(n.) The slender, smooth stem of an arrow; hence, an arrow.
(n.) The long handle of a spear or similar weapon; hence, the weapon itself; (Fig.) anything regarded as a shaft to be thrown or darted; as, shafts of light.
(n.) That which resembles in some degree the stem or handle of an arrow or a spear; a long, slender part, especially when cylindrical.
(n.) The trunk, stem, or stalk of a plant.
(n.) The stem or midrib of a feather.
(n.) The pole, or tongue, of a vehicle; also, a thill.
(n.) The part of a candlestick which supports its branches.
(n.) The handle or helve of certain tools, instruments, etc., as a hammer, a whip, etc.
(n.) A pole, especially a Maypole.
(n.) The body of a column; the cylindrical pillar between the capital and base (see Illust. of Column). Also, the part of a chimney above the roof. Also, the spire of a steeple.
(n.) A column, an obelisk, or other spire-shaped or columnar monument.
(n.) A rod at the end of a heddle.
(n.) A solid or hollow cylinder or bar, having one or more journals on which it rests and revolves, and intended to carry one or more wheels or other revolving parts and to transmit power or motion; as, the shaft of a steam engine.
(n.) A humming bird (Thaumastura cora) having two of the tail feathers next to the middle ones very long in the male; -- called also cora humming bird.
(n.) A well-like excavation in the earth, perpendicular or nearly so, made for reaching and raising ore, for raising water, etc.
(n.) A long passage for the admission or outlet of air; an air shaft.
(n.) The chamber of a blast furnace.
Example Sentences:
(1) By means of computed tomography (CT) values related to bone density and mass were assessed in the femoral head, neck, trochanter, shaft, and condyles.
(2) In contrast, the ryanodine receptor is observed in dendritic shafts, but not in the spines.
(3) Five cases of mycetoma of bone involving patella, shaft of tibia, medial malleolus, calcaneum and phalanx of great toe are presented.
(4) Since 1984, 16 children (mean age 10.3 years) have had stabilization of their femoral shaft fractures by external fixation (Monofixateur) in the Trauma Department of the Hannover Medical School.
(5) The fractures were localized as follows: 7 in the proximal, 7 in the middle, 1 in the distal third of the shaft, 5 subtrochanteric, 1 supracondylar.
(6) Normal neck-shaft angle accounted to 53.1% in the traction group.
(7) Operative treatment was used 22 times (5 sesamoid fractures, 5 midtibial fractures, 5 metatarsal V base fractures, 3 tarsal navicular fractures, 3 olecranon fractures, and 1 proximal tibial shaft fracture).
(8) Twenty-five patients with aseptic nonunion of the humeral shaft, treated by a combined therapeutic procedure, are reported.
(9) The tanycyte shafts extended from the floor of the fourth ventricle into the bundle, and often ran the entire length of the bundle, where they intertwined themselves among neurons and dendrites of the medullary raphe nuclei.
(10) We successfully applied it in the treatment of eight fractures of the shafts of the femur or tibia which would not unite because of infection, soft tissue interposition or gross incongruity of fragments.
(11) The tibial shafts of OVX rats compared to SHAM controls showed elevated periosteal mineral apposition rate and endocortical bone formation parameters.
(12) Mid-shaft sections of 100% silicone (Bardex) and hydrogel-coated latex (Biocath) catheters were subjected to controlled in vitro encrustation conditions for periods of up to 18 weeks.
(13) The filaments are tightly joined together along their shafts for about 30 nm but they separate at both ends for about 10 nm before contacting the external surface of the plasma membrane.
(14) In the original exchange, Scudamore warned Nick West, a City lawyer who works with the Premier League on broadcasting deals, to keep a female colleague they nicknamed Edna “off your shaft”.
(15) The sequential examination of the hair shaft allows an assessment of the chloroquine amount taken over time, the individual dosage, the initiation and termination of therapy.
(16) The long axis of the femoral shaft was, however, not shown to be a source of substantial error.
(17) In the good old days the judges looked the other way when radicals were shafted, shocking bail conditions imposed and foreigners unceremoniously thrown out.
