What's the difference between proof and theorem?

Proof


Definition:

  • (n.) Any effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial.
  • (n.) That degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments that induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration.
  • (n.) The quality or state of having been proved or tried; firmness or hardness that resists impression, or does not yield to force; impenetrability of physical bodies.
  • (n.) Firmness of mind; stability not to be shaken.
  • (n.) A trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination; -- called also proof sheet.
  • (n.) A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Cf. Prove, v. t., 5.
  • (v. t.) Armor of excellent or tried quality, and deemed impenetrable; properly, armor of proof.
  • (a.) Used in proving or testing; as, a proof load, or proof charge.
  • (a.) Firm or successful in resisting; as, proof against harm; waterproof; bombproof.
  • (a.) Being of a certain standard as to strength; -- said of alcoholic liquors.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Now, as the Senate takes up a weakened House bill along with the House's strengthened backdoor-proof amendment, it's time to put focus back on sweeping reform.
  • (2) Immunohistochemical insulin proofs were positive in the peritoneum over a period of 3 months and in the liver up to one year after implantation.
  • (3) Although histologic proof of regression is not available, this experience suggests a more favorable prognosis than previously thought possible.
  • (4) I never accuse a student of plagiarizing unless I have proof, almost always in the form of sources easily found by Googling a few choice phrases.
  • (5) The appearance of plasma cells suggests local maturation of B cells and represents a morphologic proof of local production of immunoglobulins.
  • (6) Sharif Mobley, 30, whose lawyers consider him to be disappeared, managed to call his wife in Philadelphia on Thursday, the first time they had spoken since February and a rare independent proof he is alive since a brief phone call with his mother in July.
  • (7) There is general agreement that suicides are likely to be undercounted, both for structural reasons (the burden-of-proof issue, the requirement that the coroner or medical examiner suspect the possibility of suicide) and for sociocultural reasons.
  • (8) At least Depay departed having had a shot on target, something his manager will probably offer as proof United are improving.
  • (9) And Pippi Longstocking, her most famous character, comes really close to being the personified proof of that… So where did Pippi come from?
  • (10) The data are presented in proof of the existence of different as well as common pathways for virus inhibiting effects of different preparations.
  • (11) Proof of the eye's potent antimicrobial environment was demonstrated.
  • (12) Agüero tried to retreive the situation – proof that City had more than enough finishers on hand to take advantage of momentary Burnley disarray – though, forced away from goal, he shot from a narrow angle and missed the target.
  • (13) These case histories, and very substantial background proof of efficacy and safety, justify treating with CoQ10 patients in failure awaiting transplantation.
  • (14) There's no doubt Twitter is, for those who are into that kind of thing, a first-class social networking medium (the proof: pretty much every other social networking site, including Facebook, has tried to buy it and, having failed, adopted a whole raft of blatantly Twitter-like features of their own).
  • (15) When the Washington Post reports a boom in bullet-proof backpacks for children, it is not a good time to be a resident of a place colloquially known as The Arms.
  • (16) Proof stress, ultimate tensile strength, elongation, and plastic stiffness have been measured and results compared by use of analyses of variance.
  • (17) Jonathan's party and the biggest opposition coalition have traded accusations about who is sponsoring and arming Boko Haram, but none have provided any proof.
  • (18) Many drugs have been proposed although the documentary proof of their efficacy varies.
  • (19) Fielding said: "He [Stewart] mentioned that on the day before the execution, when Allen was visited by his wife for the last time, they were separated by a piece of what was supposed to be bullet-proofed glass.
  • (20) He compared the situation to insider trading or corruption, in which there may not be direct proof of a criminal quid pro quo taking place, but where there is a pattern of behaviour that warrants attention.

Theorem


Definition:

  • (n.) That which is considered and established as a principle; hence, sometimes, a rule.
  • (n.) A statement of a principle to be demonstrated.
  • (v. t.) To formulate into a theorem.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The operational meaning of all the resulting theorems is that when any of them appear to be refuted experimentally, the presence of more than one parallel transport pathway (that is, of membrane heterogeneity transverse to the direction of transport) can be inferred and analyzed.
  • (2) From these, the upper limits of visual acuity were derived on the basis of the assumptions of the sampling theorem.
  • (3) We reviewed the literature on the performance of the blood culture as a diagnostic test and analyzed the data with Bayes' theorem to find the optimal number of cultures to draw.
  • (4) Based upon the sensitivity and specificity, the authors calculated the expected predictive values for different groups of asymptomatic individuals using Bayes' theorem.
  • (5) The prognostic relevances of the characters investigated were tested by Bayes' theorem.
  • (6) The structure of nonverbal communication expressed as eye-contact between two human beings is analyzed using graph-theoretic tools involving a theorem of König on bipartite graphs and various results concerning directed graphs (as in Harary).
  • (7) Based on Bayes' theorem, 'Solubile' uses up to 47 items of information about the patient to produce the most probable diagnosis from 22 possible diseases.
  • (8) Using Monte Carlo methods, we verify an equation derived from O'Connor's scaling theorem relating scatter-primary ratios at small depths and field sizes to those at larger depths and fields.
  • (9) We have extended their work, which is based on logit analysis, to consider, using Bayes' theorem, the influence of the proportion of carcinogens upon the decision rules for declaring a battery result positive or negative.
  • (10) The introduction of this differentiation of histopathologic diagnoses is not just another sophisticated scientific theorem; its practical significance may be seen in a definitive restriction of the application of antirejection therapy, which means a reduction of the risks and side effects imposed on heart-transplanted patients by chemotherapy and particularly by steroid therapy.
  • (11) A theorem about correspondence of the graph constructed and coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of linearized kinetic equations is proved.
  • (12) One depends on solving a set of non-linear simultaneous equations, and the other on Taylor's theorem.
  • (13) It is based on three steps: 1) the search for all possible helical regions relied on a mathematical approach derived from the convolution theorem; it uses a tetradimensional complex vector representation of the bases along the sequence; 2) a 'tree' search for a set of minimum free energy structures, by the aid of an approximate energy evaluation to reduce the computer time requirements; 3) the exact calculation and refinement of the energies.
  • (14) The power is either derived from the Pythagorean Theorem or measured on graph paper.
  • (15) The steady-state solutions (Kirchhoff-Hill theorem) yield expressions for the relationship between the small signal conductance of univalent ions and the concentration of these ions in the external bathing medium (a saturation curve) and for the ionic currents and the steady-state current-voltage curve (N-shaped).
  • (16) In this situation the general principles of decision analysis can be contemplated: the characteristics of the test (sensibility and specificity), the prevalence of the disease and Bayes theorem and the concept of utility.
  • (17) These assumptions are not universally true and it is shown that the theorems can be modified to take account of such deviations.
  • (18) Using Bayes theorem and logistic regression analysis, the effect of changing driver characteristics on the probability of a fatality was explored.
  • (19) It is proposed that that the dual-track theorem generally and the Siamese-twin configuration (with the Moebius-strip twist) specifically offer a unique and useful paradigmatic perspective that allows us to organize and integrate the characteristics and functions of the brain-mind continuum.
  • (20) Total discrimination and divergence are derived from Baye's theorem and based on backward (a posteriori) probabilities.