What's the difference between scintillation and turbulence?

Scintillation


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of scintillating.
  • (n.) A spark or flash emitted in scintillating.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Radioactivity attained in different tissues at different times after a single intraperitoneal injection of 3H-gentamicin into male rats was determined using scintillation counting.
  • (2) An accurate and reproducible method is described for generating a map of the cobalt sheet source from images of it made in multiple positions with the scintillation camera.
  • (3) (The scintillation medium is preheated with ethanolamine to eliminate chemiluminescence.)
  • (4) [8(-14)C]Inosine monophosphate formed was separated by high-voltage electrophoresis and radioactivity was measured by liquid-scintillation counting.
  • (5) With liquid scintillation counting after two-dimensional gel electrophoresis it is possible to estimate the proportion of species-specific ribosomal protein in a mouse-hamster somatic cell hybrid.
  • (6) Plasma data and scintillation camera images obtained from patients receiving either 1, 50, or 100 mg of monoclonal antibody indicated dose-dependent (i.e., saturable) kinetics.
  • (7) Features of this spectrometer which make it more suitable than the previously employed scintillation spectrometers for the observation of granulocyte and other chemiluminescent systems include; (1) the ability to measure CL immediately upon reaction initiation; (2) simplicity of photomultiplier tube exchange; and (3) built-in optical filter holders for spectral analysis.
  • (8) A simple scanning apparatus, similar to that used in a hand-held scintillation probe, was compared with simultaneous measurements made by a gamma camera in 16 healthy males.
  • (9) We conclude that analog motion correction should be provided in all scintillation cameras used for liver scintigraphy.
  • (10) To investigate the potential application of radionuclide computed tomography (RCT) to nuclear medicine imaging using 99mTc, a tomographic system using a lightweight scintillation camera for brain imaging was constructed, and lesion contrast with RCT and conventional scintigraphy were compared.
  • (11) Larger detectors with converging collimation result in much higher photon input rates to the scintillation crystal in routine clinical studies than has occurred in the past.
  • (12) Samples were assayed using liquid scintillation counting and the iodoantipyrine results were regressed against the butanol results.
  • (13) A device based on an 8080 microprocessor was assembled for the generation of image data in a manner similar to that of the scintillation camera.
  • (14) Graft segments, effluents, and seeding suspension were assayed in a beta scintillation counter.
  • (15) Metabolism of 2-aminofluorene was measured both colorimetrically (formation of a reduced iron chelate from the N-hydroxyfluorene metabolite) and radiochemically (separation of 3H-metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography and quantitation by scintillation counting).
  • (16) The bioluminescence marker was expressed in the presence of n-decanal, and was monitored as chemiluminescence in a liquid scintillation counter.
  • (17) The migration of the donor lymphocytes was followed by labeling them in vitro with either [3H] or [14C]uridine and measuring radioactivity by scintillation counting of the spleen and lymph nodes of the recipients removed 24 h after injection and in TDL collected throughout this period.
  • (18) By utilizing the gamma-emitting isotope of selenium, Se-(8-azidoadenosyl)[75Se]selenomethionine eliminates the need for the impregnation of acrylamide gels with fluorographic enhancers and dilution of liquid samples into scintillation cocktails, as is required with the commonly used methyl-3H-labeled and 35S-labeled S-(8-azidoadenosyl)methionine.
  • (19) Of 116 patients who had undergone combined liver-lung scintillation imaging, 23 with negative studies had abnormal subphrenic spaces at operation, and 5 with positive studies had abnormal subphrenic spaces at laparotomy (hematomas, bile spillage, serous fluid or abscess); 4 of 6 nonexplored positive studdies showed resolution of defects on serial imaging.
  • (20) Elution with 2 X 5 ml of 0.1 M sodium chloride in 5 mM ammonium acetate removes all of the orotate and leaves all of the product orotidine monophosphate (OMP) bound so that it may be measured in a scintillation counter.

Turbulence


Definition:

  • (n.) The quality or state of being turbulent; a disturbed state; tumult; disorder; agitation.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) It facilitated the acquisition of quantitative velocity information with standard Doppler ultrasound techniques by identifying areas of high velocity or turbulent flow and was invaluable in the assessment of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage occurring either as an isolated anomaly or in conjunction with complex intracardiac lesions.
  • (2) The visualized turbulent flow was consistent with a ventriculoseptal defect but also appeared to extend posteriorly into the left atrium in a direct line with the septal communication.
  • (3) A Bernoulli 'free-fall' numerical model is shown to reproduce the principal features of such casting, with some evidence of viscosity limitation of the turbulent flow at long casting lengths.
  • (4) When there is turbulence in the vein lumen the volume of reflux becomes excessive and causes so much adjustment that constrictor tone is abolished.
  • (5) The Kremlin has so far refrained from dealing with mounting anger against people from Russia's turbulent North Caucasus region, as well as migrant workers from central Asia, which has grown as the country's oil-fuelled economic boom has given way to the hardship of the global financial crisis.
  • (6) Shearer has long been expected to take the reins at St James' Park at some point but it is something of a surprise that he has chosen to do so amid such turbulence and uncertainty over the club's future.
  • (7) It is a standard declaration of public loyalty to the Saudi royal family as it marks the end of a turbulent year since King Salman came to the throne.
  • (8) Doppler and color flow Doppler examinations demonstrated nonpulsatile and turbulent blood flow within the lesion, consistent with a diagnosis of umbilical artery aneurysm.
  • (9) On the other hand, the device is more sensitive to the turbulences induced by the subject's own breathing.
  • (10) In 1 patient the clinical diagnosis of arteriovenous fistulae was confirmed by color Doppler which demonstrated a continuous turbulent flow within the femoral vein.
  • (11) We conclude that flow disturbance or turbulence is a major factor in the development of venous intimal-medial hyperplasia in arteriovenous loop grafts.
  • (12) "The external environment provides a testing backdrop for these results, and all our industries face some degree of turbulence," Scardino said.
  • (13) He is totally comfortable around Wall Street and bankers.” Trump’s effort to characterize himself as without obligation to the financial sector despite his long record of loans and debt restructuring during episodic turbulence in his business career, including the bankruptcy of Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts in 2004, is likely to raise eyebrows.
  • (14) The Brontes lived in stirring times and in a turbulent region.
  • (15) With the sample volume in the right ventricle a continuous turbulent flow was observed.
  • (16) Pathologic regurgitant jets were seen as high-velocity, systolic-retrograde turbulent flow across the prosthesis.
  • (17) Because maximum expiratory flow-volume rates in normal subjects are dependent on gas density, the resistance between alveoli and the point at which dynamic compression begins (R(us)) is mostly due to convective acceleration and turbulence.
  • (18) Clinical applications of this index suggest the possibility of using it further as a detection tool for diseases that generate turbulent noises.
  • (19) The usual high pressure injections also result in turbulent flow conditions.
  • (20) Steering the debate through these turbulent waters with more than his usual sense of mischief was David Dimbleby .