(a.) Creeping; moving on the belly, or by means of small and short legs.
(a.) Hence: Groveling; low; vulgar; as, a reptile race or crew; reptile vices.
(n.) An animal that crawls, or moves on its belly, as snakes,, or by means of small, short legs, as lizards, and the like.
(n.) One of the Reptilia, or one of the Amphibia.
(n.) A groveling or very mean person.
Example Sentences:
(1) We have labelled single, primary auditory neurones in three reptile and one bird species.
(2) The microchromosomes are like those found in certain other primitive fishes as well as in reptiles and birds.
(3) Its adaptive value, chiefly in reptiles, remains an open question.
(4) Since it is known that fever is beneficial in infected reptiles, our experiments were viewed as an initial step in the investigation of a similar potentially beneficial effect in mammals.2.
(5) The distribution of serotonin-immunoreactive cells in the lung of 4 species of reptiles was investigated.
(6) The endocrine pancreas of this reptile is located throughout the spleen side of the organ and consists of islet-like structures, small groups of two to five cells, and single scattered endocrine cells.
(7) As in the case of other reptiles, particularly the alligator, a limited range of peptide-storing cells was found in the gut of the crocodile.
(8) There is clearly an MHC in amphibians and birds with many characteristics like the MHC of mammals (a single genetic region encoding polymorphic class I and class II molecules) and evidence for polymorphic class I and class II molecules in reptiles.
(9) Among birds 84.2% of the isolates were S. typhimurium, among mammals 62.6%, among reptiles only 26.8%.
(10) The evolution of enamel structure is dealt with here on the basis of fossil reptiles and mammals ranging from the Triassic to the present.
(11) An immunocytochemical method, using glutaraldehyde fixation and an antiserum developed against a GABA-glutaraldehyde protein conjugate, permitted direct visualization of GABAergic structures in the brain of a reptile (chameleon).
(12) Rodioimmunoassayable somatostatin (SRIF) was found in acid ethanol extracts from various parts of the gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) endocrine system in reptiles, amphibians, teleost bony fish, cartilaginous fish, and jawless fish, as well as in a deuterostomian invertebrate, the tunicate, Ciona intestinalis.
(13) The ultrastructure of the nasal glands of the roadrunner injected with salt and of quail drinking 200 mM NaCl was similar to that of salt glands in reptiles and the fresh-water acclimated duck.
(14) A tabulation of previously documented ovarian neoplasia in reptiles and a comparison of this cancer to those occurring in women will be discussed.
(15) the bowel of reptiles, has no changed for some hundred million years.
(16) On the basis of the amino acid sequence of cytochromes c in different species the degree of clustering and the degree of the chain asymmetry of the corresponding structural genes of DNA was found to have a general tendency towards an increase in the following order: invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals.
(17) A tendency for an increase in the index of clustering of DNA was revealed in the sequence: invertebrates, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals.
(18) The anti-G beta, gamma antibodies recognized a 35-36-kDa protein in brain of vertebrates such as mammals (rat), avians (pigeon), amphibians (frog), fish (trout), and reptiles (turtle) but not in the invertebrates such as molluscs (snail) and insects (locust).
(19) These results reveal that some species of fishes, amphibians and mammals can act as the second intermediate host and that some species of reptiles, birds and mammals can act as a paratenic host.
(20) However, in many of these animals, including reptiles, the physiological functions and importance of the system remain unclear.
Squamate
Definition:
(a.) Alt. of Squamated
Example Sentences:
(1) Activation in the latter was accompanied not only with focal degeneration of cytoplasm but with some changes in the cell as a whole with its subsequent squamation into the lumen.
(2) The comparative study of the aortic trunks of Dibamus (subterranean limbless Squamate) and of the other Squamata shows the presence of an original vascular organization in the serpentiform animals submitted to the subterranean life constraints as Scolecophidia, Amphisbaenia, Dibamidae, Anniellidae, Feyliniidae, and some Scincidae (genus Acontias and Typhlosaurus).
(3) The histological and physiological effects of the removal of superficial corneous epidermal materials have been studied in several squamate species and a caiman.
(4) It is shown that in several features, including the development of the central musculature of the tongue into a ring muscle and the presence of a genioglossus internus muscle in adults, the tongue in most agamids is derived relative to that in other squamates.
(5) Many proximal tubules presented no DLs, but nearly all from the 24-hour subset (97-100%) displayed a squamate appearance which paralleled and was caused by acute tubular necrosis.
(6) The mass exponent was 0.806, which is approximately the same as reported for squamates and for all reptilian taxa combined.
(7) Changes of special interest include (1) the presence of swan-necks; (2) a distinctive squamate appearance of the proximal tubules in the animals killed at 24 h; (3) a spiral, curled appearance caused by differential hyperplasia in animals at 4, 8 and 12 weeks, and (4) a tendency for ischemic lesions to involve all layers of the renal cortex.
(8) The oviducts and femoral glands of testosterone-treated individuals were hypertrophied; the collecting tubules of the kidney of these animals contained granules, an androgen-dependent, sexually dimorphic character in squamate reptiles.
(9) The values of hemoglobin concentration, Hb-O2 affinity and buffering capacity of the blood of six sea snake species considerably overlap values from terrestrial squamates.
(10) Binding assays (in heterologous and homologous systems) again demonstrated the general absence of an FSH-specific receptor in the reptilian (chelonian and squamate) testes.
(11) The dogs presented with moderate itching and slight to massive floury squamation on the back.
(12) Activity of pyridoxal kinase (per 1 g of tissue or per 1 mg of protein) varied in the range from 7 to 39 un or from 0.079 to 0.4 un in human malignant neoplasm tissues (adenocarcinoma of various localization, squamatous cell carcinoma of lungs, skin melanoma).
(13) The evolution of uricoteley as a mechanism for hepatic ammonia detoxication in vertebrates required targeting of glutamine synthetase (GS) to liver mitochondria in the sauropsid line of descent leading to the squamate reptiles and archosaurs.
(14) This feature appears to be exclusive to the squamate reptiles.
(15) The six peptides detected in E. kingii have been previously found in the gastrointestinal tract of squamate reptiles; however, immunoreactivity for other peptides previously detected in squamates, in particular another skink, was not observed.
(16) Soft parts are rarely preserved, except for one partial squamation.
(17) The various patterns of environmental sex determination in squamates, chelonians and crocodilians are described.
(18) In squamate reptiles, the complex and varied ornamentation of the Oberhäutchen functions both in adhesive modifications and in modulating surface reflectivity.
(19) World literature on Plasmodium of squamate reptiles (1909-1975) includes 156 published accounts on 54 valid species and subspecies.
(20) In squamates it appears that the physiological barrier is the alpha-layer of the epidermal generation, and while the beta-layer cannot be excluded as playing some role in reducing the permeability of the integument, its role appears to be primarily mechanical.