(superl.) Not altered from its natural state; not prepared by the action of heat; as, raw sienna; specifically, not cooked; not changed by heat to a state suitable for eating; not done; as, raw meat.
(superl.) Hence: Unprepared for use or enjoyment; immature; unripe; unseasoned; inexperienced; unpracticed; untried; as, raw soldiers; a raw recruit.
(superl.) Not worked in due form; in the natural state; untouched by art; unwrought.
(superl.) Not distilled; as, raw water
(superl.) Not spun or twisted; as, raw silk or cotton
(superl.) Not mixed or diluted; as, raw spirits
(superl.) Not tried; not melted and strained; as, raw tallow
(superl.) Not tanned; as, raw hides
(superl.) Not trimmed, covered, or folded under; as, the raw edge of a piece of metal or of cloth.
(superl.) Not covered; bare.
(superl.) Bald.
(superl.) Deprived of skin; galled; as, a raw sore.
(superl.) Sore, as if by being galled.
(superl.) Disagreeably damp or cold; chilly; bleak; as, a raw wind.
(n.) A raw, sore, or galled place; a sensitive spot; as, to touch one on the raw.
Example Sentences:
(1) Multiple stored energy levels were randomly tested and the percent successful defibrillation was plotted against the stored energy, and the raw data were fit by logistic regression.
(2) We previously established that the binding constant (Ka) of this receptor site for the chemically synthesized model AGE, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H- imidazole-butyric acid (FFI-BA), on cells of the mouse macrophagelike cell line RAW 264.7 is identical to that for AGE proteins.
(3) We studied the effect of a 2-hour exposure to 0.6 ppm of ozone on bronchial reactivity in 8 healthy, nonsmoking subjects by measuring the increase in airway resistance (Raw) produced by inhalation of histamine diphosphate aerosol (1.6 per cent, 10 breaths).
(4) It was also established that the Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from raw cow milk did not refer to the European serotypes 0:3 and 0:9 that were pathogenic for humans.
(5) On raw music scores a sex-linked, time-of-day-induced priming effect was due to the prior presentation of CVs--that is, cognitive priming.
(6) The norms are reported as "Scaled Score Equivalents of Raw Scores" for each age group and as "IQ Equivalents of Sums of Scaled Scores."
(7) Admirable, but will destroying ivory get that message through to poachers, ivory traffickers and the workshops in east Asia and elsewhere that buy smuggled raw ivory?
(8) Samples of raw cereals imported in Italy and of other foodstuffs that can be treated with bromine-containing fumigants were analysed for the total bromide content.
(9) Instead, they say, we should only eat plenty of lean meat and fish, with fruit and raw vegetables on the side.
(10) The report paints a picture characterised too often by international indifference, even over the collection and distribution of the raw data on migrant deaths.
(11) Raw Target RSM was force fed to 12 hens which were killed after varying time intervals (15 min., 30 min., 60 min.)
(12) Raw milk consumption, since it is not common, does not seem to have a major role in human infection.
(13) One hundred and thirty-two penial-preputial swabbings, 140 raw and 42 processed semen samples were cultured for mycoplasmas.
(14) The raw data are obtained by capillary gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector.
(15) We therefore surveyed patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) regarding early adult consumption of fruits and vegetables usually eaten raw, with seeds that are swallowed or scraped with the teeth.
(16) The raw air curve is determined by sequentially counting radionuclide activity in respiratory gases sampled at the mouth.
(17) The restriction enzyme patterns of the nine clinical isolates from the 1983 Massachusetts outbreak were identical to each other but differed from those of raw milk isolates recovered from sources supplying the pasteurizer.
(18) Nitrogen retention in lambs fed raw, dehulled lupins was equal (P greater than .10) to that of lambs fed SBM.
(19) It is postulated that rural children were being infected by campylobacters at an early age by drinking contaminated raw milk which was not normally available to city residents.
(20) The third step was the correction of raw FFR amplitudes by an algorithm that takes into account several noise values.
Rough
Definition:
(n.) Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough stone; rough cloth.
(n.) Not level; having a broken surface; uneven; -- said of a piece of land, or of a road.
