(n.) The viscid and more or less granular material of vegetable and animal cells, possessed of vital properties by which the processes of nutrition, secretion, and growth go forward; the so-called " physical basis of life;" the original cell substance, cytoplasm, cytoblastema, bioplasm sarcode, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) Fixation with buffered glutaraldehyde resulted in higher counts (P less than 0.01) of proximal protoplasmic droplets (2.47, 1.03, 0.67, and 1.43%, respectively, for glutaraldehyde, Hancock's, Blom's, and formol saline procedures).
(2) Small, diffusely GJP-IR cells were identified ultrastructurally as protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes.
(3) Protoplasmic cylinders contained within such granules frequently were devoid of cell envelopes.
(4) The infected cells treated by this method showed light green fluorescence of the protoplasm, with a dark nucleus, while the intact cells had tile-red cytoplasm.
(5) That T-tubules isolated by disruption of triad junctions are constrained to have the protoplasmic (P) face uniformly exposed was experimentally confirmed.
(6) The morphological change of cerebral cortex astrocytes from protoplasmic to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-containing cells is induced by injury.
(7) Pretreatment of mice by intravenous injection with killed Listeria provided neither delayed-type hypersensitivity to Listeria protoplasm nor protection against Listeria infection.
(8) The greatest motion of protoplasmic droplets was recorded in the caput epididymidis, although the migration of droplets from the proximal section of the connective part of the flagellum towards the distal parts could also be observed as far as in the cauda epididymidis in both animals.
(9) Thus staining techniques that have a propensity for the glial filaments such as antisera to glial fibrillary acidic protein and the gold-chloride method provide only a skeletal outline of the major processes of the protoplasmic astrocyte.
(10) Within this context, we would like to present a case discussion regarding a 27-month-old boy with a hypothalamic-midbrain protoplasmic glioma treated with primary chemotherapy after surgical biopsy and pathologic documentation.
(11) The toxin appears to be protoplasmic and is released into the surrounding environment upon autolysis of the cells.
(12) To improve the definitions, eliminate overlapping diagnostic categories, and sharpen the fuzzy boundaries that contribute substantially to limited reproducibility, we suggest: (1) the categories of astrocytoma nos, fibrillary astrocytoma, and protoplasmic astrocytoma be collapsed into a single category of astrocytoma; (2) the diagnostic category of desmoplastic medulloblastoma be combined with medulloblastoma; and (3) the criteria for anaplasia should be further refined to include quantification of critical histologic features, e.g., agreed upon operational definitions for amount of cell density, number of mitoses and pleomorphism for anaplastic astrocytoma and anaplastic ependymoma.
(13) They mainly concentrate on the membrane protoplasmic surface.
(14) The incompatibility reaction when vegetative or sexual R and V cells fuse is asymmetric: it is induced only in the R protoplasm.
(15) The intramembranous particles in the protoplasmic face of fractured membranes obtained from fresh cells incubated with 1 mM of Ca2+ were more scattered and their density was lower than in control cells.
(16) Morphometric analysis of the outgrowth zone revealed a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of fibroblastic-reactive microglial cells (from 12 to 0%), and a significant increase in the incidence of protoplasmic astrocytic-epithelial cells (from 82 to 96%), for AraC-treated explants compared to controls.
(17) Periplasmic bodies were most prevalent in the regions of the bud scars and were often accommodated within large invaginations in the protoplasmic membrane.
(18) However, electron microscopic immunocytochemical analysis of NG2 immunoreactive cells revealed a cell morphology consistent with that of protoplasmic astrocytes.
(19) (2) It has been shown that in protoplasmic drops the endoplasm-ectoplasm transformation is accompanied by an actin polymerization from the non-filamentous state to F-actin.
(20) These studies are based upon the observation that a number of experimental maneuvers can alter tissue permeability to water, but do not change the number of particle aggregates observed on the protoplasmic face of the granular cell's luminal membrane with freeze-fracture electron microscopy.
Substance
Definition:
(n.) That which underlies all outward manifestations; substratum; the permanent subject or cause of phenomena, whether material or spiritual; that in which properties inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which is apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in distinction from any accident; that which constitutes anything what it is; real or existing essence.
(n.) The most important element in any existence; the characteristic and essential components of anything; the main part; essential import; purport.
(n.) Body; matter; material of which a thing is made; hence, substantiality; solidity; firmness; as, the substance of which a garment is made; some textile fabrics have little substance.
(n.) Material possessions; estate; property; resources.
(n.) Same as Hypostasis, 2.
(v. t.) To furnish or endow with substance; to supply property to; to make rich.
Example Sentences:
(1) No differences between the two substances were observed with respect to side effects and general tolerability.
(2) Modulation of the voltage-gated K+ conductance in T-lymphocytes by substance P was examined.
(3) During the digestion of these radiolabeled bacteria, murine bone marrow macrophages produced low-molecular-weight substances that coeluted chromatographically with the radioactive cell wall marker.
(4) Intracellular localization of the labeled substance in the tumor tissue was examined autohistoradiographically.
(5) Substances with a leaving group at the C-3 position form unsaturated conjugated cyclic adducts and are mutagenic only in the His D3052 frameshift strains with an intact excision repair system (no urvA mutation).
(6) A substance with a chromatographic mobility of Rf = 0.8 on TLC plates having an intact phosphorylcholine head group was also formed but has not yet been identified.
(7) Serum pepsinogen 1, serum gastrin, ABO blood groups, secretor status of ABH blood group substances and behavioral factors were studied in 15 patients with duodenal ulcer and 61 their relatives affected and unaffected to duodenal ulcer.
(8) Agarose-albumin beads may be useful for removing protein-bound substances from the blood of patients with liver failure, intoxication with protein-bound drugs, or specific metabolic deficits.
(9) Urine tests in six patients with other kidney diseases and with uraemia and in seven healthy persons did not show this substance.
(10) Substance P, a potent vasodilating peptide, seems to be released from trigeminal nerve endings in response to nervous stimulation and is involved in the transmission of painful stimuli within the periphery.
(11) Regulators concerned about physician behavior and confronted by demands of nonphysicians to prescribe controlled substances may find EDT a good solution.
(12) These results are discussed in the light of the mode of action of the substances used.
(13) Most cis AB sera have anti-B activity, essentially at 4 degrees C. In saliva A and H substances are found in normal amounts but B substance is only evidenced by inhibition of autologous cells agglutination.
(14) We have investigated some of the factors which affect the retention times of these substances in reversed-phase HPLC on columns of 5-micron octadecylsilyl silica.
(15) The data indicate that adult neurons with an intrinsic ability to regenerate axons can respond to substances with neurotrophic or neurite-promoting activities in tissue cultures.
(16) The authors describe the role played by these substances in the pathogenesis of inflammations, their importance in the regulation of intraocular pressure and in the development of cystoid macular oedema.
(17) They were more irregularly curved and consisted of various substances.
(18) We examined 10 life areas clustered around the general categories of "substance use," "social functioning," and "emotional and interpersonal functioning."
(19) In certain cases, the effects of these substances are enhanced, in others, they are inhibited by compounds that were isolated from natural sources or prepared by chemical synthesis.
(20) The following possible explanations were discussed: a) the tested psychotropic drugs block prostaglandin receptors in the stomach; b) the test substances react with prostaglandin in the nutritive solution; c) the substances stimulate metabolic processes in the stomach wall that break down prostaglandin.