(1) In addition to the aqueduct other associated inner ear anomalies have been identified in 60% of this population including: enlarged vestibule (14); enlarged vestibule and lateral semicircular canal (7); enlarged vestibule and hypoplastic cochlea (4); and hypoplastic cochlea (4).
(2) It is concluded that the massive destruction of the normal anatomy in the lateral semicircular canal may be the morphological basis of a functional endolymphatic fistula for drainage of the endolymphatic hydrops.
(3) These findings imply that otolithic afferents, unlike those from the semicircular canals, do not interact with neural centres mediating visual localization.
(4) In all patients, the nystagmus elicited during the paroxysm was compatible with excitation of the posterior semicircular canal.
(5) In a series with sixteen normal adult volunteers, 22 to 45 years in age, 100% of the cochleae, vestibules, and lateral and posterior semicircular canals were clearly demonstrated in T2 weighted images.
(6) The chief characteristics of stage 18 (approximately 44 postovulatory days) are rapidly growing basal nuclei; appearance of the extraventricular bulge of the cerebellum (flocculus), of the superior cerebellar peduncle, and of follicles in the epiphysis cerebri; and the presence of vomeronasal organ and ganglion, of the bucconasal membrane, and of isolated semicircular ducts.
(7) Ach, cholinomimetics and cholinergic antagonists were therefore applied to frog isolated whole labyrinths and isolated semicircular canals.
(8) The electrical activity of single trochlear motoneurons (TMns) and axons of second order vestibular neurons presumably terminating on these motoneurons were studied during natural stimulation of semicircular canals and otolith organs in cats anesthetized with Ketamine.
(9) Warming or cooling stimuli to the canal side changed the activity of the semicircular nerve.
(10) In an attempt to destroy selectively the affected peripheral vestibular labyrinth in patients with intractable vertigo as a result of Meniere's disease, a known quantity of streptomycin was introduced within the bony labyrinth following fenestration of the horizontal semicircular canal.
(11) The decrease of the postrotatory reactions is not due to a lesion of the ampullary nerves of the horizontal semicircular canals and it may be explained by the existence of functional connections between the VAC and the horizontal canal.
(12) (4) The lateral semicircular canal was completely obliterated with destruction of the membranous canal.
(13) Separate extracellular injections were made of the anterior branch, the posterior branch, the ampullary nerve of each of the three semicircular canals, and the branch to the saccule.
(14) Intracellular records with glass microelectrodes filled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were taken from primary afferents of the horizontal semicircular canal in the lizard, Calotes versicolor.
(15) The other in Montreal, Canada, employed De Vega's semicircular annuloplasty in 17 cases.
(16) Our patient had anomalous configuration of lateral semicircular canal and an abnormally high location of the utricle and saccule.
(17) Although this series is not comprehensive enough, it seems to indicate that interruption of the lateral semicircular duct has a possibility of diminishing labyrinthine hydrops, as in cases of Ménière's disease, without hearing disturbance, provided that complications do not develop.
(18) Semicircular annuloplasty was applied to 16 patients with congenital heart diseases with systemic atrioventricular valve regurgitation (congenital MR 4, ECD 4, Fontan 7, BWG 1).
(19) The specimens revealed: absence of normal bile ducts; presence of thin-walled tubular or saccular cholangiectases with semicircular and annular fibrous crests, without evidence of superinfection; cholangiectases with secondary acute or chronic-cellular cholangitis, with or without cholangitic abscesses; fibrous cholangitis without ductal dilatation; transformation of bile ducts into fibrous cords which were either solid or contained remnants of bile duct epithelium, and complete loss of bile ducts.
(20) When simulating normally functioning semicircular canals, the model produced no nystagmus.
Turnover
Definition:
(n.) The act or result of turning over; an upset; as, a bad turnover in a carriage.
(n.) A semicircular pie or tart made by turning one half of a circular crust over the other, inclosing the fruit or other materials.
(n.) An apprentice, in any trade, who is handed over from one master to another to complete his time.
(a.) Admitting of being turned over; made to be turned over; as, a turnover collar, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) This decrease cannot be accounted for by increased turnover of the mRNA in the presence of the drug.
(2) The phenylalanine model allows the rapid assessment of whole body and muscle protein turnover from plasma samples alone, obviating the need for measurement of expired air CO2 production or enrichment.
(3) Platelet survival time in patients with Crohn's disease proved to be significantly shortened (p less than 0.001), whereas platelet turnover appeared augmented.
(4) When given chronically over 6 weeks the advantages of adding benserazide (50 mg kg-1 day-1) to levodopa (40 mg kg-1 day-1) were less marked and although more dopamine was present in the striatum than with levodopa given alone (200 mg kg-1 day-1) there was no evidence of any increase in its metabolites (HVA and DOPAC) and therefore of its turnover and utilisation.
(5) In this study, protein efficiency ratio and net protein utilization together with the kinetic estimates of protein turnover were used to compare the effect of different protein and fat sources in healthy rats.
(6) Baseline evaluation revealed that 17 (32%) patients had high turnover (HTOP), and 36 (68%) normal turnover osteoporosis (NTOP) as assessed by measurement of whole body retention (WBR) of 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate.
(7) As many as 25 turnovers of the transport cycle per monomer can occur prior to attainment of steady state.
(8) Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists inhibit these maturation responses in a calcium-dependent manner and promote phosphoinositide turnover.
(9) In conclusion, increased cell turnover is a significant component of the sclerotic process both at the onset and in the late stages of this model.
(10) Noradrenaline turnover and metabolism are altered soon after imposing increased workload on heart.
(11) This suggests that the fluphenazine-induced sedation is not mediated via its effect on brain NA content, but is possibly due to the effect of the drug on NA turnover rates in the brain.
(12) It is suggested that reduced IVM may reflect reduced total albumin mass due to lowered rates of albumin synthesis or increased rates of turnover.
(13) In gastric ulcer patients DNA loss or turnover was significantly (p less than 0-01) higher than normal, and fell significantly (p less than 0-01) after four weeks' treatment with carbenoxolone when 16 of the 17 ulcers had healed.
(14) This inhibition is counteracted by the somewhat slower increase of NE turnover resulting in normalization of LH levels.
(15) and the turnover of (22)Na in this fluid it does not appreciably affect the turnover of (22)Na in the brain tissue of either rat or rabbit, the small inhibition observed being probably secondary to the effects on the c.s.f.3.
(16) Brain stem 5-HT turnover was also reduced in nondiabetics but not in diabetics.
(17) The degree of the turnover of AMPs in the kidney varies from case to case.
(18) The degradation of cellular proteins in fibroblasts, both those of rapid and those of slow turnover rates, was inhibited by low concentrations of chloroquine or neutral red in the medium.
(19) Measurements at rate-limiting concentrations of thrombin have allowed estimation of turnover rates of fibrinopeptides that agree with kinetic parameters obtained with direct assay of fibrinopeptide.
(20) The radio-GLC technique described yields approximately 20% higher fractional turnover times for oleic acid than do standard methods.