(n.) That part of the integument of the head which is usually covered with hair.
(n.) A part of the skin of the head, with the hair attached, cut or torn off from an enemy by the Indian warriors of North America, as a token of victory.
(n.) Fig.: The top; the summit.
(v. t.) To deprive of the scalp; to cut or tear the scalp from the head of.
(v. t.) To remove the skin of.
(v. t.) To brush the hairs or fuzz from, as wheat grains, in the process of high milling.
(v. i.) To make a small, quick profit by slight fluctuations of the market; -- said of brokers who operate in this way on their own account.
Example Sentences:
(1) We have not had another incidence of fetal scalp infection associated with intrapartum monitoring.
(2) It is often difficult to study the neurological and autonomic changes in the scalp in these patients.
(3) Tests included recording the scalp EEG, visual and auditory cerebral evoked-potentials, the CNV, cerebral slow potentials related to certainty of response correctness in auditory discrimination tasks, heart rate, respiration and the galvanic skin response.
(4) The possible use of impedance measurement with scalp electrodes to detect intracranial events non-invasively was investigated by measuring the localised impedance changes during cortical spreading depression (CSD) in anaesthetised rats.
(5) To identify the origin of scalp-recorded far-field negativity of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials to median nerve stimulation (designated N18), direct records were made from the thalamus and ventricular system during 4 stereotaxic and 3 posterior fossa operations.
(6) Complications from tissue expansion of the scalp are similar to those encountered with the placement of expanders elsewhere in the body.
(7) Scalp EEGs correctly localized the side and region of seizure onset in only 1 patient.
(8) Selective angiography revealed a scalp AVM fed by bilateral superficial temporal and right occipital arteries.
(9) After the unsuccessful treatment with classical methods by skin grafting, a mixed myocutaneous Latissimus Dorsi and cutaneous parascapular flap allow the coverage of 25 centimetres of the scalp in his larger axis.
(10) To evaluate whether local anesthetic scalp infiltration blunts hemodynamic responses to craniotomy in anesthetized children (age, 2-18 yr), two concentrations of bupivacaine (0.125% and 0.25%) with vasoconstrictor (epinephrine 1:400,000) were compared with control data when a solution of vasoconstrictor alone was injected.
(11) This operation provides an important alternative to either standard or major scalp reductions.
(12) Monitoring evoked potentials from the brain for prolonged periods during neurosurgical procedures ideally requires attached scalp electrodes that may be placed in a sterile field.
(13) The effect of scalp hypothermia in connection with chemotherapy was evaluated as hair protection in 61 women with disseminated breast carcinoma, where earlier treatment routines had caused wig-requiring alopecia in nearly all patients.
(14) Here we give an example of its application to a comparison of curves, in this particular case average auditory evoked potentials, picked up at symmetrical points on the scalp.
(15) In a continuing study of the EEG as a monitor of cortical activity during anesthesia using a time-domain wave analyzer, the contamination of the EEG by scalp muscle activity was observed.
(16) Angiosarcomas of the skin develop almost exclusively in the following clinical settings: (1) the lymphedematous extremity, secondary to prior mastectomy in most instances; (2) the face and scalp, usually in elderly individuals; and (3) skin that has been previously radiated.
(17) These findings may require a rethinking of specific information processing interpretations of other endogenous ERPs, although the results also indicate that the 'oddball' effect on the P300 and CNV was distinctive in terms of scalp distributions and sensitivity to the manipulation.
(18) A left scalp skin flap (2.5 by 7 cm) based on the superficial temporal artery and vein was transferred to the bald area, with microvascular anastomosis to the superficial temporal vessels on the right side.
(19) Pattern 2, distant metastasis without scalp or regional lymph node spread, was associated with early radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
(20) Cortical activation patterns as measured by negative shifts of the scalp-recorded cortical steady potential ("DC shifts") were assessed in 28 normal subjects during imagining colours, faces, and a spatial map.
Shellfish
Definition:
(n.) Any aquatic animal whose external covering consists of a shell, either testaceous, as in oysters, clams, and other mollusks, or crustaceous, as in lobsters and crabs.
Example Sentences:
(1) To simulate naturally polluted shellfish as closely as technically possible, shellfish were polluted with minimal amounts of virus.
(2) Schemes employing solid media, such as the roll tube and pour plate methods, underestimated faecal contamination in shellfish tissue compared with a liquid MPN multiple test-tube method using minerals-modified-glutamate broth (MMGB) as primary enrichment medium.
(3) They harvest shellfish standing in the water or meandering through mangrove forests on the shore.
(4) We were unable to establish a significant relationship between the presence of the bacterium and that of its specific bacteriophages in the shellfish.
(5) These effects were observed in 5 and 10% shellfish feeding.
(6) "Fisherwomen, who before in a week would get 20 to 30 kilos of shellfish, now take a whole week to get 2 or 3 kilos," says De Alcántara, sitting on a folding metal chair in a dusty meeting hall.
(7) Provocation tests by eating foods such as eggs, meats, and shellfish reproduced the above-mentioned bladder disorders.
(8) Evidence is presented which establishes that mackerel fed in captivity can, by relay from contaminated shellfish via sand eels, accumulate paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) in the edible flesh at a level (250 micrograms saxitoxin equivalents per kg) similar to that in the contaminated shellfish.
(9) injections of dinophysistoxin-1 and pectenotoxin-1, causative agents of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning.
(10) The shellfish also contained decarbamoyl toxins (dc-GTX II and dc-GTX-III) at approximately 2% of the total profile.
(11) These studies suggest the possibility that patients sensitized by exposure to caddis fly antigens could develop allergic reactions during their first exposure to shellfish or to their first bee sting.
(12) When the two thirds of the subjects who had been exposed were classified according to the frequency with which they had recently consumed any type of raw shellfish, there was a clear dose-response relation.
(13) Another shellfish sterol, 24-methylene cholesterol, also stimulated ACAT in human macrophages, but most of the xanthomatosis-related sterols did not stimulate ACAT.
(14) A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to detect oxytetracycline (OTC) in three species of marine shellfish (Crassostrea gigas, Ruditapes philippinarum and Scrobicularia plana).
(15) Thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography results indicate that Aphanizomenon flos-aquae NH-5 may produce paralytic shellfish poisons, mainly neo-saxitoxin and saxitoxin.
(16) Ten paralytic shellfish toxins [saxitoxin, neosaxitoxin, B-1, B-2, gonyautoxin 1, 2, and 3 (i.e., GTX-1, GTX-2, and GTX-3), C-1, C-2, and C-3] were oxidized at room temperature under mildly basic conditions with hydrogen peroxide or periodic acid.
(17) wt of 23,000 was identified in foot homogenate derived from paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) contaminated butter clams and was found to cross-react with crab-saxitoxin-induced protein (SIP) antiserum.
(18) A study was carried out to further evaluate the practicability of viral depuration by assaying individual shellfish.
(19) Other matters for investigation are: methods for quantitatively detecting viruses adsorbed on solids, the virus-removal capability of soils, better virus indicators, virus concentration in shellfish, the frequency of infection in man brought about by swallowing small numbers of viruses in water, the epidemiology of virus infection in man by the water route, the effect of viruses of nonhuman origin on man, and the occurrence of tumour-inducing agents in water.
(20) The control measures consisted of the prohibition of the harvest and sale of all bivalve mollusks as well as a public warning to avoid the consumption of such shellfish.