(n.) Not polished; uncut; -- said of a gem; as, a rough diamond.
(n.) Tossed in waves; boisterous; high; -- said of a sea or other piece of water.
(n.) Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; -- said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough coat.
(n.) Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement, gentleness, or polish.
(n.) Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a rough temper.
(n.) Marked by severity or violence; harsh; hard; as, rough measures or actions.
(n.) Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough tone; rough numbers.
(n.) Austere; harsh to the taste; as, rough wine.
(n.) Tempestuous; boisterous; stormy; as, rough weather; a rough day.
(n.) Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish; incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught.
(n.) Produced offhand.
(n.) Boisterous weather.
(n.) A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.
(adv.) In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.
(v. t.) To render rough; to roughen.
(v. t.) To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes.
(v. t.) To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; -- with out; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch.
Example Sentences:
(1) By 24 hr, rough endoplasmic reticulum in thecal cells increased from 4.2 to 7% of cell volume, while the amount in granulosa cells increased from less than 3.5% to more than 10%; the quantity remained relatively constant in the theca but declined to prestimulation values in the granulosa layer.
(2) Thus, it appears that neuronal loss may account for up to roughly half of the striatal D2 receptor loss during aging.
(3) The cis isomer was retained longer in liver, particularly in mitochondria, but had low retention in that portion of the endoplasmic reticulum isolated as the rough membrane fraction.
(4) The results indicated that roughly 25% of patients treated in this way will become hypothyroid after 5 years and that 85% are cured (need no further therapy during the follow-up period) using a single dose of iodine-131.
(5) This heretogeneity occurred mainly as a progressive, decreasing gradient in the first half of this pathway, between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the mi-cisternae of the Golgi apparatus.
(6) Electron microscopy revealed a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, an enlarged Golgi apparatus and many highly electron-dense secretory granules resembling those of Clara cells.
(7) Four fractions enriched, respectively, in plasma membrane (PM), smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and mitochondria were isolated from estrogen-dominated rat myometrium.
(8) For trials in which the target was present in the array, RT functions were roughly symmetric, the shortest RTs being for extreme distractor ratios, and the longest RTs being for arrays in which there were an equal number of each distractor type.
(9) Classic technics of digital image analysis and new algorithms were used to improve the contrast on the full image or a portion of it, contrast a skin lesion with statistical information deduced from another lesion, evaluate the shape of the lesion, the roughness of the surface, and the transition region from the lesion to the normal skin, and analyze a lesion from the chromatic point of view.
(10) Electron microscopic evaluation of microsomal fractions showed elements of the plasma membrane, including cilia and microvilli, as well as rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
(11) The local guide led us down a rough, uneven pathway, talking as he went.
(12) It's the roughly $2bn in revenue grossed by his blockbuster movies, some of which he had to be talked into making.
(13) The interaction between PE and E-IgG involved the extension of micropseudopods toward adherent E-IgG, the formation of a linear uniform cap of roughly 200 A between opposing cell membranes, the ingestion of E-IgG by PE into a membrane-lined compartment, and the disintegration of the ingested ligand into membranous debris.
(14) Ultracentrifugally separated HDL2 and HDL3 roughly corresponded to HDL2e and HDL3e, respectively.
(15) The locations of these 15 insertion sites correlate well with the roughly estimated locations of five of the DNase I-hypersensitive subregions.
(16) The Lords will vote on three key amendments: • To exclude child benefit from the cap calculation (this would roughly halve the number of households affected).
(17) The unique structure we describe is a cytoplasmic organelle which, like annulate lamellae, is closely associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and is presumed to be related to the genesis of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in tumor cells.
(18) Besides the rough, wrinkled, and brown or black surface of the fingertips, microwrinkles of the epidermis occur on the skin ridges, which have so far not been described.
(19) Ultrastructural examination of noncartilaginous regions of the tumor demonstrated mesenchymal cells with features suggestive of cartilaginous differentiation, viz, scalloped cell membranes, sac-like distension of abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, and a matrix containing fibrillary and finely granular material.
(20) That, roughly, was the theme of the Wednesday Play, Cathy Come Home, (BBC1) directed by Kenneth Loach, produced by Tony Garnett.