What's the difference between sample and specimen?

Sample


Definition:

  • (n.) Example; pattern.
  • (n.) A part of anything presented for inspection, or shown as evidence of the quality of the whole; a specimen; as, goods are often purchased by samples.
  • (v. t.) To make or show something similar to; to match.
  • (v. t.) To take or to test a sample or samples of; as, to sample sugar, teas, wools, cloths.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Samples are hydrolyzed with Ba (OH)2, and the hydrolysate is passed through a Dowex-50 column to remove the salts and soluble carbohydrates.
  • (2) An automated continuous flow sample cleanup system intended for rapid screening of foods for pesticide residues in fresh and processed vegetables has been developed.
  • (3) Patient plasma samples demonstrated evidence of marked complement activation, with 3-fold elevations of C3a desArg concentrations by the 8th day of therapy.
  • (4) The proportion of motile spermatozoa decreased with time at the same rate when samples were prepared in either HEPES or phosphate buffers.
  • (5) However, this deficit was observed only when the sample-place preceded but not when it followed the interpolated visits (second experiment).
  • (6) Blood samples were analysed by mass spectroscopy and gas chromatography.
  • (7) Simplicity, high capacity, low cost and label stability, combined with relatively high clinical sensitivity make the method suitable for cost effective screening of large numbers of samples.
  • (8) The main clinical features pertaining to the concept of the "psycho-organic syndrome" (POS) were investigated in a sample of children who suffered from severe craniocerebral trauma.
  • (9) Serum samples from 23 families, including a total of 48 affected children, were tested for a set of "classical markers."
  • (10) Confined placental chorionic mosaicism is reported in 2% of viable pregnancies cytogenetically analyzed on chorionic villi samplings (CVS) at 9-12 weeks of gestation.
  • (11) Sample processing appears effective in avoiding spontaneous oxalogenesis.
  • (12) The correlates of three characteristics of familial networks (i.e., residential proximity, family affection, and family contact) were examined among a national sample of older Black Americans.
  • (13) Finally the advanced automation of the equipment allowed weekly the evaluation of catecholamines and the whole range of their known metabolites in 36 urine samples.
  • (14) Analysis revealed some significant differences in the false-positive rate, depending on the test method used or virus samples evaluated.
  • (15) Just after blood sampling, FEV1 measurements were performed.
  • (16) The study examined the sustained effects of methylphenidate on reading performance in a sample of 42 boys, aged 8 to 11, with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  • (17) A chronic cannulation procedure is described which allows for sampling vomeronasal organ (VNO) contents repeatedly in freely moving conscious subjects.
  • (18) Estimates of the risk probability for each dose level and sacrifice time are found utilizing the sample likelihood as the posterior density.
  • (19) Flow cytometric DNA analysis was performed on both fresh and on paraffin embedded samples obtained by gastroscopic biopsies in 5 patients with histologically normal gastric mucosa (20 specimens) and by radical gastrectomies in 9 cases of human gastric cancer (36 specimens).
  • (20) The measurement of the intestinal metabolism of the nitrogen moiety of glutamic acid has been investigated by oral ingestion of l-[15N]glutamic acid and sampling of arterialized blood.

Specimen


Definition:

  • (n.) A part, or small portion, of anything, or one of a number of things, intended to exhibit the kind and quality of the whole, or of what is not exhibited; a sample; as, a specimen of a man's handwriting; a specimen of painting; aspecimen of one's art.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) However, when first trimester specimens were analyzed, the direct-product measurements were significantly larger than the corresponding 3H2O assay results.
  • (2) The fluoride treated specimens released more fluoride than the nontreated ones.
  • (3) Sperm specimens were obtained from 13 men participating in our in vitro fertilization program.
  • (4) As a consequence, similar response curves were obtained for urine specimens containing morphine or barbiturates.
  • (5) The remaining case had a calibre persistent submucosal artery within the caecum that was found incidentally in a resection specimen.
  • (6) Flow cytometric DNA analysis was performed on both fresh and on paraffin embedded samples obtained by gastroscopic biopsies in 5 patients with histologically normal gastric mucosa (20 specimens) and by radical gastrectomies in 9 cases of human gastric cancer (36 specimens).
  • (7) Immunofluorescent staining for HLA-DR showed dermal positivity in 12 of 13 involved- and 9 of 13 uninvolved-skin biopsy specimens from scleroderma patients, compared with only 1 of 10 controls.
  • (8) A specimen of a very early ovum, 4 to 6 days old, shown in the luminal form of imbedding before any hemorrhage has taken place, confirms that the luminal form of imbedding does occur.
  • (9) The sensitivity of an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test (screening test) for the detection of antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) was examined by using 128 serum specimens and quaternary aminoethyl (QAE)-Sephadex A50 column chromatography to separate IgM from IgG class antibodies.
  • (10) From these results it was concluded that FITC-Con A staining method applied to smear specimens is more advantageous in the rapidity and the simplicity for tumor cell diagnosis than section specimen method.
  • (11) Two fully matured specimens were collected from the blood vessel of two fish, Theragra chalcogramma, which was bought at the Emun market of Seoul in May, 1985.
  • (12) In the second comparison, HSV was isolated from 225 of 1,026 (21.9%) specimens and duplicate human foreskin fibroblast cell wells stained at 24 and 72 h were PAP positive in 241 of 1,026 (23.5%).
  • (13) However, a highly significant upward shift of the proliferating cell compartment was observed in the cancer group, resulting in a specific modification of the [3H]TDR labeling pattern in 6 of 17 specimens.
  • (14) Urine specimens from patient REE also contained a light chain fragment that lacked the first (amino-terminal) 85 residues of the native light chain but otherwise was identical in sequence to the light chain REE.
  • (15) Residual cancer was found in the radical prostatectomy specimen in 11 of the 29 stage-A1 patients (38%) and in 66 of the 86 stage-A2 patients (77%).
  • (16) Thin films (OD approximately 0.7) of glucose-embedded membranes, prepared as a control, showed virtually 100% conversion to the M state, and stacks of such thin film specimens gave very similar x-ray diffraction patterns in the bR568 and the M412 state in most experiments.
  • (17) One-half of the specimens were treated with citric acid, pH 1, for 3 minutes, while the remainder served as untreated control specimens.
  • (18) It was found to be convenient for routine laboratory use and increased the yield of positive plate cultures in specimens without antibiotics from 53 to 75% (P less than 0.01) and in specimens containing antibiotics from 24 to 38% (P less than 0.05).
  • (19) In invasive epidermoid carcinoma, the accuracy with the self-collected specimens approached the physician-scraped specimens.
  • (20) Two-thirds of the specimens tested gave positive results.