(n.) The act of reducing, or state of being reduced; conversion to a given state or condition; diminution; conquest; as, the reduction of a body to powder; the reduction of things to order; the reduction of the expenses of government; the reduction of a rebellious province.
(n.) The act or process of reducing. See Reduce, v. t., 6. and To reduce an equation, To reduce an expression, under Reduce, v. t.
(v. t.) The correction of observations for known errors of instruments, etc.
(v. t.) The preparation of the facts and measurements of observations in order to deduce a general result.
(v. t.) The process of making a copy of something, as a figure, design, or draught, on a smaller scale, preserving the proper proportions.
(v. t.) The bringing of a syllogism in one of the so-called imperfect modes into a mode in the first figure.
(v. t.) The act, process, or result of reducing; as, the reduction of iron from its ores; the reduction of aldehyde from alcohol.
(v. t.) The operation of restoring a dislocated or fractured part to its former place.
Example Sentences:
(1) Direct fetal digitalization led to a reduction in umbilical artery resistance, a decline in the abdominal circumference from 20.3 to 17.8 cm, and resolution of the ascites within 72 h. Despite this dramatic response to therapy, fetal death occurred on day 5 of treatment.
(2) Use of the improved operative technique contributed to reduction in number of complications.
(3) Following central retinal artery ligation, infarction of the retinal ganglion cells was reflected by a 97 per cent reduction in the radioactively labeled protein within the optic nerve.
(4) It is concluded that amlodipine reduces myocardial ischemic injury by mechanism(s) that may involve a reduction in myocardial oxygen demand as well as by positively influencing transmembrane Ca2+ fluxes during ischemia and reperfusion.
(5) By 1978, the reduction in incidence of measles will exceed 90%.
(6) Osteoporosis is characterized by a reduction in bone density.
(7) At pH 7.0, reduction is complete after 6 to 10 h. These results together with an earlier study concerning the positions of the two most readily reduced bonds (Cornell J.S., and Pierce, J.G.
(8) A survey carried out two and three years after the launch of the official campaign also showed a reduction in the prevalence of rickets in children taking low dose supplements equivalent to about 2.5 micrograms (100 IU) vitamin D daily.
(9) The role of O2 free radicals in the reduction of sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase, which occurs during reperfusion of ischemic heart, was examined in isolated guinea pig heart using exogenous scavengers of O2 radicals and an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.
(10) Maximal covalent binding of [4,5-14C]ronidazole to DNA also required four-electron reduction, consistent with previous studies of the covalent binding of this agent to immobilized sulfhydryl groups [Kedderis et al.
(11) Optimum rates of acetylene reduction in short-term assays occurred at 20% O2 (0.2 atm (1 atm = 101.325 kPa] in the gas phase.
(12) Meanwhile, reductions in tax allowances on dividends for company shareholders from £5,000 down to £2,000 represent another dent to the incomes of many business owners.
(13) Polyribosomes isolated from the livers of rats sacrificed 6 h after treatment with actinomycin D showed a 42% reduction in their capacity to bind anti-RSA Fab'.
(14) In view of reports of the reduction of telomeric repeats in human malignant tumors, we measured the lengths of telomeric repeats in 55 primary neuroblastomas.
(15) Anatomic and roentgenographic criteria used for the assessment of reduction in ankle fractures are highlighted in this review of ankle trauma.
(16) By increasing luminal air pressure from 10 to 20 cm H2O a significant reduction in GBF was observed.
(17) The reduction rates of peripheral leukocytes, lung Schiff bases and lung water content were not identical in rats depleted from leukocyte after inhalation injury.
(18) The results show that in TMO-treated animals the time to the onset of convulsions, the time to the onset of NADH oxidation-reduction cycles, and the survival time were significantly longer than in the control group.
(19) Since the first is balked by the obstacle of deficit reduction, emphasis has turned to the second.
(20) The analysis of total seizure days showed a significant reduction during LTG treatment (p less than 0.002).
Simplification
Definition:
(n.) The act of simplifying.
Example Sentences:
(1) David O’Byrne, the acting national secretary of United Voice, welcomed the simplification of the funding model but was worried about the easing of some requirements under the national quality framework.
(2) All of the lines grew readily in culture despite the drastic simplification of their surface carbohydrates.
(3) The way in which this approach may lead to a simplification of some the apparent computational difficulties associated with the control of multi-joint motion is discussed.
(4) A significant decrease in morbidity has accompanied increased experience and simplification of the operative techniques.
(5) John Whiting, tax policy director of the Chartered Institute of Taxation, explains that there is a sound principle behind it: to provide administrative simplification.
(6) Transferrable penalty functions with general applicability for modifying a hypersurface to retain the desired minimum are identified, and two blocked oligopeptides (alanine dipeptide and tetrapeptide) are used for specific numerical illustration of the dramatic simplification that ensues.
(7) The advent of programmable pocket calculators has permitted simplification of these programs for general clinical and investigative applications in studies of myeloma and related monoclonal gammopathies.
(8) Even a complex character such as Ray did not evade that kind of simplification.
(9) More accurate diagnoses, simplification of invasive techniques, and increased benefit of therapeutic techniques can be expected.
(10) The frequency of cerebral embolism of cardiac origin, the simplification of the diagnostic approach by non-invasive investigations and the precision of ultrasound techniques explains the tendency towards the indiscriminate generalisation of this attitude.
(11) Simplification of this formula and separation by sex did not affect its predictive value: REE (males) = 10 x weight (kg) + 6.25 x height (cm) - 5 x age (y) + 5; REE (females) = 10 x weight (kg) + 6.25 x height (cm) - 5 x age (y) - 161.
(12) Increased speaking rates under conditions that decreased stuttering seemed to be evidence that efficient rhythmical flow of speech is facilitated by simplification of phonatory and respiratory adjustments.
(13) This leads to simplification of the spectra when labels are incorporated selectively.
(14) The effects of these simplifications on the model are discussed as are the implications of the model results for hearing protection and damage risk criteria.
(15) The simplifications that must be made in the theoretical treatment are discussed.
(16) A fixed-priced tariff energy scheme that has provided some protection from harsh winters for thousands of pensioners for more than 12 years is being axed by a utility giant as part of the national drive towards simplification of bills and pricing.
(17) The number of unordered combinations of terms in the CCRG's classification was reduced by combining cortical terms according to the CCRG's accepted system of staged simplification.
(18) Applications of this method, including the simplification of the measurement of the principal values of the 13C chemical shift tensor under slow MAS conditions, are described.
(19) Electron microscopy of muscle endplates from rats treated with D-P showed no evidence of degeneration or simplification.
(20) In this paper we present a series of models on cytotoxic T-cell activation derived, by successive simplifications, from the model for Tumor Escape from Immune Elimination of Grossman & Berke (1980).