(n.) A small, and usually a roughly constructed, fort or outwork of varying shape, commonly erected for a temporary purpose, and without flanking defenses, -- used esp. in fortifying tops of hills and passes, and positions in hostile territory.
(n.) In permanent works, an outwork placed within another outwork. See F and i in Illust. of Ravelin.
(v. t.) To stand in dread of; to regard with fear; to dread.
Example Sentences:
(1) I've spent a most enjoyable evening with the redoubtable Professor Elemental, who as you know is not averse to a bit of fisticuffs himself .
(2) Timpson paid a warm tribute to Gwyneth Dunwoody as a "remarkable and redoubtable MP".
(3) Led by the redoubtable Frances O'Grady, the TUC's stentorian No 2, a succession of union leaders and VIPs addressed the throng in time-honoured fashion.
(4) If they were releasing their debuts today, it is likely that such redoubtable cash cows as U2, Bruce Springsteen and Queen would have been dropped after their first albums failed to become huge hits.
(5) Shulman bristled, but he rarely enjoyed going further than the Hurlingham club in Fulham, west London, where he was a redoubtable exponent of tennis.
(6) There are now Labour MPs in such renowned lefty redoubts as Kensington and Canterbury .
(7) It offered a large desk, warmth, quiet and books presided over by the redoubtable Mary Walton.
(8) Sanders nevertheless vowed to fight on after doing better than many supporters had feared, and breaking out of his New England redoubt for the first time with wins in four states and a close second in Massachusetts.
(9) His concern over the number of younger people, most of them with barely any memory of the Troubles, coincides with claims by loyalist political veterans that youth in working-class Protestant redoubts have become radicalised and politicised through these disputes.
(10) One of them, an LTTE bomb-maker now in hiding, denied reports that Tiger cadres forcibly held Tamil civilians in their last redoubt.
(11) One star performer, at least, is in the vicinity, in the form of Ruth Davidson , the redoubtable leader of the Scottish Conservative and Unionist party.
(12) For depression it is: in common with the redoubtable Jonathan Portes of the National Institute of Economic and Social Affairs I have regarded the term depression appropriate to a situation where output continues to remain well below its previous peak, let alone the 15% or so by which it is below what the historical trend would indicate.
(13) There are plenty: in the three months up to February 1989, five commercial jets were damaged by ash clouds from Redoubt volcano in Alaska, while of 60 aircraft that were damaged in ash clouds in the 12 years to 1993, seven airliners, carrying more than 2,000 people, suffered dramatic engine failure.
(14) The historic frontier city is one of the last remaining redoubts of polio, the virus that cripples and kills children and which has been eradicated in every country except Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria .
(15) And Julian Assange sits within the four walls of his embassy redoubt, persecuted for the crime of publishing.
(16) Run on a shoestring from a few rooms above a dentist's office in Culiacán, Río Doce is one of the last redoubts of investigative journalism on the frontline of Mexico's drug wars that have killed more than 50,000 people since President Felipe Calderón launched his crackdown on organised crime five years ago.
(17) Iraqi forces, backed by Shia militias and US airstrikes, have launched a operation to retake Falluja from Islamic State , which has used the city as a redoubt within reach of Baghdad for more than two years.
(18) These Thatcherite Tories may all be notionally signed up to tackling the deficit and shrinking the state, but ideological theory is now trumped by the impulse to defend ministerial redoubts and guard personal reputations.
(19) It could be Witherow, but he can't do it from his Sunday redoubt, because the Sunday Times , in strict cash terms, is the ripest target for integration savings.
(20) This real ale redoubt for dissenting Village drinkers serves six cask ales (from local outfits such as Little Valley, Beartown, Dunham Massey, etc), two craft keg beers from Bury's Outstanding and a short, solid list of imported bottled beers, including Flying Dog's Raging Bitch and Brooklyn Black Chocolate Stout.
Reinforced
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) This observation, reinforced by simultaneous determinations of cortisol levels in the internal spermatic and antecubital veins, practically excluded the validity of the theory of adrenal hormonal suppression of testicular tissues.
(2) He said: "Monetary policy affects the exchange rate – which in turn can offset or reinforce our exposure to rising import prices.
(3) "These developments are clearly unwarranted on the basis of economic and budgetary fundamentals in these two member states and the steps that they are taking to reinforce those fundamentals."
(4) In the first, a technique for establishing an effective reinforcer from a range of possible reinforcing stimuli was evaluated.
(5) This procedure generated a number of VI-like effects, supporting the notion that VI behavior can be construed as a special case of an interaction between the organism's function relating reinforcement susceptibilities to chain length and the experimenter's function relating probabilities of reinforcement to chain length.
(6) The present results suggest that the locomotor-stimulatory and positive reinforcing effects of ethanol as well as its enhancing effect on dopaminergic activity may involve an enhancement of calcium mediated mechanisms.
(7) Further, the use of food as a reinforcer has been considered taboo by those who use more conventional and restrictive management approaches with Prader-Willi syndrome individuals.
(8) The latter findings reinforce the concept that in pathologic states associated with cerebral oedema, pinocytotic vesicles fuse to form transendothelial channels which transport plasma proteins into brain.
(9) Behavioral variables, including interreinforcement interval and drug self-administration history, appear to be important determinants of whether or not reinforcement will be demonstrated, particularly among the benzodiazepines; but the range of conditions under which behavioral and pharmacological variables interact to promote or lessen the likelihood of self-administration of these drugs remains to be determined experimentally.
(10) In a recent study, Orr and Lanzetta (1984) showed that the excitatory properties of fear facial expressions previously described (Lanzetta & Orr, 1981; Orr & Lanzetta, 1980) do not depend on associative mechanisms; even in the absence of reinforcement, fear faces intensify the emotional reaction to a previously conditioned stimulus and disrupt extinction of an acquired fear response.
(11) The reinforcement portion of the surgical drape that contained the fenestration was segmented into four identical-appearing sections, two on each side of the fenestration.
(12) These results indicate that auditory localization behavior of infants is influenced by reinforcement and that the extent of this effect is related to the type of reinforcement employed.
(13) The interresponse-time reinforcement contingencies inherent in these schedules may actually mask the effects of overall reinforcement rate; thus differences in response rate as a function of reinforcement rate when interresponse-time reinforcement is eliminated may be underestimated.
(14) Two experiments reported the effects of prefeeding normal and septal rats prior to their daily sessions on a differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL-20) schedule.
(15) Specimens of human bone from the site exhibited lower strontium levels and strontium-to-calcium ratios than deer specimens from the same site, reinforcing paleodemographic evidence that the human populations that inhabited this site included substantial amounts of meat in their diets.
(16) It is suggested that serotoninergic mechanisms in case of changes in activity of cholinergic processes, depress the system of positive reinforcement.
(17) A yeast protein, Sui3, isolated as an extragenic suppressor of his4 initiation codon mutations, exhibits extensive sequence identity with human eIF-2 beta, especially in the polylysine and zinc finger domains, thereby reinforcing the view that these elements are important for function.
(18) Pedestrianising areas in the city centre, reinforcing police and security.
(19) A visually reinforced headturn discrimination procedure was used to determine sensitivity to increments in peak F0 in synthetic speech in both bisyllabic (CVCVC) and trisyllabic (CVCVCVC) contexts.
(20) When reinforcement for competing behavior was withdrawn, however, rats resumed their original behavior and there were no overall savings in total responses to extinction.