What's the difference between retinaculum and tendon?
Retinaculum
Definition:
(n.) A connecting band; a fraenum; as, the retinacula of the ileocaecal and ileocolic valves.
(n.) One of the annular ligaments which hold the tendons close to the bones at the larger joints, as at the wrist and ankle.
(n.) One of the retractor muscles of the proboscis of certain worms.
(n.) A small gland or process to which bodies are attached; as, the glandular retinacula to which the pollinia of orchids are attached, or the hooks which support the seeds in many acanthaceous plants.
Example Sentences:
(1) The operation revealed a necrotic focus of the patellar tendon in 21 cases, the retinaculum was thick and adherent in 16 patients and an exostosis of the patellar insertion was seen in two cases.
(2) Type I depends basically on malformation of the skin and retinaculum cutis.
(3) The diagnostic criteria of median nerve compression (carpal tunnel syndrome) include morphological and signal changes in the nerve, abnormal palmar convexity of the flexor retinaculum and signs of tenosynovitis of the intracarpal flexor tendons.
(4) We consider them to be bony origins of ligaments: at the sciatic tuber--the bony origin of the sacrotuberal ligament, at the distal fibula--the bony origin of the peroneal compartment of the retinaculum mm extensorum inferius.
(5) Division of the retinaculum flexorum leads to free tendon movement and prevents further tendon degeneration.
(6) It is concluded that: 1) a chronic painful anterior lower leg syndrome should be suspected in patients with pain on walking and at rest located in the ventral part of the lower leg; 2) intracompartmental pressure measurements seem to be of little preoperative diagnostic value in non-selected patients; 3) blind diathermic fasciotomy of the anterior, medial compartment of the lower leg, including the extensor retinaculum, gives relief from pain and paresis in most patients with a typical history.
(7) Restoring stability to the ulna as well as reconstructing a new sheath for the extensor carpi ulnaris can be accomplished in most cases by using the extensor retinaculum.
(8) To arrive at on-target therapy directed etiologically at the root cause of the disease, it will be necessary to differentiate them from one another: insertion tendopathies of the achilles tendon; metabolic diseases; arthritis and chondropathic disease of the ankle joint; hallux rigidus --rotation anomalies; tibia vara; os trigonum impingement syndrome --tendovaginitis of the flexor tendon at the retinaculum flexorum; stress fractures (calcaneus, fibula, tibia) Diagnosis is assisted, besides a detailed and exact clinical examination and an inspection of the sports shoes worn by the patient, by a biomechanical analysis of the running behaviour, an x-ray of the ankle joint, sonographic examination and clarification with the help of laboratory examinations, i.e.
(9) Principal elements of this technique are an improvement of the bony containment of the tendons within the shallowed, malleolar sulcus and the use of the outer layer of the dislocation pouch as superior retinaculum.
(10) In this case, accurate occupational history and reconstruction of work procedure revealed that the cause was direct external pressure bilaterally at the wrist on the flexor retinaculum with the underlying median nerve.
(11) However, in practice, MRI is only useful when there is disagreement between the clinical and EMG findings and in postoperative recurrences, in which case it may reveal insufficient section of the retinaculum or the presence of exuberant postoperative fibrosis responsible for persistent nerve compression.
(12) The symptoms in one case were partially relieved by ligation of the radial artery distal to the fistula, and in both they were abolished by decompression of the median nerve by section of the flexor retinaculum at the wrist.
(13) A contributing factor generally not recognized initially is a volarly displaced fragment of distal radius compressing the median nerve against the proximal edge of the flexor retinaculum.
(14) Choice of a surgical procedure depends upon the anatomy of the peroneal groove and the retinaculum, and the nature of the damage to the area.
(15) Histological investigation of the resected lateral retinaculum suggested that pain originated in the lateral retinaculum in many patients, and that degenerative changes in the nerves of the lateral retinaculum may be an important cause of pain in patients with patellofemoral disorders.
(16) Substance-P fibers were isolated in the retinaculum, fat pad, periosteum, and subchondral plate of patellae affected with degenerative disease.
(17) With flexion, the tendons shifted anteriorly toward the retinaculum, and the median nerve was found in one of three positions.
(18) In these patients the flexor retinaculum was split and resected.
(19) It innervates the flexor retinaculum and the skin of the heel pad.
(20) The carpal tunnel syndrome is described as a compression of the N. medianus under the retinaculum flexorum with the causes for this syndrome being of the most varied nature.
Tendon
Definition:
(n.) A tough insensible cord, bundle, or band of fibrous connective tissue uniting a muscle with some other part; a sinew.
Example Sentences:
(1) Pain is not reported in the removal area, the clinical examinations show identical findings on both patellar tendons, X-ray and ultrasound evaluations do not demonstrate any change in patellar position.
(2) Achilles tendon overuse injuries exist as a spectrum of diseases ranging from inflammation of the paratendinous tissue (paratenonitis), to structural degeneration of the tendon (tendinosis), and finally tendon rupture.
(3) In case of isolated damage of deep flexor tendon of the II-V fingers at the level of the I zone there were made palliative operations of 12 fingers: tenodesis and arthrodesis of distal interphalangeal articulation in functionally advantageous position.
(4) A distally based posterior tibial artery adipofascial flap with skin graft was used for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects over the Achilles tendon in three cases and over the heel in three cases.
(5) Tendon (T) and Hoffmann (H) reflexes were analyzed during static stretching (SS).
(6) The results may be summarized as follows: (1) The tendon tissues of the two main groups compared, differ structurally in several respects.
(7) The surgical procedure, using a dispensable tendon, could be directly associated to the sutures of the proximal injuries of the cubital nerve as a temporary palliative.
(8) The etiology, diagnosis and surgical treatment of stenosing tenosynovitis of the peroneal tendons is presented.
(9) On the other hand, ultraviolet (320-nm) light, absorbed by 3-hydroxy-pyridinium cross-links which were rapidly photolyzed, partially dissociated polymeric collagen aggregates from bovine Achilles tendon after subsequent heating.
(10) We attribute the greater strength of the step-cut repair to the additional number of epitendinous loops, which lie perpendicular to the long axis of the tendon.
(11) The authors tested their own technique, using transplants or implants of corium, fascia, dura mater and polyester net, internally in the tendons, fastening them with an external cross suture.
(12) Tension in flexor tendons during wrist flexion may play a role in otherwise unexplained instances of the carpal tunnel syndrome.
(13) This phenomenon can have a special significance for defining the vitality in inflammation of bone tissue, in burns and in necrosis of soft tissues a.a. of the Achilles tendon.
(14) While tonic pupil and reduced sweating can be attributed to the affection of postganglionic cholinergic parasympathetic and sympathetic fibres projecting to the iris and sweat glands, respectively, the pathogenesis of diminished or lost tendon jerks remains obscure.
(15) The author maintains that the osteoma of the brachial muscle as well as post-traumatic periarticular calcifications, occur in the muscle mass or in the tendon that prolongs it, or in the articular capsule, as a result of surgical treament and post-operative immobilization, and only exceptionally following orthopaedic treatment of traumatic lesions.
(16) Small extensions from the distopalmar outpouchings were seen and extended axially into the fibers of the suspensory ligament or between the suspensory ligament and the distal accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon.
(17) Medial canthal tendon resection and tucks or transnasal wiring are then performed.
(18) The number of motor units which produced either an 'unloading' or an 'off response' exceeded, on average, the number of motor units which excited the same tendon organ.
(19) This method was used in 51 cut tendons in 38 patients.
(20) Tendon organ units consistently showed ;in series' response patterns during muscle contractions.