(n.) A bitter white crystalline substance obtained from the saccharinates and regarded as the lactone of saccharinic acid; -- so called because formerly supposed to be isomeric with cane sugar (saccharose).
Example Sentences:
(1) Since d-fenfluramine failed to alter saccharin preference, it is unlikely that the slowed eating rate induced by this compound indicates a reduction in food palatability.
(2) The onset of tolerance to morphine analgesia was studied in 34 female Wistar rats immediately after they drank a dextrose-saccharin cocktail or tap water for 6 or 24 hours.
(3) the colours: Allura red AC, erythrosine, canthaxanthin and the caramels; three anti-oxidants: BHA, BHT and the gallates; the sweeteners: polyols, aspartame, saccharin and cyclamates.
(4) The exposure of the mouse bladder to saccharin was very brief, because the time required for 50 percent of the compound to be eluted from the pellets was about 5.5 hours.
(5) The rats were then poisoned with lithium chloride after each of three sessions in an attempt to condition a taste aversion to the saccharin.
(6) The saccharin litters were mainly characterized by a slowering in the body growth evolution.
(7) 3-Amino[3-14C]benz[d]isothiazole-1, 1-dioxide was prepared from [3-14C]-saccharin.
(8) A shift of intake from 5% to 10% ethanol was also demonstrated with increasing time under shock, while saccharin and water intake decreased.
(9) A two-bottle choice test between the saccharin solution and water was given to all animals on the third and fourth days after the conditioning day.
(10) These results are consistent with reports which have found that rats selected for high or low alcohol intake have corresponding high and low intakes of saccharin.
(11) Other results revealed that ibotenic acid lesions of the insular cortex attenuated the reaction to the novel taste of saccharin in a familiar environment but failed to affect the ingestion of a novel food in a novel environment or passive avoidance learning.
(12) An illness-induced taste aversion was conditioned in rats by pairing saccharin with cyclophosphamide, an immunosuppressive agent.
(13) On each trial, access to saccharin at normal ambient temperature was followed by injection of drug or saline and placement for 6 hr into a temperature-controlled enclosure.
(14) However, saccharin does not trigger a fixed rate of lapping at any point in the sequence.
(15) Before and after treatment the following were recorded: subjective and objective nasal MCT time, using an original composition of vegetable charcoal powder and saccharin powder at 3%; nasal obstruction.
(16) They were trained to respond on a tongue-operated solenoid-driven drinking device that delivered 0.005 ml of a glucose and saccharin solution (G + S) per lick.
(17) Quantitation of o- and p-sulfamoylbenzoic acid residues in saccharin and its sodium salt is achieved by a method comprising methanolic extraction and high-performance ion exchange chromatography.
(18) Unlike typical carcinogens which interact with DNA, sodium saccharin is not genotoxic, but leads to an increase in cell proliferation of the urothelium, the only target tissue.
(19) The correlation between the FDD test, the Jones fluorescein test, and the saccharin taste test was low.
(20) Five-week-old F344 male rats were given sodium saccharin as 5% of the diet beginning either immediately (Group 1) or 2, 4, 6, or 18 weeks (Groups 2, 3, 4, or 5, respectively) after freezing of the bladder, and sacrificed 2 years after the start of the experiment.
Sweetener
Definition:
(n.) One who, or that which, sweetens; one who palliates; that which moderates acrimony.
Example Sentences:
(1) His report was widely rubbished at the time for lack of supporting evidence, and the addition of Osborne's sweeteners (or nudges, perhaps?)
(2) the colours: Allura red AC, erythrosine, canthaxanthin and the caramels; three anti-oxidants: BHA, BHT and the gallates; the sweeteners: polyols, aspartame, saccharin and cyclamates.
(3) Alternative sweeteners are widely advocated and used.
(4) Stevioside and rebaudioside A, two intense natural sweeteners, that are constituents of the South American plant Stevia rebaudiana, were tested for cariogenicity in albino Sprague-Dawley rats.
(5) More than 30 state and city legislatures, from Hawaii to New York, have discussed or proposed curbs on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) ranging from bans in schools to cuts in portion sizes and a sales tax.
(6) Although high-intensity sweeteners are widely used to decrease the energy density of foods, little is known about how this affects hunger and food intake.
(7) Pfizer said on Monday it hoped its sweetened offer for AstraZeneca, which was made on Friday, would help the British drugmaker "engage with Pfizer and enter into discussions relating to a possible combination of the two companies".
(8) Following an initial report of the presence of traces of cyclohexylamine in the urines of subjects given cyclamate, it was shown that chronic administration of the sweetener caused the induction of extensive metabolism.
(9) In the other, each serving of beverage provided 600 mg APM, a dose equivalent to the amount provided by 36 oz of APM-sweetened diet beverage.
(10) At present, the sweetening carbohydrates have a share of about 49% of the total-carbohydrate-consumption, from which 24% is sugar in its conventional form; a further 3% comes from fruits and vegetables; 5% of the carbohydrates are lactose, 15.5% are monosaccharides, from which 12% are derived from vegetable foodstuffs and honey.
(11) Appropriate sweeteners, flavoring agents, preservatives, humectants, and pH adjusters were then added.
(12) The compromise was sweetened with further funds: on Monday Democrats held out the prospect of a further $50bn in loan guarantees under the climate change bill making its way through Congress.
(13) Brandishing cash sweeteners so squarely directed at different age groups opens another fracture along generational lines.
(14) When the sweetened solutions were switched, obese sucrose rats lost weight during the next 8 weeks while rats previously on NNS gained weight rapidly.
(15) In this paper, we demonstrate that high concentrations (1-4 M) of neutral salts greatly enhance the thermolysin activity in both hydrolysis and synthesis of N-carbobenzoxy-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester (ZAPM), a precursor of a peptide sweetener, aspartame, in which the L-aspartyl residue is the P1 residue.
(16) Tea swathed in frothed milk sweetened to within an inch of its long, UHT life.
(17) The mean values for zinc bioavailability to rats were as follows: sweetened condensed milk = 66%; human breast milk 59.2%, processed cow's milk = 43.7 to 50.9%; unprocessed (raw) cow's milk = 42%; nonfat dry milk = 41.2%, and infant formulas = 26.8 to 39.5%.
(18) In addition, students who lived in Greek housing were found to skip meals less frequently than other students, and men were found to consume significantly more beer, sugar-sweetened soft drinks, meat, and white bread than women students.
(19) There was no interaction between fluoride and other sweetening agents that affected the incidence of caries.
(20) These sweeteners increased significantly the salivary flow rate in comparison to the unsweetened gum base.