(v. i. & auxiliary.) To owe; to be under obligation for.
(v. i. & auxiliary.) To be obliged; must.
(v. i. & auxiliary.) As an auxiliary, shall indicates a duty or necessity whose obligation is derived from the person speaking; as, you shall go; he shall go; that is, I order or promise your going. It thus ordinarily expresses, in the second and third persons, a command, a threat, or a promise. If the auxillary be emphasized, the command is made more imperative, the promise or that more positive and sure. It is also employed in the language of prophecy; as, "the day shall come when . . . , " since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy nearly coincide in significance. In shall with the first person, the necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere than in the speaker; as, I shall suffer; we shall see; and there is always a less distinct and positive assertion of his volition than is indicated by will. "I shall go" implies nearly a simple futurity; more exactly, a foretelling or an expectation of my going, in which, naturally enough, a certain degree of plan or intention may be included; emphasize the shall, and the event is described as certain to occur, and the expression approximates in meaning to our emphatic "I will go." In a question, the relation of speaker and source of obligation is of course transferred to the person addressed; as, "Shall you go?" (answer, "I shall go"); "Shall he go?" i. e., "Do you require or promise his going?" (answer, "He shall go".) The same relation is transferred to either second or third person in such phrases as "You say, or think, you shall go;" "He says, or thinks, he shall go." After a conditional conjunction (as if, whether) shall is used in all persons to express futurity simply; as, if I, you, or he shall say they are right. Should is everywhere used in the same connection and the same senses as shall, as its imperfect. It also expresses duty or moral obligation; as, he should do it whether he will or not. In the early English, and hence in our English Bible, shall is the auxiliary mainly used, in all the persons, to express simple futurity. (Cf. Will, v. t.) Shall may be used elliptically; thus, with an adverb or other word expressive of motion go may be omitted.
Example Sentences:
(1) Before leaving New York on Wednesday, Charlie Chaplin said: “I shall probably be away for six months, but no more, for I have definite plans for my next film.
(2) According to the quantitative analysis between threshold titers of skin test and RAST titers using house dust and HD mites allergens, specific IgE production shall be decreased in the patients over 40 years old.
(3) We shall not decide the future of Britain's relationship with the EU.
(4) A survey shall be given on the physiological, pathophysiological and pharmacotherapeutic backgrounds of the biogenic amine 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin; 5HT), to be preceded by a few historical remarks.
(5) His line on white privilege is ace: “There ain’t a white man in this room that would change places with me,” he says on his DVD Bigger & Blacker , then adds gleefully, “And I’m rich!” He makes lots of films, too, but as is often the way with comedians, those are, shall we say, less gilded affairs.
(6) It is hoped that further biochemical studies shall confirm these groupings at a more fundamental level and eventually a system recognising the double-stranded RNA gene product relationships shall evolve.
(7) There may be cases in which youngsters have travelled overseas perhaps out of curiosity or with an interest but upon arriving shall we say in Turkey, through which a lot of these people are staged, get cold feet and decide they don’t want to pursue that objective.
(8) Within the scope of this paper I shall also attempt a brief description of the focal problems, examined, their operationalization in research methods, expected results, and a preliminary discussion of three demonstrative cases.
(9) In order to study the possible role of fibroblastic biological changes in periodontal disease, later on we shall compare the characteristics of normal fibroblast to those of fibroblast taken in periodontal disease.
(10) OK, I have a long experience in football but there are players who don’t have the [same] experience, so it shall have an influence.
(11) So a striker needs also a bit of luck and then the confidence is higher but he’s self-confident so I expect he shall score and maybe against Chelsea .” So far Van Persie has remained injury free, which is a fillip after previously admitting to managing persistent issues for years.
(12) In a 1958 debate on marriage, Robert Menzies himself that declared that the issue “closely touches the individual conscience of members”, adding that “though it will be a government measure, it shall not be treated as a party measure”.
(13) The surgical treatment of the chronic pancreatitis shall concerning indication to operation, tactics and kind of intervention always take into consideration an existing abuse of alcohol.
(14) Agreement on Japan, 11 February The leaders of the three great powers – the Soviet Union, UK and US – have agreed that after the war in Europe is terminated, the Soviet Union shall enter into war against Japan on the side of the allies on condition that: The status quo in Outer Mongolia shall be preserved.
(15) All rights reserved 'From Malta to Yalta': leaders in high spirits 1 January 1945 Prime minister to president and top secret We shall be delighted if you will come to Malta.
