(v. i.) To look backward; hence, to affect or concern what is past.
(n.) A looking back on things past; view or contemplation of the past.
Example Sentences:
(1) Thirteen patients with bipolar affective illness who had received lithium therapy for 1-5 years were tested retrospectively for evidence of cortical dysfunction.
(2) A total of 104 evaluable patients 20-90 years old treated by direct vision internal urethrotomy a.m. Sachse for urethral strictures reported retrospectively via a questionnaire their sexual potency before and after internal urethrotomy.
(3) Because of the small number of patients reported in the world literature and lack of controlled studies, the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the larynx remains controversial; this retrospective analysis suggests that combination chemotherapy plus radiation offers the best chance for cure.
(4) The adaptive filter processor was tested for retrospective identification of artifacts in 20 male volunteers who performed the following specific movements between epochs of quiet, supine breathing: raising arms and legs (slowly, quickly, once, and several times), sitting up, breathing deeply and rapidly, and rolling from a supine to a lateral decubitus position.
(5) The present retrospective study reports the results of a survey conducted on 130 patients given elective abdominal and urinary surgery together with the cultivation of routine intraperitoneal drainage material.
(6) We report a retrospective study of 107 cases of carcinoma of the sigmoid colon and upper rectum treated for primary cure at the University of California at Los Angeles Hospital between 1955 and 1970.
(7) For retrospective action to be taken, and an FA charge to follow, the decision of the panel must be unanimous.” The match between the sides ended in acrimony and two City red cards.
(8) A retrospective review was undertaken of 127 lower extremity fasciotomies performed for compartment syndrome after acute ischemia and revascularization in 73 patients with vascular trauma and 49 patients with arterial occlusive disease.
(9) A retrospective study examined the reactions to the termination of pregnancy for fetal malformation and the follow up services that were available.
(10) A retrospective study was done in 86 patients on dialysis in order to evaluate the doses of aluminum hydroxide (OH3 Al) received to achieve a better serum phosphate control.
(11) Ultrasonography of 4 cases of intussusception in children with proven lead points were reviewed retrospectively.
(12) This information has been collected in Finland retrospectively from waterworks, and will be correlated with the Finnish Cancer Registry data.
(13) A retrospective review of 388 patients who presented to the Mayo Clinic for treatment of endometrial carcinoma between 1979 and 1983 was performed and the surgical and pathologic observations were documented.
(14) In a retrospective study of 610 patients the role of routine gastroscopy prior to cholecystectomy was investigated.
(15) We retrospectively studied the incidence and course of epoxy resin contact dermatitis in 2265 patients in whom contact dermatitis was confirmed by patch testing.
(16) This was a retrospective study of 285 patients with coronary heart disease and 393 healthy subjects.
(17) Therefore, two-dimensional echocardiographic findings in 22 patients with perivalvular abscess found at surgery or necropsy were compared with those in 24 patients without abscess in a retrospective but blinded study.
(18) Patients with femoral neck fractures treated at a department of orthopedic surgery in a university hospital and one retrospective control sample from a department of general surgery in a county hospital.
(19) A retrospective study of autopsy-verified fatal pulmonary embolism at a department of infectious diseases was carried out, covering a four-year period (1980-83).
(20) A retrospective study was conducted into 136 patients who had received surgical treatment for perforated gastroduodenal ulcers, with the view to establishing postoperative lethality and morbidity (comparing simple suturing with definitive ulcer surgery).
Survey
Definition:
(v. t.) To inspect, or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook; as, to stand on a hill, and survey the surrounding country.
(v. t.) To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine.
(v. t.) To examine with reference to condition, situation, value, etc.; to examine and ascertain the state of; as, to survey a building in order to determine its value and exposure to loss by fire.
(v. t.) To determine the form, extent, position, etc., of, as a tract of land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means of linear and angular measurments, and the application of the principles of geometry and trigonometry; as, to survey land or a coast.
(v. t.) To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.
(n.) The act of surveying; a general view, as from above.
(n.) A particular view; an examination, especially an official examination, of all the parts or particulars of a thing, with a design to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality; as, a survey of the stores of a ship; a survey of roads and bridges; a survey of buildings.
(n.) The operation of finding the contour, dimensions, position, or other particulars of, as any part of the earth's surface, whether land or water; also, a measured plan and description of any portion of country, or of a road or line through it.
Example Sentences:
(1) These surveys show that campers exposed to mountain stream water are at risk of acquiring giardiasis.
(2) The 1989 results were compared with those of a similar survey performed in 1986.
(3) A survey carried out two and three years after the launch of the official campaign also showed a reduction in the prevalence of rickets in children taking low dose supplements equivalent to about 2.5 micrograms (100 IU) vitamin D daily.
(4) And this is the supply of 30% of the state’s fresh water.” To conduct the survey, the state’s water agency dispatches researchers to measure the level of snow manually at 250 separate sites in the Sierra Nevada, Rizzardo said.
(5) This exploratory survey of 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was conducted (1) to learn about the types and frequencies of disability law-related problems encountered as a result of having RA, and (2) to assess the respective relationships between the number of disability law-related problems reported and the patients' sociodemographic and RA disease characteristics.
(6) They also note surveys that show British voters becoming more Eurosceptic, not less.
(7) Three types of survey procedure were adopted and blood samples were taken for examination.
(8) The present retrospective study reports the results of a survey conducted on 130 patients given elective abdominal and urinary surgery together with the cultivation of routine intraperitoneal drainage material.
(9) The ratios in both groups were also compared with the ratios of a large group of normal subjects evaluated in a population survey.
(10) Responses to a monthly survey of 450-500 surveyors (usually 250-300 reply).
(11) This survey reviews three-dimensional (3D) medical imaging machines and 3D medical imaging operations.
(12) The last 10 years have seen increasing use of telephone surveys in public health research.
(13) A one point dilution enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure suitable for determining immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels to Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in community seroepidemiological surveys is described.
(14) This paper reports, principally, the caries results of the first three surveys of 5, 12 and 5-year-olds undertaken at the end of 1987, 1988 and 1989, respectively.
(15) This paper presents findings from a survey on knowledge of and attitudes and practices towards AIDS among currently married Zimbabwean men conducted between April and June 1988.
(16) The typology developed in two previous surveys of illicit heroin products is applicable to many of the samples studied in this work, although significant changes have occurred in the chemical profile of illicit heroin products from certain geographical regions.
(17) Fifteen patients of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) were detected out of 2500 persons of Maheshwari community surveyed.
(18) The first part of this survey which dealt with equipment for the anterior segment was published in a previous issue of this journal.
(19) We used results from the 1986 National Mortality Follow-back Survey to estimate proportions of elderly decedents who were "fully functional" or "severely restricted" in the last year of life.
(20) This week MediaGuardian 25, our survey of Britain's most important media companies, covering TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, music and digital, looks at BSkyB.