(n.) A definite portion of a manifoldness, limited by a mark or by a boundary.
Example Sentences:
(1) The extreme quenching of the dioxetane chemiluminescence by both microsomes and phosphatidylcholine, as a model phospholipid, implies that despite the low quantum yield (approx.
(2) In 1935, Einstein challenged the prevailing interpretation of quantum theory.
(3) Why Corporate America is reluctant to take a stand on climate action Read more “We have these quantum leaps,” Friedberg said.
(4) The 23Na double-quantum signal was quenched in both the extracellular and the intracellular compartments with increasing concentration of Li in each compartment, along with an increase in the 23Na T1 both intra- and extracellularly.
(5) A sound source is commonly spherical, therefore solutions are found for the wave equation in spherical coordinates, giving a precise meaning to the 'azimuthal' and 'magnetic quantum number' analogy.
(6) However, from the results of the second study, which included a control group, it was clearly seen that the quantum of boosting or sensitizing effect of the first test as well as that of new sensitization was small over a period of 3-6 months.
(7) The quantum leap in integration being mulled will not save Greece, rescue Spain's banks, sort out Italy, or fix the euro crisis in the short term.
(8) The fluorescence quantum yield of I in acetonitrile is 0.12 at the emission maximum of 448 nm.
(9) Finally, the estimate of the photochemical activity of P-700, based upon the measured fluorescence quantum yield and upon the measured nonradiative losses of excitation energy, was done.
(10) Semiemperical quantum chemical calculations have been applied to study the reaction mechanism and mode of inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.
(11) Americans Stuart Freedman and Jon Clauser and French physicist Alain Aspect were the first to verify quantum entanglement experimentally.
(12) The quantum yield of noncyclic photophosphorylation in chloroplasts excited by a series of 8 mus flashes of the saturating intensity displays a two-fold decrease when the flash-frequency is reduced from about 1.1 to about 0.8 s-1, whereas further decrease of flash frequency does not affect the average ATP yield per flash.
(13) Absolute quantum yields of 1O2 formation by the conjugates have been determined.
(14) The good quantum yield coupled with convenient emission lines in the mercury spectrum allows photographic exposure time of fluorescent labelled sections to be reduced to a quarter of that required for a corresponding FITC conjugate.
(15) Shot noise analysis indicated that a combination of intense light and La3+ caused a large (down to zero) reduction in the rate of occurrence of the quantal responses to single photons (quantum bumps) which sum to produce the photoreceptor potential.
(16) Complete assignments were obtained for the backbone 1H, 15N and 13C resonances, using three-dimensional heteronuclear 1H NOE 1H-15N multiple-quantum coherence spectroscopy (3D-NOESY-HMQC) and three-dimensional heteronuclear total correlation 1H-15N multiple-quantum coherence spectroscopy (3D-TOCSY-HMQC) experiments on 15N-enriched HPr and an additional three-dimensional triple-resonance 1HN-15N-13C alpha correlation spectroscopy (HNCA) experiment on 13C, 15N-enriched HPr.
(17) Two technical developments, the advent of supercomputing as a routine tool in quantum solid-state material science and molecular dynamics on the one hand, and molecular biology on the other hand, have created--perhaps for the first time-the possibility of directly linking a more realistic description of the radiation field to observable events at biomolecular level.
(18) The structures of the new compounds were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods, including two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR) techniques, especially 1H-detected heteronuclear multiple-bond multiple-quantum coherence.
(19) The constancy of the lifetime-normalized phosphorescence yield with apoazurin and with Trp-314 in alcohol dehydrogenase establishes that the intersystem crossing quantum yield is practically unaffected across the temperature range.
(20) They are calibrated or tested against a large body of experimental data, including extended basis set ab initio, quantum mechanical calculations, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data and dipole moment data for di- and oligopeptides, characteristic ratio data for random coil homopolypeptides, extensive data from peptide solubility studies, and experimental structures of polyalanine fibres and globular proteins.
Singlet
Definition:
(n.) An unlined or undyed waistcoat; a single garment; -- opposed to doublet.
Example Sentences:
(1) Quantitative singlet-singlet energy-transfer measurements were carried out to determine changes in the distance between the two Met-84 H4 sites within the same nucleosome following conformational transitions which we have reported earlier.
(2) In neutral or basic aqueous solution guanine, guanosine, deoxyguanosine, guanylic acid, deoxyguanylic acid, thymine, and uracil reacted with singlet oxygen.
(3) This broad singlet does not appear to be a tyrosyl radical.
(4) The ESR spectrum exhibited a singlet (g = 2.0021) with a 5.4-G peak-to-peak linewidth.
(5) While hydroxyl radicals produce DNA strand breaks and sites of base loss (AP sites) in high yield and react with all four bases of DNA, singlet oxygen generates predominantly modified guanine residues and few strand breaks and AP sites.
(6) These changes are detected by variations in the rate of decay of the excited singlet state of pyrene after pulsation with a 10-nsec ruby laser flash.
(7) This has been demonstrated using a separated-surface-sensitizer system for generating chemically pure singlet oxygen, eliminating most of the complications that arise with singlet oxygen generation by conventional photosensitization.
(8) Since all the sulfhydryl groups of beta-crystallin are known to be exposed on the surface of the protein (Andley et al, 1982, Biochemistry 21, 1853), these results suggest that the pronounced changes in conformation of beta-crystallin by singlet oxygen may be due to a rapid loss of the protein tertiary structure by oxidation of the sulfhydryl groups.
(9) The quantum yields for singlet oxygen formation via energy transfer from triplet alpha-terthienyl have been obtained from time-resolved measurements of its IR phosphorescence: these yields are in the 0.6-0.8 range in non-polar and polar (hydroxylic and non-hydroxylic) solvents.
(10) Attempts with various chemical sources of singlet oxygen to determine whether this species inactivates DNA did not give an unequivocal answer.
(11) The near IR emission at 1270 nm following pulsed laser excitation of methylene blue in deuterium oxide, was used to study the interaction of a singlet molecular oxygen (1O2) with (i) 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its oxidation products, and (ii) biosubstrates of relevance in Parkinson's disease.
(12) This differs from results obtained with native enzyme, where pterin acts as a sensitizer via efficient singlet-singlet energy transfer to FADH2.
(13) Chemiluminescence appears to result from a side reaction involving singlet oxygen attack on the alpha-methene bridge, yielding a dioxetane.
(14) In acetonitrile, diphenylamine was oxidized by singlet oxygen to form N-phenyl-p-benzoquinonimine.
(15) This information combined with the fluorescence quantum yield data account for the low values for singlet oxygen production.
(16) Other roles of carnosine, such as chelation of metal ions, quenching of singlet oxygen, and binding of hydroperoxides, are also discussed.
(17) Tests for the ability of singlet oxygen to induce lambda prophage in E. coli K12 also proved negative.
(18) The light-dependent reaction appears to be mediated by singlet oxygen.
(19) Superoxide anion (O-2) and singlet oxygen (1O2) were estimated but undetectable during the dopa-tyrosinase reaction.
(20) Evidence is presented for three mechanisms of inhibition by extendible nucleotides (of dhp and ara types) exhibiting frequent internalization: araATP acted as a simple pseudoterminator of alpha and beta polymerases, but was easily extended past singlet sites by Herpesviridae polymerases and only stalled at sites requiring two or more araATP insertions in a row.