(n.) A glucoside extracted from the bark of the oak (Quercus) as a bitter citron-yellow crystalline substance, used as a pigment and called quercitron.
Example Sentences:
(1) Further, quercetin and quercitrin elevated the intracellular level of cAMP, whereas hesperidin and rutin did not alter the cAMP level.
(2) The known quercetin glycosides, quercetin 3-gentiobioside, isoquercitrin, quercitrin, together with the known kaempferol glycosides, astragalin and afzelin, were also characterized.
(3) Among the flavonoids tested, quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, chrysin, quercitrin, and morin were potent inhibitors of xanthine oxidase; their inhibition rates (%) were 80, 70, 69, 62, 59, and 51 at 100 microM (except chrysin at 50 microM), respectively.
(4) There was remarkable variation of contents of quercitrin among the plants on different host trees.
(5) Rutin and quercitrin are hydrolysed to quercetin, and robinin is hydrolysed to kaempferol, by faecal flora from healthy subjects.
(6) Cytosolic and microsomal metyrapone reducing enzymes are distinguished by their inhibitor sensitivity to phenobarbitone and quercitrin and thus can be characterized as aldehyde and ketone reductases according to the inhibitor subclassification of the aldo-keto reductase family.
(7) Four chemical constituents were isolated from the stems and leaves of Illicium dunnianum: beta-sitosterol (I), 1-triacontanal (II), quercitrin (III) and shikimic acid (IV), and identified on the basis of spectral analysis.
(8) Among them, 1 showed the highest inhibitory activity, being about 6 times more potent than quercitrin, which is a known natural inhibitor of AR.
(9) It is believed that the therapeutic action of quercitrin could be caused by restoration of local circulation deranged in animal sensitization.
(10) Cell-free preparations (fecal preparations) from these cultures were then incubated with rutin or quercitrin.
(11) Six compounds have been isolated from the leaves of Euphorbia hirta and identified as gallic acid, quercitrin, myricitriu, 3,4-di-O-galloylquinic acid, 2,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-D-glucose and 1,2,3,4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose on the basis of physicochemical and spectroscopic methods.
(12) The flavonoids quercetin, quercitrin (quercetin-3-L-rhamnoside) and apigenin exhibit antiviral activity against these herpesviruses, and acyclovir is currently one of the most effective antiherpetic agents.
(13) The KI's for quercitrin and NAP-HEX-Q, both non-competitive inhibitors, are 0.6 uM and 0.5 uM, respectively.
(14) Quercetin, quercitrin, and myricitrin are significantly more potent than the previously known aldose reductase inhibitors.
(15) Quercetin, morin, kaempferol, fisetin, myricetin, quercitrin and rutin were mutagenic in the histidine reversion system with the frameshift strain TA98.
(16) Previously, these compounds and other polyphenols were assayed as in vitro antioxidants by their abilities to inhibit the tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH)-initiated chemiluminescence of mouse liver homogenates, and the IC50 (microM) values were as follows: (+)-catechin, 3; eriodyctiol, 9; myricetin and 4,2',4'-trihydroxy-6'-metoxychalcone, 15; 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 20; isochlorogenic acid, 30; caffeic acid, 5,6,3'-trihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone and cynarin, 50; chlorogenic acid and apigenin, 150; quercetin, pedalitin, sylimarin and quercetin-3-methyl ester, 200; 7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavonone and kaempferol-3,7-dirhamnoside, 500; quercitrin, 900; and galangin-3-methyl ether, genkwanin, hesperidin, ombuoside, phloridzin, quinic acid, rhoifolin, rutin and sophoricoside, greater than 1 mM.
(17) Human fecal cultures, induced with either of the flavonols, quercitrin or rutin, were grown in the presence of various concentrations of chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid or cholic acid.
(18) The enzyme activity was inhibited by 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, N-ethylmaleimide, iodoacetamide, dicumarol, quercitrin, and disulfirum.