(18) We therefore performed an investigation to find whether application of bone cement to the femur caused histamine release in elective hip surgery, and, independently of this, also investigated whether premedication with H1- + H2-antagonists had any effect on the cardiovascular reactions due to bone cement implantation into the femoral shaft in elderly patients with hip fracture.
(19) Of the 21 cement-free shaft implantations, 3 had to be replaced, the average age of these patients being 42.9 years.
(20) As compared to the mean values of normal gravity controls, centrifuged dogs showed no differences in femur length; cross-sectional area, outer and inner radii at mid-shaft of the femur; dry weights of the biceps femoris, quadriceps femoris, and gastrocnemius muscles.
Ventilation
Definition:
(n.) The act of ventilating, or the state of being ventilated; the art or process of replacing foul air by that which is pure, in any inclosed place, as a house, a church, a mine, etc.; free exposure to air.
(n.) The act of refrigerating, or cooling; refrigeration; as, ventilation of the blood.
(n.) The act of fanning, or winnowing, for the purpose of separating chaff and dust from the grain.
(n.) The act of sifting, and bringing out to view or examination; free discussion; public exposure.
(n.) The act of giving vent or expression.
Example Sentences:
(1) Heart rate (HR), pulmonary ventilation (V), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured.
(2) We studied the hemodynamic changes caused by bronchoscopy under LA in mechanically ventilated patients and the effect of LA on the endoscopic decline in arterial pO2.
(3) They are best explained by interactions between central sympathetic activity, brainstem control of respiration and vasomotor activity, reflexes arising from around and within the respiratory tract, and the matching of ventilation to perfusion in the lungs.
(4) This study compares anaesthesia with controlled ventilation of the lungs with atracurium and alfentanil analgesia with halothane anaesthesia.
(5) In some experiments heart rate and minute ventilation (central vactors) appear to be the dominant cues for rated perceived exertion, while in others, local factors such as blood lactate concentration and muscular discomfort seem to be the prominent cues.
(6) We found that, compared to one- and two-dose infants, those treated with three doses of Exosurf were more premature, smaller, required a longer ventilator course, and had more frequent complications, including patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), intraventricular hemorrhage, nosocomial pneumonia, and apnea.
(7) Mechanical ventilation was soon instituted and several antibiotics and acyclovir were administered intravenously, with marked effects.
(8) Anaesthesia was maintained with artificial ventilation and alcuronium, or spontaneous ventilation with halothane.
(9) The patient and ventilator work ratios, and the work of breathing quantify factors which may be directly useful to the clinician and to future systems to automate weaning.
(10) Ten patients received intercostal nerve blockade on a total of 29 occasions in order to provide analgesia following liver transplantation and to facilitate weaning from artificial ventilation of the lungs.
(11) Ventilation-perfusion lung scans and contrast ascending venography were performed on the sixth to eighth postoperative days.
(12) The rabbits were either breathing spontaneously or were ventilated by a phrenic nerve-controlled servorespirator without the use of muscle relaxants.
(13) Although hypothyroidism is not a common cause of ventilator dependency, it might be more common than we think.
(14) In 8 animals, blood flow was measured during control and sequentially 1, 2, and 3 min after ventilation was stopped.
(15) HFV was delivered at frequencies (f) of 3, 6, and 9 Hz with a ventilator that generated known tidal volumes (VT) independent of respiratory system impedance.
(16) Since the early 1960's nasotracheal tubes have been used for neonates with primary respiratory diseases which necessitated positive pressure ventilation.
(17) Although the level of ventilation is maintained constant during eating and drinking, the pattern of breathing becomes increasingly irregular.
(18) A facility for keeping chickens free of Marek's disease (MD) was obtained by adopting a system of filtered air under positive pressure (FAPP) for ventilation, and by imposing restrictions on entrance of articles, materials and personnel.
(19) No change in breathing frequency, minute ventilation, and pulmonary gas exchange was observed.
(20) During the weaning period after 18 h of mechanical ventilation following open-heart surgery, central haemodynamics, systemic oxygen transport and total oxygen consumption were assessed in a total of 11 patients receiving continuous positive pressure ventilation.