What's the difference between reduce and retrench?
Reduce
Definition:
(n.) To bring or lead back to any former place or condition.
(n.) To bring to any inferior state, with respect to rank, size, quantity, quality, value, etc.; to diminish; to lower; to degrade; to impair; as, to reduce a sergeant to the ranks; to reduce a drawing; to reduce expenses; to reduce the intensity of heat.
(n.) To bring to terms; to humble; to conquer; to subdue; to capture; as, to reduce a province or a fort.
(n.) To bring to a certain state or condition by grinding, pounding, kneading, rubbing, etc.; as, to reduce a substance to powder, or to a pasty mass; to reduce fruit, wood, or paper rags, to pulp.
(n.) To bring into a certain order, arrangement, classification, etc.; to bring under rules or within certain limits of descriptions and terms adapted to use in computation; as, to reduce animals or vegetables to a class or classes; to reduce a series of observations in astronomy; to reduce language to rules.
(n.) To change, as numbers, from one denomination into another without altering their value, or from one denomination into others of the same value; as, to reduce pounds, shillings, and pence to pence, or to reduce pence to pounds; to reduce days and hours to minutes, or minutes to days and hours.
(n.) To change the form of a quantity or expression without altering its value; as, to reduce fractions to their lowest terms, to a common denominator, etc.
(n.) To bring to the metallic state by separating from impurities; hence, in general, to remove oxygen from; to deoxidize; to combine with, or to subject to the action of, hydrogen; as, ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron; or metals are reduced from their ores; -- opposed to oxidize.
(n.) To restore to its proper place or condition, as a displaced organ or part; as, to reduce a dislocation, a fracture, or a hernia.
Example Sentences:
(1) There was appreciable variation in toothbrush wear among subjects, some reducing their brush to a poor state in 2 weeks whereas with others the brush was rated as "good" after 10 weeks.
(2) Disease stabilisation was associated with prolonged periods of comparatively high plasma levels of drug, which appeared to be determined primarily by reduced drug clearance.
(3) These included bringing in the A* grade, reducing the number of modules from six to four, and a greater attempt to assess the whole course at the end.
(4) It is concluded that amlodipine reduces myocardial ischemic injury by mechanism(s) that may involve a reduction in myocardial oxygen demand as well as by positively influencing transmembrane Ca2+ fluxes during ischemia and reperfusion.
(5) Open field behaviors and isolation-induced aggression were reduced by anxiolytics, at doses which may be within the sedative-hypnotic range.
(6) With aging, the blood vessel wall becomes hyperreactive--presumably because of an augmented vasoconstrictor and a reduced vasodilator responsiveness.
(7) In addition, DDT blocked succinate dehydrogenase and the cytochrome b-c span of the electron transport chain, which also secondarily reduced ATP synthesis.
(8) Although Jeggo's Chinese hamster ovary cells were more responsive to mAMSA, novo still abrogated mAMSA toxicity in the mutant cells as well as in the parental Chinese hamster ovary cells 2,4-Dinitrophenol acted similarly to novo with respect to mAMSA killing, but neither compound reduced the ATP content of V79 cells.
(9) At pH 7.0, reduction is complete after 6 to 10 h. These results together with an earlier study concerning the positions of the two most readily reduced bonds (Cornell J.S., and Pierce, J.G.
(10) Methanosphaera stadtmanae reduces methanol to CH4 in a similar way as Methanosarcina barkeri.
(11) There is no evidence that health-maintenance organizations reduce admissions in discretionary or "unnecessary" categories; instead, the data suggest lower admission rates across the board.
(12) In schizophrenic patients the density of dopamine uptake sites in the basal ganglia was slightly reduced, mainly in the middle third of putamen.
(13) During recovery glucose uptake was reduced and citrate release was unaffected.
(14) The difference in BP between a hospital casual reading and the mean 24 hour ambulatory reading was reduced only by atenolol.
(15) Based on several previous studies, which demonstrated that sorbitol accumulation in human red blood cells (RBCs) was a function of ambient glucose concentrations, either in vitro or in vivo, our investigations were conducted to determine if RBC sorbitol accumulation would correlate with sorbitol accumulation in lens and nerve tissue of diabetic rats; the effect of sorbinil in reducing sorbitol levels in lens and nerve tissue of diabetic rats would be reflected by changes in RBC sorbitol; and sorbinil would reduce RBC sorbitol in diabetic man.
(16) This was unlike the action of the calcium channel blocker, cadmium, which reduced the calcium action potential and the a.h.p.
(17) aeruginosa and Enterococci) were significantly reduced in number during the manipulation (Fig.
