(v. t.) To hold back; to restrain; to keep within prescribed bounds; to curb; to govern.
(v. t.) To abstain from
(v. i.) To keep one's self from action or interference; to hold aloof; to forbear; to abstain.
(v.) The burden of a song; a phrase or verse which recurs at the end of each of the separate stanzas or divisions of a poetic composition.
Example Sentences:
(1) In partial reshunting on the background of considerable improvement in hemodynamics and the general condition of the patient, one may refrain from carrying out an operation again and continue dynamik observation of the patient.
(2) The Kremlin has so far refrained from dealing with mounting anger against people from Russia's turbulent North Caucasus region, as well as migrant workers from central Asia, which has grown as the country's oil-fuelled economic boom has given way to the hardship of the global financial crisis.
(3) The son of the slain Afghan police commander (who is the husband of one of the killed pregnant woman and brother of the other) says that villagers refer to US Special Forces as the "American Taliban" and that he refrained from putting on a suicide belt and attacking US soldiers with it only because of the pleas of his grieving siblings.
(4) Last week he argued that properly primed immigrants will "see off the racists" - as if once blacks and Asians could conjugate their verbs properly and learn the date of the Battle of Agincourt, then racists would refrain from attacking them.
(5) But Rouhani can still use his position as the public face of the Islamic republic to defend Rezaian, which he has refrained from doing, at least so far.
(6) Both promiscuous and nonpromiscuous male homosexuals should refrain from giving blood.
(7) Nevertheless, because of the uncertain future of any type of implant, especially new, we have encouraged the patients to follow a careful postoperative management program and refrain from heavy activity during the first year.
(8) For reasons of comparison, animals were also trained in a delayed go no-go task in which visual cues instructed them to perform or refrain from an arm movement reaction to a subsequent trigger stimulus.
(9) And to a lesser extent in Wales ," has been a persistent refrain during the first decade in the life of the National Assembly.
(10) A professional technician is available for consultation on technical problems, but strictly refrains from intervening in the creative work proper.
(11) Alistair Burt, a Foreign Office minister, urged Libya "to respect the right of peaceful assembly and freedom of expression, and on all sides to exercise restraint and refrain from violence".
(12) Nowadays, the management of the crises which accompany significant Life Events (such as birth, marriage, retirement, death...) within this new family-system, is refrained by the lack of "relays" which were previously provided by the "enlarged family".
(13) The latter responded with tear gas, despite orders to refrain from using chemicals against protesters.
(14) chi2-testing, was refrained from in view of the small number of interviewes.
(15) Results indicate that when the harm-doers apologized, as opposed to when they did not, the victim-subjects refrained from severe aggression against them.
(16) I will refrain on saying my thoughts on the National League and pitchers hitting, but all I'm saying here is that maybe it would have been more fun to see a David Oritz or Victor Martinez hitting there instead.
(17) If the assessment is that media coverage will be damaging, news organisations are requested to refrain from reporting.
(18) Refrain from detonating your little bomb,” one of the generals told the commander in charge of the test.
(19) Cue that familiar gloating refrain from Stoke fans when Arsenal are in town: “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot,” they crooned.
(20) Media had been asked to refrain from reporting this for fear of further increasing the danger to him from his captors.
Restraint
Definition:
(n.) The act or process of restraining, or of holding back or hindering from motion or action, in any manner; hindrance of the will, or of any action, physical or mental.
(n.) The state of being restrained.
(n.) That which restrains, as a law, a prohibition, or the like; limitation; restriction.
Example Sentences:
(1) The electrical stimulation of the tail associated to a restraint condition of the rat produces a significant increase of immunoreactive DYN in cervical, thoracic and lumbar segments of spinal cord, therefore indicating a correlative, if not causal, relationship between the spinal dynorphinergic system and aversive stimuli.
(2) The current study used the restraint model of stress ulceration to compare the effects of a more potent prostaglandin analogue, 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2, with hyperosmolar glucose and antacids.
(3) We assessed the relative restraints that are provided by fourteen currently available functional knee-braces, using six limbs in cadavera.
(4) The case is presented of a patient sustaining cervical spine dislocation and quadriplegia attributed to impingement upon a 3-point attachment harness restraint.
(5) Rats that were subjected to restraint stress for 18 h were found to have reduced myocardial glycogen and blood sugar levels and showed histological changes in heart and adrenals.
(6) Instead of shedding jobs, many employers seem to be favouring pay restraint and reduced working hours as a means of controlling costs."
(7) As Justices Stewart and White famously said, "the only effective restraint upon executive policy and power in the areas of national defence and international affairs may lie in an enlightened citizenry – in an informed and critical public opinion which alone can here protect the values of democratic government".
(8) Amid calls for restraint from senior politicians and police, the prime minister, Peter O’Neill has threatened to “terminate” the position of anyone going against the government.
(9) Although B-PELLET rats had normal basal morning ACTH concentrations 5 days after surgery, they exhibited augmented and sustained ACTH responses to five different ACTH-releasing stimuli (injection, restraint, chlorpromazine, and, under pentobarbital anesthesia, morphine or sham adrenalectomy).
(10) Restraint produced regional losses of bone most obviously in the proximal tibia.
(11) The committee responses delineated emerging standards governing specific areas of animal use, such as antibody production, induced disease, surgery, physical restraint, and behavioral conditioning.
(12) Nine of the groups were fed nutrient solutions of different compositions, antacid and sucralfate through orogastric tube during induction of stress ulcer by restraint and a cold ambient temperature.
(13) These observations are rationalized taking into account the ionic radii and coordination numbers of the cations and the conformational restraints of valinomycin molecules.
(14) Even without public spending restraint, those pressures will only increase as our population ages.
(15) The data revealed striking sex differences in body image, restraint and food attitudes, even in the youngest age group (12 to 13 years).
(16) Does the restraint required for head or nose-only exposure of rodents to inhaled aerosols or gases alter their breathing pattern?
(17) Behavioral problems resulting in the use of physical restraint is a clinical problem seen in the acute phase of recovery from cerebral contusion.
(18) Later-born cohorts were lower in Restraint and higher in Ascendance than early-born cohorts.
(19) In overturning the fine, the court today found that the commission had long "practiced restraint" in exercising its authority to sanction broadcasters for indecent content, and that the mammoth fine was an improper departure from that.
(20) The rate of AChE activity restoration in Gd-7 treated axolotl embryo depends on the level of the enzyme restraint and the stage of the embryo development.