(a.) Serving or having power to refract, or turn from a direct course; pertaining to refraction; as, refractive surfaces; refractive powers.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the group of high myopia (over 20 D), the mean correction was 13.4 D. In the group with refraction between 0 and 6 D, 88% of the eyes treated had attained a correction between -1 and +1 D 3 months postoperatively.
(2) The molar refractivity has been shown to be a superior parameter for the description of the activity of sulphonamides than the sum of electronegativities of atoms making up a heterocyclic substituent in the sulphonamide molecule and molecular weight of the substituent.
(3) A new approach is presented to the refractive procedure by adding observation, both surreptitious and direct, as an adjunct, an aid and a supplement to differential diagnosis in a refractive examination and in visual analysis.
(4) Dioptric aniseikonia was calculated between 1 month and 24 months after surgery (with Gruber's and Huber's computer program) on the basis of most recently obtained values (bulb axis length, depth of the anterior chamber, lens thickness, necessary refraction), and compared with subjective measurements taken with the phase difference haploscope.
(5) These versions offer different advantages and are selected according to the particular field of application and the refraction of the surgeon.
(6) The refraction of his mild hyperopic eyes (+0,5 dpt) changed to -5,5 dpt and the intraocular pressure increased to 40 mm Hg in the right and 42 mm Hg in the left eye.
(7) These observations suggest that refractive anomalies such as anisometropia that limit high frequency spatial resolution and binocular integration can present a major obstacle to the postnatal development of binocular vision.
(8) A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the effect of recipient-donor trephine disparity on refractive error and corneal curvature post-suture removal in keratoconus.
(9) Scientists and clinicians concerned with underwater vision have not considered the relationship between chromatic aberration, water color, and the refractive state of the eye.
(10) As the refractive status changes a curve is traced out on the graph.
(11) The change in refractive astigmatism was as high as 1.50DC (diopter cylinder).
(12) There is a problem in this approach if the angle between the direction of tracked beam and the direction of tracking translation is not zero due to refraction or other effects.
(13) We find good agreement between the model calculations and the experimental results indicating that edge birefringence can be attributed to the change in polarization of light that is refracted and reflected by dielectric interfaces.
(14) The corneal sensibility was examined with the aesthesiometer of Draeger in 41 patients after refractive corneal surgery, 31 patients after radial keratotomy, 5 after epikeratophakia, 5 after excimer laser ablation.
(15) Extraordinarily wide angles were observed in all cases and myopia was a common refractive error.
(16) There was no connection between the cholesterol level, refraction or visual acuity.
(17) The refractive changes in 84 children (155 eyes) following horizontal strabismus surgery and in 97 children (181 eyes) without surgical intervention were studied.
(18) Refractive error and the ocular refractive components have heritabilities intermediate between zero and one, as complied from several studies, indicating familial resemblance, but also non-genetic variation.
(19) Approximately 75% of repeat autorefractor measurements were within 0.50 D of the initial readings, and about 75% of measurements were within 1.00 D of the manual refractions.
(20) The refractive index profile in the equatorial plane of bovine lenses from over a wide age range is presented.
Retinoscopy
Definition:
(n.) The study of the retina of the eye by means of the ophthalmoscope.
Example Sentences:
(1) On average, retinoscopy under cycloplegic conditions revealed +0.50 to +0.75 D more plus than near retinoscopy.
(2) Orthoptists' results using the simple retinoscopy compared well with the full retinoscopic findings of the ophthalmologists, with an overall sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 74%.
(3) This previously unreported complication in infants with congenital cataracts who have undergone posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy emphasizes the need for frequent retinoscopies on such patients.
(4) IOL power prediction was performed by streak retinoscopy on the operating table after taking the previous refractive status of the patient into consideration.
(5) The parameters evaluated were visual acuity, cycloplegic and noncycloplegic retinoscopy, subjective refraction, amplitude of accommodation, and flexibility of accommodation.
(6) Four quantitative prescription criteria are presented using a combined monocular estimate method-low neutral (MEM-LN) dynamic retinoscopy testing procedure.
(7) The authors have examined the repeatability of refractive error measures (retinoscopy, subjective refraction, and Canon R-1 autorefraction, noncycloplegic and cycloplegic), axial dimension measures (Allergan-Humphrey A-scan ultrasound), and corneoscopy (keratometry and KERA photokeratoscopy), and the agreement between different refractive error and corneal measurement methods on 40 pre-presbyopic normal adults.
(8) Half of the subjects (Group I) demonstrated a need for convex lenses at near by a book retinoscopy criterion.
(9) Careful retinoscopy and refraction is essential for obtaining optimal vision in these patients.
(10) Static retinoscopy can yield contaminated results because the central rays of the retinoscope beam are oblique with respect to the line of sight of the eye being examined.
(11) The resting focus of two specimens has previously been studied by retinoscopy in a zoo while the birds were restrained by their keeper (Sivak and Howland 1987).
(12) A simple photographic method for detection and measurement of refractive errors in children, using a specially designed camera and electronic flash unit and 'instant' (Polaroid) film, was tested on 64 children, aged 3 to 8 years, and compared with the results from retinoscopy.
(13) Dynamic retinoscopy has suggested that near vision may be more acute than far vision during early infancy.
(14) The refraction of 50 eyes of nonsedated dogs was measured by retinoscopy.
(15) The preoperative examinations have been carried out under anesthesia and included biomicroscopy, retinoscopy, ultrasonic and electrophysiologic examinations.
(16) A teaching attachment for a conventional streak retinoscope allows a second observer to view the retinoscopic reflex during retinoscopy.
(17) We recommend that near retinoscopy should be employed only as a noninvasive method for screening refractive errors in children.
(18) We present concepts concerning astigmatism analysis after keratoplasty related to suture compression by reviewing keratoscopy, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and retinoscopy findings.
(19) A near-retinoscopy technique is described, and refractive errors obtained by subjective refraction and near retinoscopy on adults are compared to show that the latter technique yields reliable and valid measures of refraction.
(20) Problems resulting from the use of drugs in order to measure the refractive state using normal retinoscopy are discussed.