(19) Minor positive or negative effects were obtained with quercitrin, protocatechuic acid, grass juice, anethole and agaricinic acid.
(20) The known flavonoids quercitrin, quercetin, myricitrin and myricetin were found to be responsible for the xanthine oxidase inhibitory action of the plant extract.
Rutin
Definition:
(n.) A glucoside resembling, but distinct from, quercitrin. Rutin is found in the leaves of the rue (Ruta graveolens) and other plants, and obtained as a bitter yellow crystalline substance which yields quercitin on decomposition.
Example Sentences:
(1) Among them, the coumarins, rutins, Centella asiatica extracts, procyanoside oligomers are the most prescribed.
(2) Embryonic tissues and cells of the chicken were treated with a coumarin-rutin derivative preparation (Venalot).
(3) Further, quercetin and quercitrin elevated the intracellular level of cAMP, whereas hesperidin and rutin did not alter the cAMP level.
(4) Controlled experiments confirmed the therapeutic usefulness in gynecology of a phlebokinetic drug, in which EPL (polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine) was combined with escine and rutine.
(5) The other drugs tested--levamisole, Reparil and Venoruton--although also of some benefit in treatment of this oedema, did not approach the overall effectiveness of coumarin of sodium-rutin-sulphate.
(6) Rutin has no effect on the pathological process in the cheek pouch, and arrests the first phase of inflammation in the foot.
(7) Quercetin and rutin were found to inhibit NADPH and CCl4-dependent LPO in rat liver microsomes, however, in the case of CCl4-dependent LPO, rutin had a very poor antioxidant effect.
(8) Inhibitory effects of flavonoids rutin and quercetin on ferrous ion-dependent lipid peroxidation of lecithin liposomes and NADPH- and CCl4-dependent lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes were studied to elucidate the chelating and free radical scavenging activities of these compounds.
(9) In contrast, the proliferative response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) tends to decline with age, and a significant decrease is observed in the mitogenic response to rutin-bovine serum albumin (R-BSA).
(10) In these three systems, tested compounds scavenge superoxide anion radicals or inhibit lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner, and it was shown that rutin was the most potent radical scavenger, followed by ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol.
(11) In some cases exposure to xenobiotics (e.g., cyclamate, rutin) results in metabolic adaptation and increased biotransformation of the foreign compound.
(12) The 6-methoxyflavones hispidulin and eupafolin have been identified for the first time from the aerial parts of Eupatorium cannabinum L. The presence of the previously known flavonol glycosides astragalin, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, hyperoside, isoquercitrin and rutin could be confirmed.
(13) The effects of rutin-N-mustard, amantadine-N-mustard, chlorpromazine and human interferon types alpha, beta and gamma (IFN-alpha, -beta and -gamma) were studied on the DNA, RNA and protein synthesis of K-562 cells.
(14) Flavonoids with polar substitution in 3,5,7-position such as rutin on the other hand showed activating properties.
(15) Pyrazole, progesterone and phenobarbital did not inhibit, whereas dicoumarol, rutin and indomethacin inhibited NQR activity in murine skin and liver as well as in human keratinocytes.
(16) Quercetin is significantly more potent than three other related compounds (rutin, rutin sulfate and troxerutin) and than methimazole, a previously-known myeloperoxidase inhibitor.
(17) The aglycone flavonoids dose-dependently inhibited snake venom phospholipase A2 but the glycosides hypolaetin-8-glucoside and rutin were inactive.
(18) Dependence upon faecalase treatment for detection of mutagenicity was evaluated concurrently with HPLC analysis of the flavonoids rutin and quercetin.
(19) The micellar thin layer chromatographic behaviours of rutin, quercetin and morin were studied.
(20) The concentration values yielding 50% inhibition of lipid peroxidation in mouse liver homogenate were in order of 10(-6) M for quercetin, rutin, and morin; and of 10(-5) M for acacetin and hispidulin, while naringin and hesperidin had no antioxidative action.