(n.) Any one of several species of venomous American snakes belonging to the genera Crotalus and Caudisona, or Sistrurus. They have a series of horny interlocking joints at the end of the tail which make a sharp rattling sound when shaken. The common rattlesnake of the Northern United States (Crotalus horridus), and the diamond rattlesnake of the South (C. adamanteus), are the best known. See Illust. of Fang.
Example Sentences:
(1) It’s unthinkable that they wouldn’t do that.” The Saw ride at Thorpe Park in Surrey and the Dragon’s Fury and Rattlesnake rollercoasters at Chessington World of Adventures, also in Surrey, have also been shut down by Merlin Entertainments, which owns all three parks.
(2) A history of dessicated rattlesnake ingestion as a "natural" remedy in either capsule or powder form was obtained in all but one of the 7 patients.
(3) Middle ear morphology and behavioural observations of kangaroo rats jumping vertically to avoid predation by owls and rattlesnakes support this view.
(4) Explanations of these results have included accelerated evolution in the snake lineage, paralogy rather than orthology, and faulty determination of the sequence, and the rattlesnake is now often omitted from cytochrome c phylogenetic trees.
(5) The venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus was originally reported to have a pathophysiological activity mainly involving hemolysis and neurotoxicity.
(6) The most interesting results of single gene phylogenies have been the anomalies, such as insulin in hystricomorphs or cytochrome c in the rattlesnake.
(7) Review of the literature disclosed three additional cases of extragastrointestinal S arizona infection linked to rattlesnake capsule ingestion, all associated with underlying medical illness.
(8) The most significant differences from PLA2 s from bovine pancreas and rattlesnake occur in the stretches 56-80 and 85-89.
(9) The sequence of two overlapping cDNA clones for the zinc metalloproteinase hemorrhagic toxin e (also known as atrolysin e, EC 3.4.24.44) from the venom gland of Crotalus atrox, the Western diamondback rattlesnake, is presented.
(10) Of 39 rattlesnake (Crotalus and Sistrurus) bites, 20 patients received antivenin (53%), but of 23 copperhead and water moccasin (Agkistrodon) bites, only three patients (12.5%) received antivenin (p = 0.0025).
(11) Three Hispanic patients at our institution developed extragastrointestinal Salmonella arizona infection associated with the ingestion of rattlesnake capsules.
(12) The venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus was first reported to have mainly haemolytic and neurotoxic physiopathological activities.
(13) We report a simple method for the isolation of gyroxin, a protein from the venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus.
(14) Nevertheless, the rattlesnakes continued to exhibit behavioral responses to thermal cues after anesthetization of the pits.
(15) Intracompartmental pressure measurements should be considered as an adjunct in the monitoring and decision-making processes for the treatment of patients bitten by rattlesnakes.
(16) The histology and development of three extensive glands in the porocephalid pentastomid Porocephalus crotali is described by light and electron microscopy, during growth of the parasite to an infective stage in the tissues of mouse; the infective stage in rattlesnake definitive hosts is also included.
(17) We describe an apparatus for immobilization of the rattlesnake head for brain experimentation.
(18) The effects of crotoxin, the neurotoxin of the venom of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus), was studied by using the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparation of the guinea pig ileum.
(19) Fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry was used to identify a new small myotoxin from the venom of the prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis viridis).
(20) Three hemorrhagic toxins with proteolytic activity were isolated from the venom of Crotalus ruber ruber (red rattlesnake).
Viper
Definition:
(a.) Any one of numerous species of Old World venomous makes belonging to Vipera, Clotho, Daboia, and other genera of the family Viperidae.
(a.) A dangerous, treacherous, or malignant person.
Example Sentences:
(1) The potential use of ancrod, a purified isolate from the venom of the Malaysian pit viper, Agkistrodon rhodostoma, in decreasing the frequency of cyclic flow variations in severely stenosed canine coronary arteries and causing thrombolysis of an acute coronary thrombus induced by a copper coil was evaluated.
(2) Phospholipase A2 has been purified from the venom of Horned viper (Cerastes cerastes) by gel permeation chromatography followed by reverse-phase HPLC.
(3) Adrenal gland is studied histologically in the common krait, the cobra and the viper.
(4) The protease from Russell's viper venom that activates Factor V was purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150 and ion exchange column chromatography on sulfopropyl (SP)-Sephadex C-50.
(5) An analogy between pit viper envenomization and Adriamycin infiltration is discussed.
(6) Merogony took place in the pulmonary endothelial cells and in the parenchyma cells of the liver and spleen of the infected vipers.
(7) Viper #149 was inoculated orally by stomach tube with 5.0 X 10(4) sporulated oocysts of C. simplex obtained from the feces of an Ottoman viper, V. x. xanthina and began passing unsporulated oocysts of C. simplex 121 days post-inoculation (DPI).
(8) Haffkine antivenom thus has limited efficacy against systemic poisoning by Russell's viper in Sri Lanka.
(9) Both factor Va, activated by thrombin or by the factor V activator from Russell's viper venom, and the isolated fragments, D (Mr = 105,000), C1 (Mr = 150,000), and F1F2 (Mr = 72,000), were studied.
(10) Its infamous clubs – The Viper Room, Whisky A Go Go – are the backdrops for a thousand rock memoirs; its vertiginous hills contain more celebrity homes per square mile than anywhere else in the world.
(11) PT), kaolin clotting time (KCT), contact product clotting time (CPCT), and Russell viper venom clotting time (RVVCT) tests.
(12) Plasma from these animals, when injected into 10 recipients, specifically raised Factor X levels when measured by four different assay: one-stage assay with bovine VII- and X-deficient plasma and Russell's viper venom; one-stage assay with human X-deficient plasma and thromboplastin; chromogenic substrate assay with Russell's viper venom; and an immunologic assay (Laurell technique).
(13) In our study of 60 consecutive patients, we found the frequency of the lupus anticoagulant by Russell viper venom time was 6.7% (95% confidence interval, 16.2 to 1.8) and by anticardiolipin antibody assay was 25% (95% Cl, 37.0 to 15.7), compared with 0% (p = not significant) and 2.5% (p = 0.002), respectively, in the normal control population.
(14) Comparison of the alpha-chains with those of the Viper (Vipera aspis) shows 66 amino-acid substitutions.
(15) Sumatran pit viper (Trimeresurus sumatranus sumatranus) venom was fractionated by DEAE-Sephacel ion exchange chromatography into seven fractions.
(16) The contribution of disseminated fibrin clot formation to the pathogenesis of canine endotoxin shock was explored in control dogs and in those defibrinated with a purified fraction of Malayan pit viper venom.
(17) Evolutionary conservation of members of the NGF family in vertebrates was studied by DNA sequence analysis of PCR fragments for NGF, BDNF, and NT-3 from human, rat, chicken, viper, Xenopus, salmon, and ray.
(18) Four other phospholipases A2--from venoms of Russell viper, Crotalus adamanteus, and bee, and from pig pancreas--are unaffected by 50 micrometer indomethacin, which inhibits leukocyte phospholipase A2 by 70%.
(19) Kinetic studies showed that activation of factor IX KWC by factor X activator from Russell's viper venom (RVV-X) was normal, whereas activation by factor XIa was defective.
(20) We determined the complete amino acid sequence of RVV-X, the blood coagulation factor X activating enzyme, isolated from Russell's viper venom and studied structure-function relationships.