(16) Qualifying for insurance benefits requires that this activity shall have been finally given up and that the same or other hazardous activities are avoided in the future.
(17) So I shall break my cover and, for the first time ever, reveal this top secret dossier: “Welcome to Britain, Visitor!
(18) "I do not decide that skirts shall be short or long.
(19) We shall continue our measurements, particularly those of activity in persons, and doubtless we shall refine our estimates of collective dose, but they are unlikely to change significantly.
(20) More specifically I shall discuss how the distribution of the control of fluxes, concentrations and potentials, among the various enzymes (catalysts) in these systems has been measured and how this distribution can be understood in terms of the enzyme properties.
Small
Definition:
(superl.) Having little size, compared with other things of the same kind; little in quantity or degree; diminutive; not large or extended in dimension; not great; not much; inconsiderable; as, a small man; a small river.
(superl.) Being of slight consequence; feeble in influence or importance; unimportant; trivial; insignificant; as, a small fault; a small business.
(superl.) Envincing little worth or ability; not large-minded; -- sometimes, in reproach, paltry; mean.
(superl.) Not prolonged in duration; not extended in time; short; as, after a small space.
(superl.) Weak; slender; fine; gentle; soft; not loud.
(adv.) In or to small extent, quantity, or degree; little; slightly.
(adv.) Not loudly; faintly; timidly.
(n.) The small or slender part of a thing; as, the small of the leg or of the back.
(n.) Smallclothes.
(n.) Same as Little go. See under Little, a.
(v. t.) To make little or less.
Example Sentences:
(1) The effect of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on growth of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines was studied.
(2) Such a signal must be due to a small ferromagnetic crystal formed when the nerve is subjected to pressure, such as that due to mechanical injury.
(3) The Na+ ionophore, gramicidin, had a small but significant inhibitory effect on Na(+)-dependent KG uptake, demonstrating that KG uptake was not the result of an intravesicular positive Na+ diffusion potential.
(4) For some time now, public opinion polls have revealed Americans' strong preference to live in comparatively small cities, towns, and rural areas rather than in large cities.
(5) The predicted non-Lorentzian line shapes and widths were found to be in good agreement with experimental results, indicating that the local orientational order (called "packing" by many workers) in the bilayers of small vesicles and in multilamellar membranes is substantially the same.
(6) If Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough, who bought the island in 1738, were to return today he would doubtless recognise the scene, though he might be surprised that his small private buildings have grown into a sizable hotel.
(7) We conclude that chronic emphysema produced in dogs by aerosol administration of papain results in elevated pulmonary artery pressure, which is characterized pathologically by medial hypertrophy of small pulmonary arteries.
(8) As the percentage of rabbit feed is very small compared to the bulk of animal feeds, there is a fair chance that rabbit feed will be contaminated with constituents (additives) of batches previously prepared for other animals.
(9) The extent of the infectious process was limited, however, because the life span of the cultures was not significantly shortened, the yields of infectious virus per immunofluorescent cell were at all times low, and most infected cells contained only a few well-delineated small masses of antigen, suggestive of an abortive infection.
(10) The small units described here could be inhibitory interneurons which convert the excitatory response of large units into inhibition.
(11) Early stabilisation may not ensure normal development but even early splinting carries a small risk of avascular necrosis.
(12) Twenty patients with non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma were prospectively studied for intrathoracic lymphadenopathy using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
(13) In addition, KM231 could detect a small amount of the antigen ganglioside in human gastric normal and cancerous mucosa and in gastric cancer cell lines by HPTLC-immunostaining.
(14) Two small populations of GLY + neurons were observed outside of the named nuclei of the SOC; one was located dorsal to the LSO, near its dorsal hilus, and the other was identified near the medial pole of the LSO.
(15) Because of the small number of patients reported in the world literature and lack of controlled studies, the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the larynx remains controversial; this retrospective analysis suggests that combination chemotherapy plus radiation offers the best chance for cure.
(16) Only small amounts of 3H oleic acid were converted.
(17) The pH gradient measured with dimethyloxazolidine-2,4-dione and acetylsalicylic acid was very small in both bacteria at a high pH above 8, and was not affected significantly by the addition of CCCP.
(18) The results also indicate that small lesions initially noted only on CT scans of the chest in children with Wilms' tumor frequently represent metastatic tumor.
(19) CT scan revealed a small calcified mass in the right maxillary sinus.
(20) We have previously shown that intratracheally instilled silica (quartz) produces both morphologic evidence of emphysema and small-airway changes, and functional evidence of airflow obstruction.