(n.) That which deceives expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that deludes and disappoint; a make-believe; delusion; imposture, humbug.
(n.) A false front, or removable ornamental covering.
(a.) False; counterfeit; pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a sham fight.
(v. t.) To trick; to cheat; to deceive or delude with false pretenses.
(v. t.) To obtrude by fraud or imposition.
(v. t.) To assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape; to feign.
(v. i.) To make false pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.
Example Sentences:
(1) The results indicated that smoke, as opposed to sham puffs, significantly reduced reports of cigarette craving, and local anesthesia significantly blocked this immediate reduction in craving produced by smoke inhalation.
(2) Five days later, the animals were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: Group 1 received intracranial implantation of controlled-release polymers containing dexamethasone; Group 2 received intraperitoneal implantation of controlled-release polymers containing dexamethasone; Group 3 received serial intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone; and Group 4 received sham treatment.
(3) In contrast sham-hemodialysis in group CA and group PS, respectively, did not result in significant increases in amino acid efflux from the leg implying that the protein catabolic effect of blood membrane contact depends on the chemical properties of dialysis membranes.
(4) Meanwhile Ed Miliband, the Labour leader, waiting anxiously for news of the scale of the Labour advance in his first nationwide electoral test, will urge the electorate not to be duped by the promise of a coalition mark 2, predicting sham concessions by the Conservatives .
(5) The plasma renin activity of the 1 day post-stenosis rats showed 65% higher activity than the sham controls with no significant change in the 30-60 days post-stenosis.
(6) The results indicate that, regardless of the photoperiod, no clear functional relationship can be found between the avian pineal gland and thyroid function, although a transitory increase in T4 levels was seen in both pinealectomized and sham-operated birds shortly after the operations.
(7) The amounts of erythropoietin produced in animals subjected to hepatectomy are significantly higher than those observed in sham-operated animals.
(8) However, stimulation of the release of NTLI by intraduodenal administration of oleic acid (0.2 ml) resulted in significantly higher p-NTLI levels in the nephrectomized rats than in the sham operated rats.
(9) Three groups of male rats received lesions of AP and another 3 groups received sham lesion.
(10) Pretreatment with CV6209 had no significant influence on these parameters in sham-operated animals.
(11) We found that kidney extracts from 6 h and 24 h uninephrectomized rats increased [3H]thymidine incorporation into tubular cell DNA, dose-dependently, compared to those from sham-operated rats.
(12) The sizes of adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (N) cells in the adrenal medulla of nonoperated (NO), sham-operated (SPX), and pinealectomized (PX) male rats (n = 126) were investigated by quantitative light microscopy.
(13) The concentrations and total content of the nicotinamide nucleotides were measured in the livers of rats at various times after partial hepatectomy and laparotomy (sham hepatectomy) and correlated with other events in the regeneration process.
(14) The volume densities of the differing strial components from steroid-administered animals were determined to approximate those of sham-adrenalectomized animals in general.
(15) With five daily 1-hr occlusions of the hepatic artery, rats benefited from significantly reduced tumor growth rates compared with controls that underwent sham operation (P less than 0.05).
(16) In the dynamic phase the weight of interscapular brown adipose tissue was significantly increased in the VMH-lesioned rats, but the specific GDP binding was depressed both in the morning and afternoon when compared with either the sham-operated or PVN-lesioned groups.
(17) There were no changes in the joints which had sham operations.
(18) In contrast, in Px-SUC both masses were comparable to the sham groups.
(19) Only at 3 days did total plasma volume of SAD rats show a modest reduction of about 16% (P less than 0.05 vs. sham-operated plus unoperated controls).
(20) The binding of 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) was compared in acini isolated from the regenerating remnant following 90% partial pancreatectomy (ppx) and from the pancreas of sham-pancreatectomized (sham-ppx) rats.
Slam
Definition:
(v. t.) To shut with force and a loud noise; to bang; as, he slammed the door.
