(n.) One of numerous minute rodlike structures formed of two or more cells situated behind the retinulae in the compound eyes of insects, etc. See Illust. under Ommatidium.
Example Sentences:
(1) On dark-adaptation of the 11-day adult eye, the rhabdomers move towards the cuticle.
(2) The rhabdom of the larval eye, if cut longitudinally, exhibits a "banded" structure over its entire length; in the adult the banded part is confined to the distal end, and the rhabdom is tiered.
(3) In all other ommatidia, the proximal parts of the rhabdoms show radially arranged microvilli, whereas the distal parts may reveal different patterns, frequently with microvilli in two directions or sometimes even in one direction.
(4) A calculation of the theoretical field size of individual retinula cells from measurments of refractive index and lens dimensions predicts that cells which participate in the central rhabdom will have acceptance angles near 3 degrees.
(5) All retinula cells run the entire length from the cone to the basal lamina, although two, called the proximal cells, only contribute to the lowest third of the rhabdom, and one of either cell 6 or cell 7 on our arbitrary numbering system forms its axon one third the way up the ommatidium.
(6) In the dark, a distinct gradient of activity was observed with radioactivity concentrated distally and declining toward the proximal end of the rhabdome.
(7) An admittance function was defined as the percentage of the rays reaching the rhabdom with respect to those entering the ommatidium.
(8) In spite of a one h exposure to light, rhabdom microvilli show no disintegration or disruption of membranes.
(9) The rhabdom of isolated small photoreceptors is surrounded by a calyx originating from the soma, so that it appears to be located internally.
(10) After 1-h illumination (225-320 lux), further reduction of rhabdom diameter was modest in control retinae but precipitate in those treated with OKA.
(11) Foot cells which lie immediately below the rhabdom also contain similar junctions and actin is tentatively identified in these cells.
(12) Three different fractions of visual cell fragments were prepared from the retina: the MV-fraction containing the rhabdomal microvilli, and the PVH- and PVL-fractions containing the photic vesicles located in the visual cell body.
(13) Sometimes seven and sometimes eight retinular cells closely appose the proximal tip of the cone and bear the microvilli of the rhabdom.
(14) Rhabdom sizes were not compromised by OKA, nor by either of the two protein kinase activators, SC-9 or PDA when each was deployed alone in darkness.
(15) A clear zone between dioptric structures and the rhabdom layer is absent.
(16) In Loricera and Agonum roots at the level of the proximal rhabdom are not continuous with the rootlets or short roots associated with the centrioles.
(17) In both cases, microvilli of the rhabdom were severely disrupted and the retinular cytoplasm contained numerous multivesicular bodies.
(18) Exposure to light seems to activate a transport mechanism that results in the redistribution of retinoid between the inner segments and rhabdomes and chromophore exchange among the photopigments.
(19) Quantification of the electron microscopic autoradiograms revealed that labeling of the cytoplasm was greater than the rhabdome at 2, 5, and 30 minutes and reached a peak at 12 hours.
(20) Extensive areas of gap junctions which occur between the rhabdoms and the membranes of large and small cells suggest that the cells may be electrically coupled to one another.
Rod
Definition:
(n.) A straight and slender stick; a wand; hence, any slender bar, as of wood or metal (applied to various purposes).
(n.) An instrument of punishment or correction; figuratively, chastisement.
(n.) A kind of sceptor, or badge of office; hence, figuratively, power; authority; tyranny; oppression.
(n.) A support for a fishing line; a fish pole.
(n.) A member used in tension, as for sustaining a suspended weight, or in tension and compression, as for transmitting reciprocating motion, etc.; a connecting bar.
(n.) An instrument for measuring.
(n.) A measure of length containing sixteen and a half feet; -- called also perch, and pole.
Example Sentences:
(1) The NORPLANT-2 rod system on the other hand consists of only 2 rods.
(2) Since resistance is mainly mediated by R plasmids, we undertook to investigate the characteristics of R plasmid-determined beta-lactamase in 6 Gram-negative rods.
(3) Electroretinographic (ERG), morphometric and biochemical studies on retinas from monkeys or rats reveal that moderate level developmental lead (Pb) exposure produces long-term selective rod deficits and degeneration.
(4) Electron microscopy revealed the presence of a hitherto unreported peculiar "pilovacuolar" inclusion in numerous mitochondria, composed of an electron dense pile or rod within a vacuole, while globular or crystalline inclusions were absent.
(5) Changes in protein phosphorylation induced by phagocytic challenge were identified in cultured rat retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) following exposure to isolated rat rod outer segments (ROS) or to polystyrene latex microspheres (PSL).
(6) Thirty-six investigations were made using a number of lithium fluoride micro-rods for each investigation.
(7) After intravenous or dorsal lymph sac injections of 3H-22:6, most of the retinal label was seen in rod photoreceptor cells.
(8) The antigenic determinant defined by 5E9 was also shown to be present in a 87000 molecular weight polypeptide located in the proximal part of the flagellum of Crithidia oncopelti in which a paraflagellar rod is not detectable at the ultrastructural level.
(9) Chloride caused a significant concentration-dependent shortening of myosin rods due to destabilization of the alpha-helical double coiled rod structure.
(10) Rod adaptation was abnormal in both families, but the time course of adaptation differed between patients with the two mutations.
(11) Electron microscopy shows that at neutral pH, CEA particles consist of homogeneous, morphologically distinctive, twisted rod-shaped particles, about 9 X 40 nm.
(12) RCA-1, which is specific for D-galactose, showed patchy fluorescence on the basal and distal portions of the outer segments of the cones and rods, whereas neuraminidase-treated sections had uniform fluorescence throughout the tissues.
(13) All are satisfied by [Formula: see text], where N is the size of rod signal, constant for threshold; theta, theta(D) are steady backgrounds of light and receptor noise; varphi is the threshold flash with sigma a constant of about 2.5 log td sec; B the fraction of pigment in the bleached state.
(14) The territory’s chief executive Leung Chun-ying, has become a lightning rod for the protesters’ anger .
(15) Beyond intraoperative recognition and removal of the rods, effective strategies to prevent this neuronal loss have yet to be developed.
(16) Sensitivities to gentamicin, sissomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin were compared in 196 gentamicin-resistant Gram-negative rods and in 212 similar organisms sensitive to gentamicin, mainly isolated from clinical specimens.
(17) It should be considered as a causative agent in culture-negative cases of endocarditis and also when a gram-negative rod is isolated which is sensitive to all antibiotics.
(18) Rats permitted to recover for 13 weeks and then sacrificed had lost almost all their rods (p less than 0.001) while the cones were reduced by about 50% (p less than 0.01).
(19) The reports of rod-dominated psychophysical spectral sensitivity from the deprived eye of monocularly lid-sutured (MD) monkeys are intriguing but difficult to reconcile with the absence of any reported deprivation effects in retina.
(20) Rod adaptation had no reliable influence on response to rapid onset in cones or bipolar cells.