What's the difference between reflective and specular?

Reflective


Definition:

  • (a.) Throwing back images; as, a reflective mirror.
  • (a.) Capable of exercising thought or judgment; as, reflective reason.
  • (a.) Addicted to introspective or meditative habits; as, a reflective person.
  • (a.) Reflexive; reciprocal.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Since fingernail creatinine (Ncr) reflects serum creatinine (Scr) at the time of nail formation, it has been suggested that Ncr level might represent that of Scr around 4 months previously.
  • (2) We propose that this dependence on coexpression reflects the association between the LTA::STa hybrids and LTB subunits.
  • (3) Following central retinal artery ligation, infarction of the retinal ganglion cells was reflected by a 97 per cent reduction in the radioactively labeled protein within the optic nerve.
  • (4) Based on several previous studies, which demonstrated that sorbitol accumulation in human red blood cells (RBCs) was a function of ambient glucose concentrations, either in vitro or in vivo, our investigations were conducted to determine if RBC sorbitol accumulation would correlate with sorbitol accumulation in lens and nerve tissue of diabetic rats; the effect of sorbinil in reducing sorbitol levels in lens and nerve tissue of diabetic rats would be reflected by changes in RBC sorbitol; and sorbinil would reduce RBC sorbitol in diabetic man.
  • (5) In all groups, there was a fall in labeling index with time reflecting increasing tumor size.
  • (6) Hepatic enzyme elevations were more dramatic after blunt trauma, reflecting greater hepatocellular disruption.
  • (7) This modified endocrine activity in brook trout may reflect adjustment to adverse external ionic conditions.
  • (8) It is concluded that in the mouse model the ability of buspirone to reduce the aversive response to a brightly illuminated area may reflect an anxiolytic action, that the dorsal raphe nucleus may be an important locus of action, and that the effects of buspirone may reflect an interaction at 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors.
  • (9) We assessed changes in brain water content, as reflected by changes in tissue density, during the early recirculation period following severe forebrain ischemia.
  • (10) Many problems at the macroscopic level require clarification of how an animal uses a compartment of suite of muscles and whether morphological differences reflect functional ones.
  • (11) Defibrotide prevents the dramatic fall of creatine phosphokinase activity in the ischemic ventricle: metabolic changes which reflect changes in the cells affected by prolonged ischemia.
  • (12) The combined results suggest that any possible heterogeneity in the L-CAM genes is not reflected in the size of either the mRNA or protein.
  • (13) Rigidly fixing the pubic symphysis stiffened the model and resulted in principal stress patterns that did not reflect trabecular density or orientations as well as those of the deformable pubic symphysis model.
  • (14) It is also a clear sign of our willingness and determination to step up engagement across the whole range of the EU-Turkey relationship to fully reflect the strategic importance of our relations.
  • (15) Subtle differences between Chicago urban and Grand Forks rural climates are reflected in arthritic subjects' degree of pain and their perception of pain-related stress.
  • (16) We propose that the results mainly reflect a variable local impact of infection control and that a much more restrictive use of IUTCs is possible in many wards.
  • (17) At 1 month after the start of the treatment, normalization of PAP or gamma-Sm was not reflected in the following course.
  • (18) The complication might have been prevented by measurements of U and I, reflecting changes in impedance or by measurements of catheter tip temperature (T).
  • (19) Critical in this understanding are the subtle changes that occur in the individual patient, reflecting the natural history of the disease or response to its treatment.
  • (20) In scanning of more than 20 Hz frequency, the spectral pattern also reflected the characteristics of the cone system.

Specular


Definition:

  • (a.) Having the qualities of a speculum, or mirror; having a smooth, reflecting surface; as, a specular metal; a specular surface.
  • (a.) Of or pertaining to a speculum; conducted with the aid of a speculum; as, a specular examination.
  • (a.) Assisting sight, as a lens or the like.
  • (a.) Affording view.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) In a prospective study begun in March 1986, specular-microscopic endothelial cell photographs were taken in non-selected patients with primary, chronic, open-angle glaucoma who had not had intraocular surgery.
  • (2) This structure corresponds in distribution to the skin along the back of the fetus and likely represents a specular reflection from the skin surface.
  • (3) The effects of osmotic stress on corneal endothelium were investigated by exposing rabbit corneas to anisosmotic conditions, and then perfusing the corneas with isosmotic glutathione bicarbonate Ringer solution for 4 hr at 35 degrees C. During the perfusion, endothelial function was assessed by measuring corneal thickness with a specular microscope.
  • (4) Specular microscopic examination of the endothelium after the application of iodoacetamide showed progressive degradation of the integrity of the cellular structure; after 6 hr, there were no discernible cell borders.
  • (5) We developed an apparatus for automated morphometry of the corneal endothelium, which was photographed through a specular microscope connected to a video camera, and the images were stored on a video tape.
  • (6) Endothelial specular photography during an attack reveals dramatic changes: large black nonreflecting areas between quite normal-looking hexagonal cells.
  • (7) 1) In polishing the axial surface of the inner crown of the conic telescope crown system, the milling machine with a polishing disk facilitated specular finishing without causing undercutting in the region from the occlusal surface to the dental cervix.
  • (8) The specular photomicrographic characteristics were similar to those of fibroblast-like cells and foreign-body giant cells, which had been shown on the surfaces of extracted implanted intraocular lenses by the lens implant cytology technique.
  • (9) Excellent photographs of corneal endothelial cells may be obtained during clinical examinations with the specular microscope.
  • (10) Specular microscopy and computer-assisted morphometry was used to quantify central and peripheral endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (COV) and the mean and standard deviation of the shape factor (S) over an 18-month period.
  • (11) We present applications to speckle reduction, detection of specular reflectors, attenuation estimation and ultrasound imaging.
  • (12) An off-specular peak, located at an angle of reflection considerably different from the angle of incidence, was observed to have an intensity comparable with that of the specular reflection peak.
  • (13) While some deep corneal opacities are easily diagnosed clinically, the nature of others may be difficult to determine and specular microscopy is a valuable aid in such cases.
  • (14) This synergistic combination did not alter donor human corneal morphology under specular microscopy, nor did it inhibit rabbit corneal endothelial cell division preserved and propagated in antifungal supplemented MK medium.
  • (15) In cases with pseudoprecipitates examination of the corneal endothelium with the specular microscope does not reveal any specific findings, only an edema of the corneal endothelium (so-called cornea pseudoguttata).
  • (16) An original system of grading of the corneal endothelial specular reflection, as assessed with a Haag-Streit 900 slit-lamp biomicroscope, has been shown to have a very highly significant relation to the endothelial cell density measured by contact specular photomicroscopy.
  • (17) Specular microscopy provides a level of magnification and differentiation of detail which approaches that of a histological examination, and has the advantage of being a noninvasive procedure.
  • (18) The resins characterized for Black patients had a higher degree of specular reflectance and were more opaque than resins for Caucasians.
  • (19) Endothelial repair was then studied using specular microscopy, histological staining, pachymetry, and autoradiographic analysis of the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into nuclear DNA.
  • (20) Observations were made with the aid of several microscopic techniques: light and specular microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy.