What's the difference between rubefacient and topical?
Rubefacient
Definition:
(a.) Making red.
(n.) An external application which produces redness of the skin.
Example Sentences:
(1) Furthermore, the intraindividual variation of local capillary blood flow and vasodilatation was imitated by a rubefacient liniment (Forapin) applied to the three sites.
(2) Oximeter determined control ear measurements averaged 1.69% saturation lower than those calculated from arterial blood gases, whereas the difference averaged 0.38% higher on the ear treated with the rubefacient.
(3) The following parameters are of practical importance: resting PO2, postocclusive PO2, rubefacient-induced PO2 and 45 degrees C heating PO2.
(4) Histamine dihydrochloride and acetylcholine chloride in intradermal injections, a rubefacient derived from nicotinic acid in epicutaneous application, and the dermograph are commonly used and studied here.
(5) Patients with diabetic microangiopathy show diminished PO2 values in rubefacient-induced PO2 and 45 degrees C heating PO2.
(6) Rubbing into the skin a rubefacient cream produced more epidermal hyperplasia than did the base cream alone.
Topical
Definition:
(n.) Of or pertaining to a place; limited; logical application; as, a topical remedy; a topical claim or privilege.
(n.) Pertaining to, or consisting of, a topic or topics; according to topics.
(n.) Resembling a topic, or general maxim; hence, not demonstrative, but merely probable, as an argument.
Example Sentences:
(1) Furthermore, all of the sera from seven other patients with shock reactions following the topical application of chlorhexidine preparation also showed high RAST counts.
(2) Topical and systemic antibiotic therapy is common in dermatology, yet it is hard to find a rationale for a particular route in some diseases.
(3) Community involvement is a key element of the Primary Health Care (PHC) approach, and thus an essential topic on a course for managers of Primary Health Care programmes.
(4) The discussion on topics like post-schooling and rehabilitation of motorists has intensified the contacts between advocates of traffic law and traffic psychologists in the last years.
(5) Eighty micrograms of the topically active parasympatholytic drug ipratropium were applied intranasally four times daily in 20 adults with perennial rhinitis and severe watery rhinorrhoea in a double-blind controlled cross-over trial.
(6) Health information dissemination is severely complicated by the widespread stigma associated with digestive topics, manifested in the American public's general discomfort in communicating with others about digestive health.
(7) Female CD-1 mice were initiated with 200 nmol 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene and topically promoted three times weekly for 20 weeks with doses of 25, 50, 100, or 200 nmol mirex.
(8) This study compares the effects of 60 minutes of ischemic arrest with profound topical hypothermia (10 dogs) on myocardial (1) blood flow and distribution (microspheres), (2) metabolism (oxygen and lactate), (3) water content (wet to dry weights), (4) compliance (intraventricular balloon), and (5) performance (isovolumetric function curves) with 180 minutes of cardiopulmonary bypass with the heart in the beating empty state (seven dogs).
(9) "This will obviously be a sensitive topic for the US administration, but partners in the transatlantic alliance must be clear on common rules of engagement in times of conflict if we are to retain any moral standing in the world," Verhofstadt said.
(10) The decision of the editors to solicit a review for the Medical Progress series of this journal devoted to current concepts of the renal handling of salt and water is sound in that this important topic in kidney physiology has recently been the object of a number of new, exciting and, in some instances, quite unexpected insights into the mechanisms governing sodium excretion.
(11) The tetracaine component of TAC is superfluous for obtaining topical anesthesia of minor dermal lacerations of the face in children.
(12) I think we are still trying to understand all that and I think that fits under the broader topic of social licence and what bringing in automation to an area does to that region as a whole, which we don’t quite know yet.” Could carbon farming be the answer for a 'clapped-out' Australia?
(13) UPDATE II [Tues.] Two other items that may be of interest: first, Guardian editor-in-chief Alan Rusbridger was the guest for the full hour yesterday on Democracy Now, discussing the paper's role in reporting the NSA stories, and the video and transcript of the interview are here ; second, marking our collaboration on a series of articles about spying on Indians, the Hindu has a long interview with me on a variety of related topics, here .
(14) CNS excitation and seizures, manifestations of organochlorine intoxication, can occur following ingestion or inappropriate application of the 1 per cent topical formulation of lindane used to treat scabies and lice.
(15) A water based 5% benzoyl peroxide gel (Benzac W5) was compared with topical 1% clindamycin phosphate solution (Cleocin T) in the treatment of acne vulgaris using a randomized, investigator blind study design.
(16) In conclusion, this study indicates that topical CsA is capable of locally suppressing a strong T-cell-mediated immune response after an initial short-term systemic dose of CsA.
(17) Poly(ortho ester) bioerodible polymers are suitable materials for the topical administration of a wide variety of therapeutic agents; varying the nature and amounts of excipients physically incorporated into the polymer will vary the erosion rates from a few hours to many months.
(18) Future studies will need to carefully evaluate the vehicle used and the strength of topical CsA employed.
(19) The animal model of psoriasis was effectively treated by bimolane, both systemically and topically, and also by parenteral methotrexate and topical betamethasone valerate.
(20) Data were compared with those from a previous study with topical 1% minoxidil solution.