(n.) The quality or state of being redundant; superfluity; superabundance; excess.
(n.) That which is redundant or in excess; anything superfluous or superabundant.
(n.) Surplusage inserted in a pleading which may be rejected by the court without impairing the validity of what remains.
Example Sentences:
(1) Hexokinase, phoshofructokinase, and aldolase appear to be rate-limiting in normal cervix epithelium; however, since the increase in activity of the first two in cancers was least of all the glycolytic enzymes, redundant enzyme synthesis probably occurs in the malignant cell for the enzymes catalysing reversible reactions.
(2) Fifty-one severely retarded adults were taught a difficult visual discrimination in an assembly task by one of three training techniques: (a) adding and reducing large cue differences on the relevant-shape dimension; (b) adding and fading a redundant-color dimension; or (c) a combination of the two techniques.
(3) A factor analysis of the ratings given by standards monitoring teams to these 410 homes failed to demonstrate redundancy across standards or grouping of standards by objectives.
(4) Light and electron microscopy showed that polyneuronal innervation was retained in mutant endplates, and the normal process of withdrawal of redundant innervation did not occur.
(5) Carmon Creek is wholly owned by Shell, which said it expected the decision to cost $2bn in its third-quarter results due to impairment, contract provision, redundancy and restructuring charges.
(6) These results suggest that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 LTR possesses functional redundancy which ensures virus replication in different T-cell types and is capable of changing depending on the particular combination of transcriptional factors present.
(7) Lloyds said it would achieve many of the job cuts through making less use of contractors and voluntary severance but admitted that some compulsory redundancies may be inevitable.
(8) The redundant tissue exhibited an increase in connective tissue components and an inflammatory infiltrate primarily of plasma cells.
(9) So far there have been 50 voluntary redundancies from editorial and a further 82 commercial jobs have been cut.
(10) In the presence of a normal resting ECG, with no hemodynamically-meaningful mitral regurgitation and no evidence of redundant mitral leaflets the risk is even less.
(11) Consequently, Young's classification now seems redundant.
(12) Staff at ITN On have already entered a redundancy consultation with their employer and the National Union of Journalists.
(13) The basement membrane is multilaminated with a highly redundant basal lamina.
(14) As well, two-dimensional 15N-1H heteronuclear spectroscopy was used to resolve a number of ambiguities present in the homonuclear spectra due to resonance redundancies.
(15) But the Afghan redundancy programme offered the chance to relocate to Britain only to interpreters who were still serving British forces in Helmand province in December 2012 and were employed for more than 12 months.
(16) The redundancies are due to be completed by the end of January.
(17) We propose that the deletion of the rRNA operon occurred in the ilv-leu gene cluster of the B. subtilis genome as a result of unequal recombination between redundant sequences.
(18) However, older adults, relative to young adults, exhibited greater reductions in accuracy as the processing requirements increased, and they made significantly more redundant or repetitive requests for information.
(19) The present study, however, qualitatively evaluates the unsharpness of redundant shadows of the mandibular ramus, especially with reference to the effects of first-slit width.
(20) Patients with redundant leaflets may be at high risk of sudden death.
Survival
Definition:
(n.) A living or continuing longer than, or beyond the existence of, another person, thing, or event; an outliving.
(n.) Any habit, usage, or belief, remaining from ancient times, the origin of which is often unknown, or imperfectly known.
Example Sentences:
(1) Such a decrease significantly biased survival (p = 0.001).
(2) This study was undertaken to determine whether the survival of Hispanic patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck was different from that of Anglo-American patients.
(3) In this article we report the survival and morbidity rates for all live-born infants weighing 501 to 1000 gram at birth and born to residents of a defined geographic region from 1977 to 1980 (n = 255) compared with 1981 to 1984 (n = 266).
(4) In contrast to previous reports, these tumours were more malignant than osteosarcomas and showed a five-year survival rate of only 4-2 per cent.
(5) The data from this experience as well as others previously reported can yield prognostic indicators of survival in cases of accidental hypothermia.
(6) Tests showed the cells survive and function normally in animals and reverse movement problems caused by Parkinson's in monkeys.
(7) The statistical T value calculated for the LP-TAE group showed that the administration of LP, the tumor size, intrahepatic metastasis, portal vein infiltration, and serum total bilirubin and alpha-fetoprotein levels significantly (P < 0.01) affected the patients' survival.
(8) Systemic corticosteroids (i.e., prednisone, prednisolone or methylprednisolone) have improved the survival rate of patients with moderate and severe ulcerative colitis.
(9) The actuarial 5-year disease-free survival rates were 83% (group 1), 83% (group 2), and 100% (group 3).
(10) However, survival was closely related to the severity of the illness at the time of randomization and was not altered by shunting.
(11) We are pursuing legal action because there are still so many unanswered questions about the viability of Shenhua’s proposed koala plan and it seems at this point the plan does not guarantee the survival of the estimated 262 koalas currently living where Shenhua wants to put its mine,” said Ranclaud.
(12) Survival was independent of the type of clinical presentation and protocol employed but was correlated with the stage (P less than 0.0005), symptoms (P less than 0.025), bulky disease (P less than 0.025) and bone marrow involvement (P less than 0.025).
(13) Since interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) is useful as a single agent, it is important to determine if interferon can be combined with standard chemotherapy to improve both response and survival in patients with cancer.
(14) Many thoracic motoneurons were able to survive up to posthatching stages following transplantation.
(15) No differences in cardiac output were noted in surviving animals.
(16) However, about one-third of the melanomas showed a higher surviving fraction at 2.0 Gy than the highest value measured for the other tumors.
(17) The results show that in TMO-treated animals the time to the onset of convulsions, the time to the onset of NADH oxidation-reduction cycles, and the survival time were significantly longer than in the control group.
(18) Development at two to 15 months of age in the 19 surviving infants was normal in nine, suspect in eight, and severely delayed in two patients.
(19) Breast conserving surgery in patients with small tumors combined with radiation therapy has gained wide popularity due to better cosmetic results without significant changes in survival.
(20) Six of 7 SAO shock rats treated with U74006F survived for 120 min following reperfusion, while none of 7 SAO shock rats given the vehicle survived for 120 min (P less than .01).