(v. t.) To disprove and overthrow by argument, evidence, or countervailing proof; to prove to be false or erroneous; to confute; as, to refute arguments; to refute testimony; to refute opinions or theories; to refute a disputant.
Example Sentences:
(1) The operational meaning of all the resulting theorems is that when any of them appear to be refuted experimentally, the presence of more than one parallel transport pathway (that is, of membrane heterogeneity transverse to the direction of transport) can be inferred and analyzed.
(2) The results presented refute arguments that these enzymes proceed by a concerted mechansim and support the intermediacy of aminoacyladenylates.
(3) Theories of urea formation during allantoin degradation in Glycine max have been recently refuted.
(4) A mitochondriogenic mechanism of calcification could not be confirmed nor refuted by this study.
(5) The probability that the initial situation is correct--the proband and the cohabitant's six children are all legitimate-is "practically refuted": W = 0.03%.
(6) The IFS says similar declines emerge if you set the figure as low as 40% of median income – utterly refuting Nick Clegg's toxic line dismissing the threshold as just "poverty plus a pound" .
(7) Molly Prince, managing director of the company, refuted the Guardian story with some lustily expressed but random facts: "CPUK have not only purchased tents for everyone (some stewards wanted to use their own but it was too wet to put them up, they insisted in having a go!).
(8) The need for neighboring states to use their data to confirm or refute findings is stressed.
(9) Hume, whose grantmaking credentials include leading a £500m cancer and palliative care grant programme for the Big Lottery Fund, refutes the notion that hospices will lose out.
(10) Additional studies are highly desirable to confirm or refute these findings, which, if valid, mean increasing lung cancer hazards caused by a decrease in ventilation in future energy saving unless special measures are undertaken to reduce radon daughters in dwellings.
(11) This did not happen and, on the evidence presented in this paper, the Fry theory of the pathogenesis of the deviated nasal septum is refuted.
(12) Marshall refuted claims CSIRO was moving away from public good scientific research , labelling it disturbing and untrue.
(13) This explanation was refuted, as all thymic subpopulations were found to express CD1, albeit with differences in antigen density, whereas all extrathymic subpopulations lack CD1.
(14) Location of En at the MN locus would not, however, refute the theory that Wra and Wrb cannot function in the absence of En.
(15) The hypothesis that the function of recA gene is to convert the unidirectionally replicating machinery in the free state to the bidirectionally replicating one in the integrated state is refuted accordingly.
(16) Observation refutes Freud's often quoted statement that masturbation is further removed from the nature of women than of men.
(17) Use of such data led to a false impression of drug efficacy, an impression later refuted when proper control studies demonstrated that the range of disease was much greater than had been previously supposed.
(18) Results refute the assertion that people who stutter are more anxious or depressed than those who do not.
(19) The claim made by astrologers that people can be characterized according to their sign of the zodiac (sagitarius, taurus, cancer, scorpion) must be refuted.
(20) Predictions from the chiasma map can be confirmed or refuted only by genetic evidence for which the estimates of this paper serve as initial values to begin maximum likelihood iteration.
Reproach
Definition:
(v. t.) To come back to, or come home to, as a matter of blame; to bring shame or disgrace upon; to disgrace.
(v. t.) To attribute blame to; to allege something disgraceful against; to charge with a fault; to censure severely or contemptuously; to upbraid.
(v.) The act of reproaching; censure mingled with contempt; contumelious or opprobrious language toward any person; abusive reflections; as, severe reproach.
(v.) A cause of blame or censure; shame; disgrace.
(v.) An object of blame, censure, scorn, or derision.
Example Sentences:
(1) "We lost to a great team and a great coach, but we want to win the league and we will be back – I have nothing to reproach my players for," he said.
(2) This examination leads to eliminate those reproaches because the consumer knows to which he is exposed, being forewarned: -when he is using mineral water at the cure-resort, by the thermal consultant who is watching over him, -when he is using one or the other of the conditioned waters, -either by the medical practictioner, who should give him the contre-indicates; -either by indicating on the label, if not the contre-indicates (like we would hope that they figure on), at least the composition (which now figures within the EEC).
(3) Hilary was one of few senior MPs whose expenses claims were totally beyond reproach – no surprise there.
(4) Prince Charles is being reproached again for having too many views on his future kingdom.
(5) The doctor tells it like it is, without reproach, but setting down the facts firmly.
(6) Each session deals with one of the following themes: "reproach & refusal", "request & emotions" and "relapse".
(7) First, normal psychological experience, with feelings of guilt, reproach, stability, indifference; deeper awareness is suppressed with the aid of forms of defense such as scientific objectivism, positivism, and reductionism.
(8) He told parliament on Tuesday that the public were sick of reproaches and insults.
(9) Along the way we invent creative ways to kill each other while trapped and make a pact that if one of us gets a flight out they are allowed to go without the other with no reproach and the other one will make friends with a volleyball.
(10) China is exercising the right of self-preservation that every country enjoys according to international law, which is beyond reproach,” foreign ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying told reporters in Beijing.
(11) Just the fact of its being there at all took my breath away - a discordant modernist appendage to the gilded baroque former courthouse which is the entrance to the museum, and thus a symbolic reproach to bürgerlich Berlin itself.
(12) The MPs' report said today: "We conclude that Mr Andrew MacKay breached the rules relating to second home allowances by wrongly designating his home in Bromsgrove as his main home for ACA purposes and because his claims against ACA for his London home were not beyond reproach.
(13) The most striking observations were the relative paucity of depressed mood, self-reproach, and suicidal ideation in patients with major depression.
(14) The integrity of the commissioner of police must be beyond reproach.
(15) Mossack Fonseca has always insisted that it acts “beyond reproach” and that, in 40 years, it has “never been accused or charged in connection with criminal wrongdoing”.
(16) In cardiac surgery mainly new neurological deficits are content of malpractice reproach; in vascular surgery artery injuries and surgical procedures to correct varicose veins are most often involved.
(17) The prime minister, Bernard Cazeneuve, had earlier insisted MPs must be “beyond reproach” regarding their financial activities.
(18) Furthermore, we found out that the life events of the "patients grown up during the postwar period" were limited to the personal interests and that they rarely suffered from self-reproach or feeling of guilt.
(19) The public admission by the man who led France's fight against tax evasion that he secretly defrauded the taxman and was "caught in a spiral of lies" is a huge embarrassment for Hollande, who promised that his government would be beyond reproach after the corruption allegations that dogged previous French administrations.
(20) At the start of this month, the archbishop of Canterbury won near universal praise for his public reproach of the Zimbabwean president, Robert Mugabe, during a trip to Harare.