(v. t.) To throw or pour back, as from a deep or hollow place; to pour or throw back in great quantity.
(v. i.) To be thrown or poured back; to rush or surge back.
Example Sentences:
(1) The 14-fold increase in prolonged apnea frequency immediately following regurgitation supports the hypothesis for a causal relationship between apnea and regurgitation.
(2) The pathoanatomy and factors associated with transient mitral regurgitation (MR) induced by myocardial ischemic stress are unknown.
(3) Postoperative examination revealed division of accessory pathway and no regurgitation of mitral prosthesis.
(4) Doppler mitral regurgitation (MR) was detected in 40 of the 47 patients (85%) with type C in 56 of the 99 (59%) with type B, and in seven of the 18 (39%) with type A.
(5) One child (case 1) exhibited nasal regurgitation during feeding.
(6) To determine the severity of regurgitation by dynamic MRI, several parameters were analyzed, including the number of slices with visible signal loss, the time course of the signal loss, and its maximal area and maximal volume.
(7) Without operative correction of the tricuspid valve, secondary tricuspid regurgitation can resolve following mitral valve surgery alone.
(8) Signs of mitral regurgitation of grade 1 could be documented angiographically in 9 patients and of grade 2 in 4 patients.
(9) Sixty-eight patients (mean age 49 years) were studied with contrast echocardiography (CE) and Doppler echocardiography (DE) to evaluate both methods for detecting and grading tricuspid regurgitation (TR).
(10) Case 2: A 40-year-old man with congestive heart failure and inflammatory signs had aortic and mitral regurgitation.
(11) Twelve patients had severe mitral regurgitation; successful mitral valve replacement was carried out in four patients (all with myxomatous mitral tissue).
(12) The sounds were loudest along the left sternal border, exhibited an increase in intensity during inspiration and were associated with right atrial gallop sounds and with murmurs of tricuspid regurgitation.
(13) Isolated tricuspid valve regurgitation is a rare finding after nonpenetrating chest trauma.
(14) Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was diagnosed with Doppler when reverse flow in systole was recorded at and behind the closure level of the tricuspid valve.
(15) We conclude that in most patients undergoing aortic valvuloplasty, regurgitation does not change after the procedure.
(16) All patients presented with severe oropharyngeal dysphagia and frequent aspiration together with pharyngooral and pharyngonasal regurgitation.
(17) On a series of 170 aortic valve replacement - 100 aortic stenoses (AS) and 70 aortic regurgitations (AR) - with an early post operative death rate of 5.3% and a late one of 8% (with a minimum follow up of 1 year and an average one of 25.4 months, two electrocardiographic and radiological checks could be done on 123 patients, 12 months on an average after the operation, and again for 116 patients, 21 months after the operation.
(18) In all cases, the maximal velocity of the tricuspid regurgitation jet was measured by continuous wave Doppler ultrasound and the systolic pressure gradient between right ventricle and the right atrium was calculated by the modified Bernoulli equation.
(19) In a multivariate Cox model analysis, the independent correlates of long-term survival were emergent operation with cardiogenic shock (multivariate mortality rate ratio [RR] = 14.0), use of a postoperative intraaortic balloon pump (RR = 3.9), ejection fraction less than 50% (RR = 2.4), preoperative history of congestive heart failure (RR = 2.2), cardiopulmonary bypass time (RR = 1.4 for each 30-minute increment), uncorrected mitral regurgitation (RR = 1.5 for each increment of angiographic gradation), left main coronary artery narrowing (RR = 1.7) and diabetes (RR = 1.6).
(20) This report details the pulsed Doppler echocardiographic findings in two patients who developed severe periprosthetic mitral regurgitation after porcine mitral valve replacement.
Ruminate
Definition:
(v. i.) To chew the cud; to chew again what has been slightly chewed and swallowed.
(v. i.) To think again and again; to muse; to meditate; to ponder; to reflect.
(v. t.) To chew over again.
(v. t.) To meditate or ponder over; to muse on.
(a.) Alt. of Ruminated
Example Sentences:
(1) The data suggest that major differences may exist between ruminants and non-ruminants in the response of liver metabolism both to lactation per se and to the effects of growth hormone and insulin.
(2) In the clinical trials in which there was complete substitution of fat-modified ruminant foods for conventional ruminant products the fall in serum cholesterol was approximately 10%.
(3) The different hydrolytic, fermentative and methanogenic activities of these populations ensure the efficient degradation of cell wall constituent in forages (cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin) ingested by ruminants.
(4) Ruminal digestion (% of intake) of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and hemicellulose decreased linearly (P less than .05), whereas acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestion responded in a cubic (P less than .05) fashion to increasing concentrate level; NaHCO3 improved ruminal digestion of NDF (P less than .10) and ADF (P less than .05), but not hemicellulose.
(5) The results of these trials suggest that increasing level of dietary NaHCO3 greatly increases the proportion of time ruminal pH is above critical levels for ruminal protein and dry matter digestion, but does not affect total tract nutrient digestion when 50% concentrate diets are fed.
(6) Extents of in situ ruminal digestion (72 h residue) for NDF, hemicellulose and cellulose were lower (P less than .05) for full-head than for late-boot-stage bromegrass.
(7) Consistent with the convergence hypothesis, only those sites that specify amino acids in the mature lysozyme are shared uniquely with ruminant lysozyme genes.
(8) Each of the primary stress selected isolates was tested in synthetic saliva, rumen fluid simulating the activity in the rumen, rumen fluid followed by pepsin-hydrochloric acid treatment simulating the additional effect of ruminal and abomasal activity, pepsin-hydrochloric acid solution simulating conditions in the abomasum and finally in a trypsin solution as an example of enzyme activity in the gut.
(9) It follows from the results that the effectiveness of some antifasciolics on laboratory animals need not always be in correlation with their effect in ruminants - hence it is necessary to verify the results obtained in laboratory animals and to check them on natural F. hepatica hosts.
(10) Ruminal lactate concentrations were variable within and among treatments.
(11) Data from the literature on the clinical effects of bacterial endotoxins in ruminants are reviewed.
(12) The strains of BTV serotype 11 were mild in their pathogenicity for the ruminants as no clinical signs of disease were seen.
(13) On defaunation of the rumen to remove ciliated protozoa the concentration of phosphatidylcholine in ruminal digesta falls markedly and becomes lower than that in abomasal digesta.
(14) The effect of ubiquitous clostridial infections on ruminants is discussed.
(15) Rauschia gen. nov. (type species: R. triangularis) is created for species previously pertaining to Nematodirus parasite of Lagomorpha, and in which the synlophe, very complex, differs from the synlophe of the parasite of Ruminants.
(16) When the rate of ruminal epithelial cell proliferation was measured on the basis of 3H-thymidine incorporation into the cellular DNA, butyrate dose-dependently reduced 3H-thymidine incorporation.
(17) Ruminal ammonia, molar percentage butyrate, and blood ketones, plasma urea N, and plasma molar percentage butyrate were lower when hay was fed.
(18) Breakdown of LP by rumination was calculated from the weight of total particles regurgitated and the proportion of LP in the regurgitated and swallowed remasticated material.
(19) Single doses of (15NH4)2SO4 were infused into ruminal pools to determine N kinetics.
(20) Nickel did not alter methane production, carcass characteristics or ruminal volatile fatty acid proportions.