(n.) A fine translucent or semitransculent kind of earthenware, made first in China and Japan, but now also in Europe and America; -- called also China, or China ware.
Example Sentences:
(1) The colors of mixtures of dental opaque porcelains and modifiers were measured with use of the CIE L*a*b* uniform color space.
(2) Part 1 discusses the EsthetiCone, designed for use with multiple-unit restorations, which allows subgingival placement of porcelain for maximal esthetics.
(3) The results are in accord with the findings in an initial study by one of the present authors, in which the fillings were placed in denture porcelain teeth.
(4) The maximum stresses and strains in porcelain for the crowns with a conventional coping thickness (0.3 mm) and a reduced coping thickness (0.1 mm) were not significantly different.
(5) Endocardial fibroelastosis is characterized by a porcelain-like thickening of the endocardium, resulting in a marked increase in echodensity of the endocardium, as well as ventricular dilatation and aortic atresia.
(6) The etched porcelain laminate veneer is a new conservative treatment that offers a solution to fractured, discolored, and worn anterior teeth.
(7) It was found, with microscopic examination, that there is little or no diffusion of the stain into the underlying porcelain and that at a thickness of 22 microns the extrinsic stain layer is grossly evident to an observer.
(8) Porcelain glass transition temperatures and expansion values were derived from length-versus-temperature curves.
(9) Data received was converted to Munsell notation for evaluation of the dimensions of color, i.e., Hue, Chroma, and Value, as related to (1) shade differences, (2) thickness of porcelain, and (3) numbers of firings.
(10) Porcelain veneer restorations including preparations, impression materials, cast materials, refractory casts, handling of porcelain, the try-in, and the final luting are discussed.
(11) Clinical observations of porcelain restorations lead to the hypothesis that certain substructures tend to produce crowns with a lower than expected Value (brightness).
(12) Scanning electron microscopy was initially used to examine the surface configuration of porcelain prepared under various conditions.
(13) Dental porcelain emits some fluorescence under the action of ultra-violet rays.
(14) The bending strength and fracture toughness of the composite porcelains were examined.
(15) It is expected that porcelain veneer restorations will perform successfully in esthetic, conservative and abhesive dentistry.
(16) For example, many porcelain materials do not match their shade guide.
(17) Under four loading conditions, the tensile stress distributions on the ceramics crown were analyzed to evaluate the relations between three kinds of ceramics crown, which were an aluminous porcelain jacket crown, a feldspathic porcelain jacket crown and an Olympus castable ceramics (O.C.C.)
(18) The potential for porcelain fracture in debonding, however, is much increased and it is questionable whether bond strengths of this magnitude are required clinically.
(19) Techniques involving a cemented porcelain-fused-to-metal overcasting have often been successful in restoring the fixed partial denture to form and function.
(20) In children porcelain veneers provide a simple means of splinting traumatised anterior teeth which have coronal fractures either for the immediate or the long term.
Zaffer
Definition:
(n.) A pigment obtained, usually by roasting cobalt glance with sand or quartz, as a dark earthy powder. It consists of crude cobalt oxide, or of an impure cobalt arseniate. It is used in porcelain painting, and in enameling pottery, to produce a blue color, and is often confounded with smalt, from which, however, it is distinct, as it contains no potash. The name is often loosely applied to mixtures of zaffer proper with silica, or oxides of iron, manganese, etc.