What's the difference between quench and quencher?
Quench
Definition:
(v. t.) To extinguish; to overwhelm; to make an end of; -- said of flame and fire, of things burning, and figuratively of sensations and emotions; as, to quench flame; to quench a candle; to quench thirst, love, hate, etc.
(v. t.) To cool suddenly, as heated steel, in tempering.
(v. i.) To become extinguished; to go out; to become calm or cool.
Example Sentences:
(1) The extreme quenching of the dioxetane chemiluminescence by both microsomes and phosphatidylcholine, as a model phospholipid, implies that despite the low quantum yield (approx.
(2) The drug is extracted from serum or urine with ethyl acetate, separated by TLC, and determined by fluorescence quenching densitometry.
(3) Formation of a complex between alpha-tocopherol or its analogues in the excited state and fatty acids or their hydroperoxides has been suggested basing on the fluorescence quenching experimental data.
(4) Quenching of intrinsic fluorescence of (Ca2+-Mg2+)-ATPase by acrylamide, performed in the presence of Ca2+, gave evidence for a single class of tryptophan residues with Stern-Volmer constant (KSV) of 10 M-1.
(5) The 23Na double-quantum signal was quenched in both the extracellular and the intracellular compartments with increasing concentration of Li in each compartment, along with an increase in the 23Na T1 both intra- and extracellularly.
(6) Binding increases the fluorescence intensity of Tyr-49 by 130% while the fluorescence of the hormone tyrosine is almost completely quenched.
(7) Addition of 2,6-dimethylbenzoquinone caused quenching of these absorbance changes.
(8) These observations lead to the hypothesis that acidosis quenches fluorescence in distal skin flaps.
(9) The degree of quenching was accurately predicted by a simple relation derived in this paper, as well as a more complex equation previously developed by Tweet, et al.
(10) Subtilin may slightly enter the hydrophobic core as suggested by tryptophan fluorescence quenching and liposome fusion experiments.
(11) Greater than 99% of the polymerization reaction products were quenched by the addition of 2.0 mM ascorbate.
(12) Acoustic probe-based assays can enhance assay and laboratory efficiency through testing for multiple analytes in a single sample or increasing available binding surface area (by using probe and well surfaces simultaneously), and by eliminating quenching.
(13) The second-order rate constants appear to be at least 3 orders of magnitude lower than the second-order constants for quenching of the fluorescent probes; this is taken as a clear indication that ubiquinone diffusion is not the rate-determining step in the quinone-enzyme interaction.
(14) Accessibility to iodide was much lower, as was the rate of quenching by iodide, adding support to the conclusions from acrylamide quenching.
(15) An ATP-dependent, N-ethylmaleimide-inhibitable, 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide-reversible, and chloride-attenuated quench of bis(1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid-(5] pentamethinoxonol fluorescence was seen, consistent with net transfer of positive charge into the vesicles.
(16) Quenching data indicated that five out of 22 tryptophans in CBH are surface-localized and are available for quenching with both KI and acrylamide, and three other tryptophans are buried and are available only to acrylamide.
(17) Acid quenching of a stiochiometric reaction between Ac(= S)CoA and citrate synthase following the transient quantitatively regenerates Ac(= S)CoA, indicating carbon-carbon bond formation had not yet occurred.
(18) The pulsed laser photolysis products of the charge-transfer quenching reaction were examined.
(19) The highest yield of amino acids with the quench reaction was 9 x 10-7 molecules per erg of input energy.
(20) Tris-washed chloroplast enriched in the photosystem II reaction center species Z+Q- and ZQ- are nearly four times more sensitive to nitrobenzene quenching than those enriched in Z+Q.
Quencher
Definition:
(n.) One who, or that which, quenches.
Example Sentences:
(1) The carotenoid lycopene was the most efficient 1O2 quencher (kq + kr = 31 x 10(9) M-1 s-1).
(2) The spin-labeled phospholipids serve as quenchers of tryptophan fluorescence.
(3) The assay involves the fluorophore 1-aminonaphthalene-3,6,8-trisulfonic acid (ANTS) and its quencher N,N'-p-xylylenebis(pyridinium bromide) (DPX).
(4) By using TNBS (trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid) as a distance control quencher, the two probes were located in the outer shell of LDL.
(5) These data suggest that both fluorophores are poorly accessible to the external anionic contact quencher but that an unchanged quencher, while larger, is still better able to penetrate the enzyme's active site.
(6) Plots of (kqapp)-1 vs. alpha L of the liposomes yielded the overall bimolecular quenching rate constant kq of each quencher.
(7) Quenching due to nitroxide stearates reveals a static component, due to binding of quencher molecules to protein, superimposed upon a diffusion-limited component.
(8) Treatment with chymotrypsin to block the E1 to E2 transition results in a new set of quenching parameters which are unchanged with Na or K. Even after detergent denaturation (1% sodium dodecyl sulfate for 30 min), Stern-Volmer plots are nonlinear, and a significant fraction of tryptophan residues remain inaccessible to quencher.
(9) At low quencher concentrations, the quenching follows the classical Stern-Volmer law.
(10) Acrylamide, a water-soluble fluorescence quencher with a very low capacity to penetrate through phospholipid bilayers, had very low quenching efficiency.
(11) Since the apoenzyme does not exhibit tryptophan accessibility to either positive or negative ionic quenchers, one must assume that the "unfolded" monomeric protein retains considerable tertiary structure.
(12) beta-Carotene, in addition to being an efficient quencher of singlet oxygen, can also function as a radical-trapping antioxidant.
(13) The distribution of these probes between two different populations of lipid vesicles can be readily monitored by fluorescence intensity measurements, as described by Nichols and Pagano [Nichols, J. W., & Pagano, R. E. (1982) Biochemistry 21, 1720-1726], when one of the vesicle populations contains a low mole fraction of a nonexchangeable quencher, (12-DABS)-18-PC.
(14) On the other hand, we were able to confirm the relative specificity of other quenchers: taurine for CIO-, benzoate for OH.
(15) The structures of the two forms were further characterized by measuring tryptophan fluorescence emissions and their quenching with ionic (iodide) and neutral (acrylamide) quenchers.
(16) As a means of eliminating the necessity of oxygen depletion during AMT and UVA treatment, we examined the effects of the addition of quenchers of reactive oxygen species.
(17) Kinetic studies of the HA-sensitized photooxidation of bilirubin IX alpha (BR) in different solvents in the presence of various active oxygen quenchers indicate that in aprotic solvents the photooxidation goes via a Type II (1O2) mechanism, whereas in alkaline protic solvents Type I (electron transfer from an excited state of HA to the ground state of oxygen or the BR substrate).
(18) In addition, quenching experiments demonstrated a shielding of the tryptophan fluorescence from quenching by the aqueous quenchers iodide and acrylamide upon interaction of the signal peptide with lipid vesicles, a shielding in the case of acrylamide that was more pronounced in the presence of negatively charged lipids.
(19) A freeze-quench apparatus has two main parts: the apparatus which mixes the reactants and after a set time sprays the reacting mixture into the quencher, and the quenching apparatus itself.
(20) We obtained consistent results with all the fluorophores and quenchers indicating that up to 18 neighboring acyl sites can contribute to quenching, corresponding to two shells of acyl sites on a hexagonal lattice.