(n.) Something demanded or asserted; especially, a position or supposition assumed without proof, or one which is considered as self-evident; a truth to which assent may be demanded or challenged, without argument or evidence.
(n.) The enunciation of a self-evident problem, in distinction from an axiom, which is the enunciation of a self-evident theorem.
(a.) Postulated.
(v. t.) To beg, or assume without proof; as, to postulate conclusions.
(v. t.) To take without express consent; to assume.
(v. t.) To invite earnestly; to solicit.
Example Sentences:
(1) We postulate that FAA may affect the human peripheral and mucosal immune system.
(2) This postulate is supported by a limited study of the serovars present among the isolates.
(3) Protein kinase C (PKC) is activated rapidly and transiently following ionizing radiation exposure and is postulated to activate downstream nuclear signal transducers.
(4) A new theory for the peculiar site selection of cholesteatomas of the external auditory canal is postulated.
(5) Both strong-stop DNAs are made early during in vitro reactions and decline in concentration later, consistent with postulated roles as initiators of long minus- and plus-strand DNA.
(6) Based on these findings and those described before, an overall degradation scheme is postulated.
(7) Their speech patterns, specifically pronoun use, were analyzed and support the postulate that a high frequency of self-references indicates memory loss and paucity of present experience.
(8) It has been postulated that the peroxisomal fatty acid-oxidizing system [Lazarow & de Duve (1976) Proc.
(9) The paper postulates that 'anal or sphincter defensiveness' is one of the precursors of the repression barrier.
(10) We postulate that an abnormality in retinal dopaminergic neurons, which are known to reduce light responsiveness of horizontal and ganglion cells, is the underlying pathophysiology of this clinical finding.
(11) We conclude, therefore, that a direct deacylation of the acyl groups at the primary alcohol level of the glycerol probably does not occur, but postulate that transacylations may occur to account for the removal of the acyl moiety.
(12) In addition, the postulated personality for PD may predispose to hard work, perspiration, and increased exposure to putative trace elements in the water supply.
(13) A regulatory role for GABA in the reproductive tract is postulated.
(14) A pathogenetic mechanism is postulated to explain the subacute evolution of fluid collection with diffusion of proteolytic enzymes between the splenic capsule and parenchyma.
(15) Therefore, it is not necessary to postulate a preponderant extraerythropoietic source to explain the amount of fecal excretion.
(16) The reason we have postulated that one-electron oxidation plays an important role in the activation of PAH derives from certain common characteristics of the radical cation chemistry of the most potent carcinogenic PAH.
(17) The postulated deficit is contrasted to the hypothesis of impairment to the lexical-semantic component, required to explain performance by brain-damaged subjects described elsewhere who make seemingly identical types of oral production errors to those of RGB and HW, but, in addition, make comparable errors in writing and comprehension tasks.
(18) The expression of keratin and differentiation markers was identical to that of normal keratinocytes, suggesting that psoriatic epidermal differentiation is not truncated in vitro as has been postulated to be the case in vivo.
(19) It is postulated that in case vasopressin affects retrieval processes the site of action is located in the amygdala and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal complex with dopamine and serotonin as the respective neurotransmitter systems involved.
(20) More than 20 years ago Olney and his colleagues described the 'Excitotoxic Hypothesis' which postulates that, in addition to its normal function in the healthy brain, glutamate can kill neurons by prolonged, receptor-mediated depolarization resulting in irreversible disturbances in ion homeostasis.
Presume
Definition:
(v. t.) To assume or take beforehand; esp., to do or undertake without leave or authority previously obtained.
(v. t.) To take or suppose to be true, or entitled to belief, without examination or proof, or on the strength of probability; to take for granted; to infer; to suppose.
(v. i.) To suppose or assume something to be, or to be true, on grounds deemed valid, though not amounting to proof; to believe by anticipation; to infer; as, we may presume too far.
(v. i.) To venture, go, or act, by an assumption of leave or authority not granted; to go beyond what is warranted by the circumstances of the case; to venture beyond license; to take liberties; -- often with on or upon before the ground of confidence.
Example Sentences:
(1) With aging, the blood vessel wall becomes hyperreactive--presumably because of an augmented vasoconstrictor and a reduced vasodilator responsiveness.
(2) Four of the 39 ticks in our colony were infected with a spirochete; presumably, Borrelia crocidurae.
(3) In the stage 24 chick embryo, a paced increase in heart rate reduces stroke volume, presumably by rate-dependent decrease in passive filling.
(4) Trichostatin C is presumably the first example of a glucopyranosyl hydroxamate from nature.
(5) 3) The first who presumed an independent state of these microorganisms, was Kohlert (1968), from the work of which the epithet for correct name, i.e.
(6) Recently, we have designed a series of simplified artificial signal sequences and have shown that a proline residue in the signal sequence plays an important role in the secretion of human lysozyme in yeast, presumably by altering the conformation of the signal sequence [Yamamoto, Y., Taniyama, Y., & Kikuchi, M. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 2728-2732].
(7) Though three of these presumable metabolites could slightly inhibit the binding of [3H]-KW-3049, they were not detected in rat and dog plasma at 0.5 h after oral administration of KW-3049.
(8) However, since CR3 does not recognize a hexapeptide containing RGD, we presume that residues beyond the RGD triplet contribute to binding.
(9) Since alkaline phosphatase, a glycoprotein, is not affected, the destruction is selective and presumably involves only the most exposed membrane components.
(10) Eighty four colorectal cancer patients who underwent presumably curative surgery were considered as candidates for control recurrence study.
(11) 5% of the degradation resulted from enzymatic activity in the culture medium, presumably due to secretion of proteolytic enzymes by the cells.
(12) The larger accumulation of Mn2+ than of Sr2+ in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is ascribed to the operation of a specific extrusion pump, presumably a Ca2+ pump, which has a higher affinity for Sr2+ than for Mn2+.
(13) Altering the time of PMA exposure demonstrated that PMA inhibited chondrocyte phenotypic expression, rather than cell commitment: early (0-48 h) exposure to PMA (during chondrocytic commitment in vitro) had little inhibitory effect on the staining index, whereas, exposure from 49-96 h (presumably post-commitment) and 0-96 h had moderate and strong inhibitory effects, respectively, on cartilage synthesis.
(14) In the terminal segment of the hamster epididymidis there was some evidence of micro-merocrine protein secretion a the level of the principal cells and clear evidence of granular secretion in the light cells, presumable of glycoproteins.
(15) The authors have considered an endocrine mechanism as the possible cause of these pathological changes which are presumed to be genetically conditioned.
(16) Presumable this medium was modified repeatedly after its introduction in bacteriology in 1918 by Gassner.
(17) Exposure had no effect on synaptically mediated facilitation or on late inhibition which is presumably associated with calcium-activated increases in potassium conductance.
(18) Treatment of bacterial cells with inhibitors of gyrase at high concentration leads to relaxation of DNA supercoils, presumably through interference with the supercoiling activity of gyrase.
(19) Compared with Sheehan's series in England, it was found the incidence of post-partum hypopituitarism in Okayama was presumably less than in England.
(20) In addition, we have shown that long-lived, presumably non-senescent, strains do not arise by suppressor mutation, but lose senescence plasmid DNA by another mechanism.