(18) Arginine vasopressin further reduced papillary flow in kidneys perfused with high viscosity artificial plasma.
(19) Epidermal growth factor reduced plating efficiency by about 50% for A431 cells in different cell cycle phases whereas a slight increase in plating efficiency was seen for SiHa cells.
(20) Nicardipine lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure to normal, plasma aldosterone was reduced and serum potassium levels were increased.
Retrench
Definition:
(v. t.) To cut off; to pare away.
(v. t.) To lessen; to abridge; to curtail; as, to retrench superfluities or expenses.
(v. t.) To confine; to limit; to restrict.
(v. t.) To furnish with a retrenchment; as, to retrench bastions.
(v. i.) To cause or suffer retrenchment; specifically, to cut down living expenses; as, it is more reputable to retrench than to live embarrassed.
Example Sentences:
(1) The axe has fallen again at Australia’s research agency, the CSIRO , with another 75 researchers retrenched across the organisation’s future manufacturing, agriculture and digital productivity programs.
(2) With fiscal retrenchment likely after next year's election, the MPC could well be in this for the long haul.
(3) "My position is that increases the value of our assets," he added, referring to the provision of local content and advertising opportunities as newspaper groups in particular retrench.
(4) And can retrenchment be done in such a way that it is clearly in line with the progressive values of a social democratic party?
(5) In scientific terms, a panel of concluding discussants (Drs Kendell, Torrey, and Waddington) were in some measure of agreement that genetics, particularly molecular genetics, appears to be experiencing a period of retrenchment, while epidemiology is experiencing something of a renaissance.
(6) HSBC has insisted it remains committed to China , even as it continued its retrenchment from insurance by selling off its 15.6% stake in Chinese insurer Ping An for $9.4bn (£5.8bn).
(7) Even at the end of this fourth retrenching year, in this scenario we'd be less than half way there in spending-cuts terms, with 60% of the pain still to come.
(8) It was the suspicion in the markets that a rainbow coalition of the progressive left would break under the strain of pushing through politically unpopular fiscal retrenchment that explained tonight's markets rally.
(9) It undermines confidence and causes consumers to retrench, which actually weakens the economy.
(10) Even if the single currency remains intact some €1.3tn of credit could be sucked out of the system as banks retrench to their home markets, unwinding years of financial integration, the Credit Suisse analysis warns.
(11) "The NUS has retrenched back into the old narrative that there is a hard-left and moderates, and that we have to do everything we can to marginalise them.
(12) At BP he came in to the refining and chemical division after the Texas City fire and masterminded a huge retrenchment with thousands being taken off the oil company's payroll, including those at Grangemouth in Scotland.
(13) Grand promises of Paris climate deal undermined by squalid retrenchments Read more I’m talking to Howard Bamsey, who I’ve encountered at many of these events – he was Australia’s lead negotiator in Kyoto in 1997 when the protocol was agreed as well as the special envoy on climate change in Copenhagen in 2009.
(14) "While consumers are increasingly cutting back on their spending out of necessity, but it is also evident that many consumers are also retrenching out of choice, reflecting their heightened concerns about the economy and jobs."
(15) In reviewing the public mental health services of 11 California counties during a period of fiscal retrenchment, we found several common trends: a greater focus on the severely mentally disabled; an increase in utilization of hospital-based care, residential treatment, day treatment, and case management services; and a decrease in the capacity of traditional outpatient services.
(16) This article describes practical steps in managing organizational retrenchment in nursing.
(17) One- and 5-minute Apgar scores were 8 or more in all, and umbilical acid-base values were within normal limits in all of them, though the base deficit in group AD was significantly lower than that in group M. Atropine premedication makes it possible to retrench the ephedrine dosage without any harmful effect on either mother or fetus, and ephedrine infusion makes it easy to cope with changes in maternal blood pressure.
(18) The UK's biggest pay TV provider, buoyed by subscriptions that are still rising in the economic downturn, is in bullish mood, spending money while competitors retrench, as exemplified by its splashy 1980s-style advertising for the drama adaptation of Martina Cole's The Take.
(19) Today, an estimated 1 million public sector workers will walk out in co-ordinated strike action against a retrenchment of workers' rights and a real-terms pay cut that has seen them £2,000 out of pocket since 2010.
(20) My own strong reaction to the novel stemmed from Austen's depiction of society, a world of conspicuous consumption (Sir Walter Elliot cannot stand the idea of retrenching when he mismanages his finances and prefers to leave his house rather than be seen with a footman or a picture less) and his arrogant, good-looking daughter Elizabeth can't be seen without all the props, either.