(n.) A mineral usually of a reddish brown color, and brilliant metallic adamantine luster, occurring in tetragonal crystals. In composition it is titanium dioxide, like octahedrite and brookite.
Example Sentences:
(1) Anatase and rutile are titanium dioxides (TiO2) with different crystal lattices.
(2) The hydrogen bonding ability of the surfaces of these rutiles were compared with inert rutile and quartz.
(3) Only two, both synthetic rutiles, were found to be active.
(4) These results suggested that perovskite and rutile existed at the interface between hydroxyapatite and titanium after plasma-spraying and made hydroxyapatite to bond tightly to the titanium.
(5) Biological studies of two titanium dioxide polymorphs, rutile and anatase, have produced conflicting results.
(6) The binding properties of the active rutile have been found to be consistent with those properties associated with biologically active quartz.
(7) Rutile samples containing trace amounts of nickel or chromium had an activity similar to that of pure rutile.
(8) An average of 613 million particles, of exogenous origin, per gram of dry lung tissue were found, the major classes of particles being silica, talc, aluminum silicates, and rutile.
(9) We exposed rats to an aerosol of either anatase or rutile and determined the TiO2 retention in the lung up to 132 days post exposure.
(10) The surface properties of rutile are the determinants of its activity.
(11) The other more boxlike crystals (coesite, anatase, and rutile) displayed little change in these parameters.
(12) The crystals studied were quartz, tridymite, cristobalite, coesite, anatase, and rutile.
(13) The evidence suggests that both anatase and rutile are "nuisance" dusts.
(14) Rutile and anatase induced similar effects, and both had a very low biological activity in comparison to alpha-quartz.
(15) The biological reactivity of two crystalline forms of titanium dioxide, rutile and anatase, has been compared in in vitro and in vivo assays.
(16) Titanium dioxide-polymethacrylate composites were prepared with triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), 1,6-bis(methacryloxy-2-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2,4,4-trimeth ylexane (UDMA) and rutile structure titanium dioxide.
(17) It has been reported that rutile can be considered "inert".
(18) Here we describe an XAS study of divalent cobalt (Co(II)) complexes sorbed on three different solids, gamma-Al2O3, rutile (TiO2) and kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4).
(19) Because natural and synthetic rutiles possess different surface properties, they display different activities.
(20) Pure rutile or anatase preparations show only a weak chemiluminescent response.
Tetragonal
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to a tetragon; having four angles or sides; thus, the square, the parallelogram, the rhombus, and the trapezium are tetragonal fingers.
(a.) Having four prominent longitudinal angles.
(a.) Designating, or belonging to, a certain system of crystallization; dimetric. See Tetragonal system, under Crystallization.
Example Sentences:
(1) The crystals are tetragonal, with unit cell dimensions a = 48.9 A and c = 82.0 A, space group P 41 21 2 or P 43212.
(2) The morphological unit of the regular array appeared to consist of four spherical subunits, each about 2 nm in diameter, which were arranged in a tetragonal pattern about 4.5 by 7.0 nm in dimension.
(3) Two different tetragonal crystal forms have been characterized, both diffracting to about 6 A using synchrotron radiation.
(4) The outer structured layer was a linear array of particles overlying an inner tetragonal array of larger subunits.
(5) An activity assay of redissolved tetragonal form crystals indicates that the uncleaved, functional serpin has been crystallized.
(6) The A ring of the steroid in the tetragonal crystal was found to be disordered, and exists in both a normal and inverted conformation.
(7) One was in a hexagonal array, and the other was in a tetragonal array.
(8) The crystals are tetragonal rods with unit cell dimensions a = 128.6 A, c = 92.5 A.
(9) A hydrated cobalt ion is found to coordinate to two N7 atoms of adjacent guanines, forcing these two guanines to destack with a large dihedral angle (32 degrees), in the dimer of the tetragonal form.
(10) These tubules are clearly distinguishable by their shape and fine structure from the periodic structure of a P. rhodos cell wall layer, which exhibits a tetragonal pattern, and also from polyheads and polysheaths of defective bacteriophages.
(11) The structure crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P41 with a = 8.225 (5) and c = 28.42 (1) A.
(12) This truncated S-protein was exported via the periplasm to the cell surface, but could not self-assemble into a tetragonal array or be anchored to the cell surface.
(13) Bacillus sphaericus strain P-1 has previously been shown to have a tetragonally arrayed (T layer) protein which forms the outer layer of the cell wall.
(14) Its three-dimensional structure from two different crystal forms (tetragonal and trigonal) has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis at 1 A resolution.
(15) Both crystal forms are tetragonal, the space group for form I is P4(1)22 (or P4(3)22), and that for form II is P4(2)22.
(16) Density variations suggest an arrangement of subunits, either tetragonal or trigonal, viewed from a variety of angles about the DNA axis.
(17) The binuclear copper site is characterized as two tetragonal Cu(II) atoms bridged by both an endogenous protein ligand and the exogenous ligand (i.e., peroxide), with the lack of an electron paramagnetic resonance signal being the result of antiferromagnetic exchange via the endogenous bridge.
(18) The crystals are tetragonal, show the symmetry of space group P4(1) or its enantiomer, have lattice constants of a = 58.46 (1) and c = 77.02 (3) A, and scatter to at least 2 A resolution.
(19) These elevations were distributed according to a tetragonal pattern with a periodicity of 850 A.
(20) Crystals are tetragonal, with space group P42(1)2, a = b = 171 A, c = 150 A in the absence of ATP; and P422, a = b = 101 A, c = 114.4 A in the presence of ATP.