(v. t.) To put in or on some place with force and loud noise; -- usually with down; as, to slam a trunk down on the pavement.
(v. t.) To strike with some implement with force; hence, to beat or cuff.
(v. t.) To strike down; to slaughter.
(v. t.) To defeat (opponents at cards) by winning all the tricks of a deal or a hand.
(v. i.) To come or swing against something, or to shut, with sudden force so as to produce a shock and noise; as, a door or shutter slams.
(n.) The act of one who, or that which, slams.
(n.) The shock and noise produced in slamming.
(n.) Winning all the tricks of a deal.
(n.) The refuse of alum works.
Example Sentences:
(1) To selectively stain polyanionic macromolecules of growth plate cartilage and to prevent artifacts induced by aqueous fixation, proximal tibial growth plates were excised from rats, slam-frozen, and freeze-substituted in 100% methanol containing the cationic dye Alcian blue.
(2) "More than most British players, I have been asked about it many times when I got close to winning grand slams before.
(3) At that point I was grabbed by the Belgian secret service and slammed against the glass.
(4) When he first became president, Republicans slammed him for being a socialist – an epithet, from their lips, of the worst kind.
(5) Seeb slams a copy of their licence application on the table – it's well over an inch thick.
(6) They've all had the courthouse doors slammed shut in the faces by courts that have accepted the US government's claims that its own secrecy powers and immunity rights bar any such justice.
(7) After a dramatic pause that would have done Harold Pinter proud, Andy Murray has appointed Ivan Lendl as his coach, a move he hopes will bring him his first grand slam victory in the Australian Open, which starts on 16 January.
(8) I’ve lost slam finals and stuff, which has been very tough.
(9) There are going to be downs and I'll lose close matches, but I hope I'll be in a position to play for grand slams in the future.
(10) The chancellor stressed that Britain’s relationship with the EU would remain unchanged for the time being – and ditched the idea, launched alongside his predecessor Alistair Darling during the campaign – that an emergency budget would be necessary within weeks, as Brexit slams the brakes on the economy.
(11) Six systems for defining and evaluating disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (the Ropes system, the National Institutes of Health [NIH] system, the New York Hospital for Special Surgery system, the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group [BILAG] scale, the University of Toronto SLE Disease Activity Index [SLE-DAI], and the Systemic Lupus Activity Measure [SLAM]) were tested on 25 SLE patients who were selected to represent a range of disease activity.
(12) Given the paucity of British talent in the sport over recent decades, it is a tribute to Murray's remarkable consistency that in his last eight grand slam tournaments, he has reached three finals, four semi-finals and a quarter-final – not to mention overcoming Federer on Wimbledon's Centre Court to win a gold medal at the Olympics.
(13) Andy McDonald, the shadow transport secretary, said: “In opposition the Tories slammed the closure of lines over Christmas for engineering works, but now they’re in a position to do something about it they don’t seem to care.
(14) She has also slammed the “illogical and outright offensive” language used by those against same-sex marriage.
(15) The grand slam champions so far this year are myself and Li Na [in the Australian Open],” she said.
(16) People tend to forget he is playing in an era with 3 players who are likely to be remembered as three of the all-time greatest, so the fact that he is managing to win slams is fairly amazing, and something that won’t be properly appreciated until he retires.
(17) ‘Dysfunctional’ ABC management slammed Trevor Bormann, last year’s Walkley winner for Foreign Correspondent’s “Prisoner X” scoop, has dumped a bucket on ABC news management on the way out the door.
(18) This week people around the internet have taken to photoshopping WWE wrestler Randy Orton’s famous head slam move on to videos of people falling over.
(19) In fact, the whole thing could have been worse had it not been for Carlos Beltran stealing a grand slam away from David Ortiz in the second inning.
(20) Following narrow defeat at the All England Club, Murray provided a glorious coda in the early hours of Tuesday morning with a US Open victory in his fifth grand slam final.