(v. t.) To make or set right; to correct from a wrong, erroneous, or false state; to amend; as, to rectify errors, mistakes, or abuses; to rectify the will, the judgment, opinions; to rectify disorders.
(v. t.) To refine or purify by repeated distillation or sublimation, by which the fine parts of a substance are separated from the grosser; as, to rectify spirit of wine.
(v. t.) To produce ( as factitious gin or brandy) by redistilling low wines or ardent spirits (whisky, rum, etc.), flavoring substances, etc., being added.
Example Sentences:
(1) A sample of 154 randomly selected, full-wave rectified and filtered electromyographic recordings was evaluated using a test-retest paradigm.
(2) At low concentrations, the current-voltage relations are inwardly rectifying, but they become more ohmic if a small amount of divalent cations is added externally.
(3) A voltage-sensitive K+ channel with characteristics of the delayed rectifier was studied in NG108-15 cells using the cell-attached patch-clamp technique.
(4) -57 mV) induced a large voltage-dependent inward current which has been identified as the K current through the anomalous rectifier (Ianomal.).
(5) Single atrial myocytes were enzymatically isolated from the bull-frog as previously described (Hume & Giles, 1981), and patch-clamp techniques were used in an attempt to identify and separate two inwardly rectifying K+ channels in this tissue.
(6) Neither a steady-state component (Is-s) nor a slowly activated component (Irise) of inward rectifier currents were observed in fibres of P0 and P4 mice.
(7) Opioid activation of the inward rectifying conductance resulted in small outward potassium currents at resting membrane potentials and increased inward currents at hyperpolarized potentials.
(8) The dependence of the current activation and inactivation on the membrane potential was consistent with that of a delayed K+ rectifier.
(9) If such errors are to be rectified systematically to provide a sustainable improvement in field placement accuracy over a course of treatment, the origins of the errors require unambiguous identification.
(10) Therapy depends upon determining the precise etiology for the fall and rectifying contributing factors.
(11) A channel exhibiting fast, voltage-dependent transitions between different conductance states may behave as an intrinsic rectifier.
(12) These results showed that some of the organic compounds released by cells during regulatory volume decrease could diffuse through this outwardly rectifying anionic channel.
(13) Treatment with recombinant human TNF-alpha (rhTNF) for 24 to 72 hr produces (i) process retraction in some but not all OLGs, (ii) a reduction in the resting membrane potential with no significant change in membrane capacitance or input resistance over control cells and (iii) a decrease in the expression of both the inwardly rectifying and outward K+ current.
(14) "And charging citizens to hold power to account is not the way to rectify an existing imbalance or promote a more meaningful democracy."
(15) Edi was recorded by an esophageal electrode, rectified, and then integrated, and peak values during inspiration were measured.
(16) Nothing I can say will rectify that,” said Reid, who worked for the Metropolitan police service’s specialist search unit for 26 years, before retiring in 2011.
(17) To rectify the situation, we adapted the anchored polymerase chain reaction to clone and analyze rapidly the expressed V genes for three anti-virus IgG antibodies.
(18) Retailers work very quickly to rectify these mistakes whenever they are found."
(19) The inward rectifier in lens has the necessary properties to be involved in setting resting voltage.
(20) The effects of intracellular pH on an inwardly rectifying K+ channel ("Kin channel") in opossum kidney (OK) cells were examined using the patch-clamp technique.
Refine
Definition:
(v. t.) To reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities; to free from dross or alloy; to separate from extraneous matter; to purify; to defecate; as, to refine gold or silver; to refine iron; to refine wine or sugar.
(v. t.) To purify from what is gross, coarse, vulgar, inelegant, low, and the like; to make elegant or exellent; to polish; as, to refine the manners, the language, the style, the taste, the intellect, or the moral feelings.
(v. i.) To become pure; to be cleared of feculent matter.
(v. i.) To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or excellence.
