(n.) The delicate membrane by which the back part of the globe of the eye is lined, and in which the fibers of the optic nerve terminate. See Eye.
Example Sentences:
(1) The distribution of gelsolin, a calcium-dependent actin-severing and capping protein, in the retina of the developing and adult rabbit was studied.
(2) At day 7 MD occupy about 14% area of posterior retina in transverse sections in Campbell rats versus 7% in normal animals.
(3) Chromatolysis and swelling of the cell bodies of cut axons are more prolonged than after optic nerve section and resolve in more central regions of retina first.
(4) Reverse transcription of retina mRNA followed by DNA amplification using D4-specific nucleotides demonstrates the presence of D4 mRNA in retina.
(5) Electroretinographic (ERG), morphometric and biochemical studies on retinas from monkeys or rats reveal that moderate level developmental lead (Pb) exposure produces long-term selective rod deficits and degeneration.
(6) Cultured cells from fourth to ninth passage showed positive labelling for S 100 protein, carbonic anydrase (CAA), glutamine synthetase (GS), alpha cristallin (alpha C) and polyclonal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody, but were negative for both monoclonal GFAP antibody and also for Muller cells in the retina.
(7) This study examines the morphology of sporadic congenital microphthalmia in 1-day-old chicks, with particular emphasis on the neural retina.
(8) We based our approach on the anteroposterior location of the incarceration site and the amount of retina incarcerated into the wound.
(9) The posterior retina remained uninvolved, and no further treatment was needed.
(10) On histopathologic examination there were microabscesses in the inner choroid and subretinal space, disrupting the outer retina but sparing the inner retina.
(11) Although the Ca2+-independent mechanism accounts for about two thirds of the total acetylcholine release in the dark, the amount of acetylcholine released in this way is small compared with the release of acetylcholine triggered by stimulation of the retina with light.
(12) These results are consistent with the idea that RPE pigment dispersion is triggered by a substance that diffuses from the retina at light onset.
(13) A specific vitamin A-dependent fluorophore was isolated from these retinas using thin-layer chromatography (TLC).
(14) Premature infants possessed 35-50% higher levels of retinal vitamin C than those found in mature retinas.
(15) The relationship of these observations to the genesis of positional markers in the regenerating retina is discussed.
(16) One may speculate whether clinical conditions exist--apart from hereditary retinal dystrophies--in which the retina becomes more sensitive to light from strong artificial or natural sources, which are otherwise innoxious.
(17) We also used an optical device to stabilize images of the real world upon the retina.
(18) The three-dimensional view obtained with scanning electron microscopy provides another perspective on the pathogenetic changes of the RCS retina.
(19) Although the chicks were behaviorally and electrophysiologically blind at the time of hatching, their retinas appeared morphologically comparable to normal chicks at this stage.
(20) These observations suggest that IDDM patients have reduced fibrinolytic activity in their retinas, which might predispose them to thromboembolic disease.
Retinoid
Definition:
(a.) Resinlike, or resinform; resembling a resin without being such.
Example Sentences:
(1) They suggest that an endogenous retinoid could contribute to positional information in the early Xenopus embryo.
(2) However, until specific indications are firmly established through clinical trials, retinoid compounds cannot be routinely recommended.
(3) To clarify the mechanism by which retinoid causes cleft palate, we investigated the effect of retinoic acid (RA) on proliferation activity and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis in mouse fetuses palatal mesenchymal (MFPM) cells.
(4) As experimental findings indicated inhibitory action of aromatic retinoid on microtubule polymerisation and collagen metabolism of mesenchymal cells, we decided to treat 5 patients suffering from progressive systemic sclerosis as well as 3 patients with Sharp's syndrome with aromatic retinoid (Tigason).
(5) We have identified a synthetic retinoid with the characteristics of a selective RAR alpha antagonist.
(6) In rats fed the retinoid prior to cell wall injection, both the acute and the chronic responses were suppressed.
(7) The present study shows that retinoids are also potent inhibitors of gap junctional intercellular communication in SHE cells at noncytotoxic concentrations.
(8) The effect of several naturally-occurring retinoids and 13-cis-retinoic acid on the proliferation of cultured bovine retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells was investigated.
(9) However, the responses of adenoidal and tonsillar lymphocytes to Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain A were not potentiated by retinoids.
(10) Of particular concern is the teratogenic effect of all retinoids, which limits their use in women of child-bearing potential.
(11) The requirement of vitamin A (retinoids) for vision has been recognized for decades.
(12) The addition of 4HPR to pooled human plasma at 37 degrees C in vitro did not reduce endogenous retinol levels, suggesting no direct chemical interaction between these 2 retinoids.
(13) Retinoids of the first and second generation, 13-cis-retinoic acid and etretinate, are capable of inducing secondary hyperlipoproteinemias.
(14) Both natural and synthetic retinoids may affect the eye, both on the surface epithelium and the visual metabolism.
(15) Two C(5)-azido substituted aromatic retinoids were evaluated as photoaffinity probes for studying the mechanism of retinoid action.
(16) These data support the hypothesis that one possible mechanism for the known antiinflammatory activity of some retinoids may be by inhibition of phospholipase A2.
(17) he comparative teratogenicity of nine retinoids in Wistar rats was investigated.
(18) Naturally occurring retinoids act as physiologic regulators of embryonal development and maintain the proper differentiation of many epithelial tissues in the adult.
(19) These effects were apparent by 8-12 h in culture and disappeared within 24 h after the withdrawal of retinoid compounds.
(20) After the medium was incubated at 37 degrees C for 48 h, 37-49% of the retinoid remained, whether or not tissue (neonatal Syrian hamster cheek pouch) was present, and irrespective of explant age.