleus (LRN), and to a lesser extent the caudal medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and caudal nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH), and dorsal medullary raphe.
(3) The binding profiles obtained in these areas were clearly distinct from those obtained in the CA1 layer of the hippocampus and in the pontine nuclei, regions enriched in M1 and M2 sites, respectively.
(4) Giving pontine rabbits 6-OHDA elicited a short-latency fall in blood pressure, resembling the hypotensive phase in intact animals.
(5) Injection of the tracer substance wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) directly into the basilar pontine nuclei using a ventral surgical approach resulted in the labeling of somata in many areas both rostral and caudal to the basilar pons.
(6) This case illustrates that lateral pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis can be associated with hypernatremia and hyperosmolality.
(7) Electrical stimulation of the contralateral superior colliculus evoked monosynaptic field potentials which were largest in the caudal pontine reticular formation rostral to the abducens nucleus and in the rostral part of the medullary reticular formation caudal to the abducens nucleus.
(8) With a single exception, the medullary reticular nuclei contained no neurons with thalamic connections; a small number of reticulo-thalamic neurons were found in the ventral pontine area.
(9) In normal animals, forelimb and hindlimb motor cortical projections terminated somatotopically within the ipsilateral pontine nuclei.
(10) The isointensity bands in the ischemic area on T2-weighted images showed the spared transverse fibers originating from the contralateral pontine nuclei, and this may explain the cause of the unilateral ataxia.
(11) ruber, anterodorsolateral midbrain tegmentum, superior and inferior colliculi, pontine gray, cerebral peduncles, medial pontine reticular formation, raphe and vestibular nuclei did not affect the acoustic structure of the calls tested.
(12) The neurological deficits presented in this case were due to pontine infarction, which was suspected to be produced by thrombosis from the aneurysm, and a hydrocephalus might have been caused by a "water-hammering" effect of the elongated basilar artery.
(13) In the present case of a paramedian pontine tuberculoma, a paralysis of laterality in accordance with the above mentioned opinion was observed initially.
(14) Computerised axial tomography (CT) showed a pontine infarction over right side.
(15) The predominant pathological Kernohan grading for the supratentorial, cerebellar, and pontine located tumors were grades II, II, and IV respectively.
(16) In 3 patients with predominant symptoms of communicating hydrocephalus more investigations led to the diagnosis of neurinoma at the cerebellar-pontine angle.
(17) Synaptic responses of medial medullary neurons to single (2 pps) and repetitive (30-50 pps) stimuli delivered to the pontine inhibitory point were recorded in decerebrated cats.
(18) This area (together with its associated structures, such as the cortex-pontine nuclei-cerebellum-thalamus-cortex circuit) seems to be essential for the production of verbal or, more generally, learned vocal behaviour.
(19) Neurons in the rostral paramedian zone of the pontine reticular formation (PRF) have distinct frequency changes prior to and during quick eye movements, but generally little or no tonic activity associated with eye position.
(20) A diabetes duration of 20 weeks causing bilateral cataracts induced a significant (p less than 0.05) reduction in rCBF in two structures in the visual system compared to the control group (visual cortex: 105 versus 129 ml 100 g-1 min-1; lateral geniculate body: 106 versus 128 ml 100 g-1 min-1) and in the pontine reticular nucleus (82 versus 128 ml 100 g min-1), whereas rDPC remained unchanged.