What's the difference between quaternary and quaternion?
Quaternary
Definition:
(a.) Consisting of four; by fours, or in sets of four.
(a.) Later than, or subsequent to, the Tertiary; Post-tertiary; as, the Quaternary age, or Age of man.
(n.) The number four.
(n.) The Quaternary age, era, or formation. See the Chart of Geology.
Example Sentences:
(1) The quaternary structure of ribonucleotide reductase of Escherichia coli was investigated, with the use of purified B1 and B2 proteins and bifunctional cross-linking agents.
(2) The sensitivity of an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test (screening test) for the detection of antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) was examined by using 128 serum specimens and quaternary aminoethyl (QAE)-Sephadex A50 column chromatography to separate IgM from IgG class antibodies.
(3) Modifications in quaternary structure induced by variation of these physicochemical parameters were followed by means of X-ray and quasi-elastic light-scattering and quantified in terms of weight average molecular weight (M), radius of gyration (Rg) and hydrodynamic radius (Rh).
(4) These features of the new quaternary structure, denoted Y, may therefore be representative of quaternary states that occur transiently along pathways between the normal unliganded, T, and liganded, R, hemoglobin structures.
(5) On the other hand, the lack of any twitch-potentiating effect by naloxone methylbromide, a quaternary derivative of naloxone, suggests that opioids which potentiate the twitch must enter the lipid phase of the membrane to act.
(6) Two additional quaternary ammonium compounds, tetraethylammonium and N1-methylnicotinamide, were not significantly bound to either tissue.
(7) These effects are due to residual silanols on the surface of the column material and may be remedied by adding suitable amines or quaternary ammonium ions to the eluent as anti-tailing agents.
(8) A quantitative thin layer chromatographic (TLC) method has been developed for determination of the antiarrhythmic quaternary ammonium compound N,N-bis (phenylcarbamoyl methyl) dimethylammonium chloride (QX-572) in biological materials.
(9) While currently available antiarrhythmic agents fail to achieve the desired effect, the recent evidence dealing with the quaternary ammonium derivatives of propranolol, lidocaine, and bretylium provides some hope for the future development of drugs with antiarrhythmic as well as antifibrillatory properties which may provide a therapeutic approach to the prevention of SCD.
(10) In case of non hydrolyzing salts, the quaternary ammonium bromide salts it could not surely be proved by the applied methods whether primary ion exchange had been followed by secondary ion exchange or only primary ion exchange had occurred.
(11) Naloxone methobromide (naloxone MB), a quaternary compound, was also effective in antagonising this effect of nalbuphine but was less effective than naloxone hydrochloride.
(12) Temperature, protein tertiary and quaternary structure, chain heterogeneity, and ligand rebinding subsequent to CO photolysis all affect the line width and position of this transition.
(13) Iodine-containing solutions and quaternary ammonium compounds rarely sensitize.
(14) Administration of the quaternary derivative, neostigmine, indicated that the effects of scopolamine at 22 days were probably central in origin.
(15) The relationships between thermodynamic quantities in a quaternary system of electrolytes are discussed in Appendix 2.
(16) Liquid crystals possess high density packing of DNA molecules complexed with quaternary ammonium salt of oligomer-25 conidin.
(17) Its quaternary dimethyl derivative, designated as pranolium was firstly prepared by Lucchesi.
(18) On the basis of these structural studies, we discuss the relationships between the conformational differences in the allosteric site and the small changes in the quaternary structure within the T form to the possible mechanisms for CTP inhibition and ATP activation.
(19) N,N-dimethylanatoxin (DMAnTX), the quaternary derivative of the potent nicotinic agonist (+)-anatoxin-a (AnTX), has been evaluated for potency and efficacy at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of frog motor endplates and Torpedo electric organs.
(20) Reaction of the thiol reagent 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Nbs2) with the brain-specific protein S-100 favours stabilization of the quaternary structure of the protein via disulfide bond formation.
Quaternion
Definition:
(n.) The number four.
(n.) A set of four parts, things, or person; four things taken collectively; a group of four words, phrases, circumstances, facts, or the like.
(n.) A word of four syllables; a quadrisyllable.
(n.) The quotient of two vectors, or of two directed right lines in space, considered as depending on four geometrical elements, and as expressible by an algebraic symbol of quadrinomial form.
(v. t.) To divide into quaternions, files, or companies.
Example Sentences:
(1) During visually guided movements, arm follows gaze, and the nine-dimensional rotatory configuration space for eye-head-arm-synergies (three degrees of freedom for each system) is reduced to a two-dimensional plane in the space of quaternion vectors.
(2) Many testable predictions made by quaternion models also turn up in models based on other mathematics.
(3) Quaternion models predict that eye position is represented on four channels in the oculomotor system: three for the vector components of eye position and one inversely related to gaze eccentricity and torsion.
(4) The four-component rotational operators called quaternions, which represent eye rotations in terms of their axes and angles, have several advantages over other representations of eye position (such as Fick coordinates): they provide easy computations, symmetry, a simple form for Listing's law, and useful three-dimensional plots of eye movements.
(5) In other words, angular eye positions in space (expressed as quaternions) were constrained to a two-dimensional surface.
(6) Findings 1 and 3 show that saccadic control signals accurately reflect the properties of three-dimensional rotations, as predicted by a new quaternion model of the saccadic system; models that approximate rotational kinematics using vectorial addition and integration do not predict these findings.
(7) Tweed and Vilis (Journal of Neurophysiology, 58, 832-849, 1987) have argued that quaternion algebra provides the most appropriate description of the rotations of the eye, and have derived a three-dimensional model of gaze control based on quaternion operations.
(8) A canonical unitary representation of the Euclidean group on the range space of the Gabor transform is constructed from mathematical properties of the Euclidean group and the quaternions.
(9) The positions of the arm in space were described by quaternion vectors, i.e., a particular position was described in terms of the axis and amplitude of a rotation from a reference position to that position.
(10) In this paper we present algorithms for computing eye position quaternions and eye angular velocity (not the derivative of position in three dimensions) from two search coils (not necessarily orthogonal) on one eye in two or three magnetic fields, and for locating primary position using quaternions.
(11) In our three-dimensional models, we represent eye position using four-component rotational operators called quaternions.