(v. i.) To affect nicety or subtilty in thought or language.
Example Sentences:
(1) The patients had a high AP, consumed more alcohol, were more well-fed, older and consumed more refined carbohydrates per 1 kg bw and less cholesterol and vegetable protein.
(2) After restrained least-squares refinement of the enzyme-substrate complex with the riboflavin omitted from the model, additional electron density appeared near the pyrophosphate, which indicated the presence of an ADPR molecule in the FAD binding site of PHBH.
(3) Well-refined x-ray structures of the liganded forms of the wild-type and a mutant protein isolated from a strain defective in chemotaxis but fully competent in transport have provided a molecular view of the sugar-binding site and of a site for interacting with the Trg transmembrane signal transducer.
(4) To meet these prerequisites we have introduced some technical refinements: (1) computer-controlled rectilinear translations of the target in combination with different angular positions of the source and (2) computer-controlled rotations of the target around a vertical axis in combination with different angular positions of the source.
(5) Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) was conceptualized more than 35 years ago, but its clinical application only flourished in the past 10 years after a number of technical refinements.
(6) In 1984 the press-fit condylar knee was first introduced and was intended to provide a condylar knee system primarily for posterior cruciate retention that addressed refinements in metallurgy, prosthetic geometry and sizing, cementless fixation, inventory management, and instrumentation.
(7) Obviously, the sheer number of lasers being used both clinically and experimentally indicates a great potential for further advancement and refinement in technique and surgical outcomes.
(8) Phases from x-ray structure factors (R = 0.43) computed from this model were then used in the calculation of another electron density map against which the model was further refined.
(9) Staging classifications are being refined to reflect increasing knowledge of important prognostic indicators, e.g., absence or presence of lymph node involvement, pattern of lymph node involvement, and absence or presence of visceral disease.
(10) The ordered aspect of the genetic code table makes this result a plausible starting point for studies of the origin and evolution of the genetic code: these could include, besides a more refined optimization principle at the logical level, some effects more directly related to the physico-chemical context, and the construction of realistic models incorporating both aspects.
(11) The structure of Mn(III) superoxide dismutase (Mn(III)SOD) from Thermus thermophilus, a tetramer of chains 203 residues in length, has been refined by restrained least-squares methods.
(12) Based on the refined atomic coordinates of the tRNAphe in the orthorhombic crystal, on the recent advances in the distance dependence of the ring-current magnetic field effects and on the adopted values for the isolated hydrogen-bonded NH resonances, a computed spectrum consisting of 23 protons was constructed.
(13) It can be used as a simple screening procedure to help determine which of many possible anthelmintic control strategies should be selected for more detailed examination in the field, and it provides a theoretical framework within which ideas concerning the epidemiology of parasitic gastroenteritis can be assessed and refined.
(14) The advances in lid and orbital surgery are due to the improvements made in diagnostic equipment and to technical refinements.
(15) The group’s refining business performed better than expected, more than doubling profit to $2.2bn from $1bn.
(16) They also suggest that both the migration of cortical neurons on glia and the refinement of the mapping between the peripheral whisker field and its cortical representation may depend upon the distribution of substrate adhesion molecules.
(17) Thus the present study gives support for a protective effect associated with a fiber-rich or vegetable-rich diet, while it indicates that frequent consumption of refined starchy foods, eggs and fat-rich foods such as cheese and red meat is a risk factor for colo-rectal cancer.
(18) Synthesis and discussion is focused on five major areas in which gerontological continuity and change are evidenced: 1) transformation of basic themes over time; 2) gerontology's identity crisis; 3) the social ideology of gerontology; 4) evolution and refinement of gerontological ideas and methods; and 5) temporal frameworks.
(19) The course content and format were refined after 11 pharmacists completed a pilot program.
(20) This has led to important advances in our understanding of the mechanism of axonal guidance, the physiology of neurotrophic factors and the establishment and refinement of neural connections.