(a.) Returning, or flowing back; reflex; as, reflux action.
(n.) A flowing back, as the return of a fluid; ebb; reaction; as, the flux and reflux of the tides.
Example Sentences:
(1) The use of glucagon in double-contrast studies of the colon has been recommended for various reasons, one of which is to facilitate reflux of barium into the terminal ileum.
(2) This suggests that a physiological mechanism exists which can increase the barrier pressure to gastrooesophageal reflux during periods of active secretion of the stomach, as occurs in digestion.
(3) This is a report concerning a unique combination of Alzheimer's disease with the following refluxes: buccosalivary, gastroesophageal, vesicoureteral, urethroprostatic and urethrovesicular, along with neurogenic bowel and neuropathic bladder.
(4) It was considered worthwhile to report this case due to the problems which arose concerning the choice of a thoracic rather than abdominal route owing to the impossibility of associating cardiomyotomy with anti-reflux plastica surgery because of the reduced dimensions of the stomach.
(5) In case of biliary and pancreatic duct obstruction with pure pancreatic reflux, both oedema and inflammatory infiltrations were evident, whereas, in the presence of biliary reflux too, more serious histological features were detected.
(6) A quantitative index of duodenogastric reflux was obtained in each case by determining the percentage of the injected dose of 99mTechnetium-DISIDA that was recovered by continuous aspiration of gastric juice in fasting subjects.
(7) Reflux control, evaluated by clinical appraisal and roentgenograms in all patients and by 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring in some, has been complete in all patients throughout the study.
(8) A case of incomplete peno-scrotal transposition, with a perineal anorectal duplication, vesico-ureteric reflux and thoracic hemivertebrae is presented.
(9) Two of the excluded women refluxed during episodes of hiccough that occurred shortly after induction of anaesthesia.
(10) Early diagnosis and management of gastro-oesophageal reflux may help to minimise these lung function abnormalities.
(11) Trials of these therapeutic schemes promise a higher efficacy of the therapeutic measures for gastroesophageal reflux.
(12) A significant effect for pirenzepine was seen for episodes greater than 5 min (t = 2.61, P = 0.023) and a trend towards significance was seen for total (upright and supine positions combined) percent time of reflux (t = 2.13, P = 0.055).
(13) Importance of the water and acid-barium tests (De Carvalho and Donner tests) was proved in a large series of cases demonstrating an unknown gastro-oesophageal reflux and an associated oesophagitis.
(14) One hundred and two rats were subjected to one of following three surgical procedures: Antiperistaltic duodenogastric reflux (ADGR) was made for duodenal juice to reflux through the pylorus into the stomach.
(15) The diagnosis of G-E reflux was confirmed in all by the acid reflux test; esophagitis was present in 55% of patients submitted to endoscopy; the Bernstein test was positive in 43%.
(16) In none of the 22 followed-up patients (26 organs) did the reflux in the miction cystogram appear.
(17) Results of medical therapy of reflux oesophagitis are disappointing, especially compared to the success obtained in peptic ulcer disease.
(18) For many patients, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a manageable condition.
(19) Regarding ureters read as true positives on indirect study, if that ureter has ever shown reflux at any time, or if it drained a scarred kidney specificity was improved to 97% without changing the sensitivity.
(20) Diagnostic problems were encountered in differentiating among multicystic dysplastic kidneys and ureteropelvic junction obstruction, dilatation owing to reflux or obstruction and lack of visualization of small hypoplastic kidneys.
Ulcer
Definition:
(n.) A solution of continuity in any of the soft parts of the body, discharging purulent matter, found on a surface, especially one of the natural surfaces of the body, and originating generally in a constitutional disorder; a sore discharging pus. It is distinguished from an abscess, which has its beginning, at least, in the depth of the tissues.
(n.) Fig.: Anything that festers and corrupts like an open sore; a vice in character.
(v. t.) To ulcerate.
Example Sentences:
(1) Calcium alginate dressings have been used in the treatment of pressure ulcers and leg ulcers.
(2) We evaluated the circadian pattern of gastric acidity by prolonged intraluminal pHmetry in 15 "responder" and 10 "nonresponder" duodenal ulcer patients after nocturnal administration of placebo, ranitidine, and famotidine.
(3) Exudative inflammatory processes predominate in the ulcer floor.
(4) In the past 6 years 26 patients underwent operation for recurrent duodenal ulcer after what was considered to be an "adequate" initial operation.
(5) Systemic corticosteroids (i.e., prednisone, prednisolone or methylprednisolone) have improved the survival rate of patients with moderate and severe ulcerative colitis.
(6) A leg ulcer in a 52-year-old renal transplant patient yielded foamy histiocytes containing acid-fast bacilli subsequently identified as a Runyon group III Mycobacterium.
(7) The authors conclude that H. pylori alone causes little or no effect on an intact gastric mucosa in the rat, that either intact organisms or bacteria-free filtrates cause similar prolongation and delayed healing of pre-existing ulcers with active chronic inflammation, and that the presence of predisposing factors leading to disruption of gastric mucosal integrity may be required for the H. pylori enhancement of inflammation and tissue damage in the stomach.
(8) Serum pepsinogen 1, serum gastrin, ABO blood groups, secretor status of ABH blood group substances and behavioral factors were studied in 15 patients with duodenal ulcer and 61 their relatives affected and unaffected to duodenal ulcer.
(9) Local injections of contrykal into the ulcer had inhibited proteinase activity and had a positive therapeutic effect.
(10) For that reason we determine basal serum pepsinogen I (PG I) levels in 25 ulcerous patients and 75% of their offspring and to a control group matched by age and sex.
(11) Useful studies on the relationship between these acute lesions and peptic ulceration are rare.
(12) A neodymium YAG (Nd:YAG) laser was evaluated in a dog ulcer model used in the same manner as is recommended for bleeding patients (power 55 W, divergence angle 4 degrees, with CO2 gas-jet assistance).
(13) The ulcers on seven of ten legs (70%) treated with Unna's boots and on 10 of 14 legs (71%) treated with elastic support stocking healed.
(14) In the controlled wound care group, only three ulcers in three patients achieved complete healing; the remaining 24 ulcers in 20 patients failed to achieve even 50% healing in the stipulated 3-month period.
(15) To investigate the possibility that an abnormality of gastric emptying exists in duodenal ulcer and to determine if such an abnormality persists after ulcer healing, scintigraphic gastric emptying measurements were undertaken in 16 duodenal ulcer patients before, during, and after therapy with cimetidine; in 12 patients with pernicious anemia, and in 12 control subjects.
(16) The pathomechanism, how C. pylori facilitates the development of peptic ulcer is since hypothetical.
(17) Three types of responses were observed: group A, no inhibition of gastric acid secretion occurred in 17 (40%) ulcer patients and in three (18%) controls (p less than 0.05); group B, inhibition of gastric acidity occurred in seven (16%) ulcer patients and in 12 (71%) controls (p less than 0.05), and group C, retarded gastric acid inhibition occurred in 19 (44%) duodenal ulcer patients and in 2 (12%) controls (p less than 0.05).
(18) Nine patients with duodenal ulcer were studied before and 2--3 months after proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV).
(19) In group III, multiple confluent ulcers were produced in the cheek pouch on one side, with a single ulcer in the contralateral cheek pouch; no drug was applied, and the tissues were prepared for histology.
(20) Gastric metaplasia was present in only 8% of 48 bulbar ulcer cases.