(n.) That which deceives expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that deludes and disappoint; a make-believe; delusion; imposture, humbug.
(n.) A false front, or removable ornamental covering.
(a.) False; counterfeit; pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a sham fight.
(v. t.) To trick; to cheat; to deceive or delude with false pretenses.
(v. t.) To obtrude by fraud or imposition.
(v. t.) To assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape; to feign.
(v. i.) To make false pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.
Example Sentences:
(1) The results indicated that smoke, as opposed to sham puffs, significantly reduced reports of cigarette craving, and local anesthesia significantly blocked this immediate reduction in craving produced by smoke inhalation.
(2) Five days later, the animals were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: Group 1 received intracranial implantation of controlled-release polymers containing dexamethasone; Group 2 received intraperitoneal implantation of controlled-release polymers containing dexamethasone; Group 3 received serial intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone; and Group 4 received sham treatment.
(3) In contrast sham-hemodialysis in group CA and group PS, respectively, did not result in significant increases in amino acid efflux from the leg implying that the protein catabolic effect of blood membrane contact depends on the chemical properties of dialysis membranes.
(4) Meanwhile Ed Miliband, the Labour leader, waiting anxiously for news of the scale of the Labour advance in his first nationwide electoral test, will urge the electorate not to be duped by the promise of a coalition mark 2, predicting sham concessions by the Conservatives .
(5) The plasma renin activity of the 1 day post-stenosis rats showed 65% higher activity than the sham controls with no significant change in the 30-60 days post-stenosis.
(6) The results indicate that, regardless of the photoperiod, no clear functional relationship can be found between the avian pineal gland and thyroid function, although a transitory increase in T4 levels was seen in both pinealectomized and sham-operated birds shortly after the operations.
(7) The amounts of erythropoietin produced in animals subjected to hepatectomy are significantly higher than those observed in sham-operated animals.
(8) However, stimulation of the release of NTLI by intraduodenal administration of oleic acid (0.2 ml) resulted in significantly higher p-NTLI levels in the nephrectomized rats than in the sham operated rats.
(9) Three groups of male rats received lesions of AP and another 3 groups received sham lesion.
(10) Pretreatment with CV6209 had no significant influence on these parameters in sham-operated animals.
(11) We found that kidney extracts from 6 h and 24 h uninephrectomized rats increased [3H]thymidine incorporation into tubular cell DNA, dose-dependently, compared to those from sham-operated rats.
(12) The sizes of adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (N) cells in the adrenal medulla of nonoperated (NO), sham-operated (SPX), and pinealectomized (PX) male rats (n = 126) were investigated by quantitative light microscopy.
(13) The concentrations and total content of the nicotinamide nucleotides were measured in the livers of rats at various times after partial hepatectomy and laparotomy (sham hepatectomy) and correlated with other events in the regeneration process.
(14) The volume densities of the differing strial components from steroid-administered animals were determined to approximate those of sham-adrenalectomized animals in general.
(15) With five daily 1-hr occlusions of the hepatic artery, rats benefited from significantly reduced tumor growth rates compared with controls that underwent sham operation (P less than 0.05).
(16) In the dynamic phase the weight of interscapular brown adipose tissue was significantly increased in the VMH-lesioned rats, but the specific GDP binding was depressed both in the morning and afternoon when compared with either the sham-operated or PVN-lesioned groups.
(17) There were no changes in the joints which had sham operations.
(18) In contrast, in Px-SUC both masses were comparable to the sham groups.
(19) Only at 3 days did total plasma volume of SAD rats show a modest reduction of about 16% (P less than 0.05 vs. sham-operated plus unoperated controls).
(20) The binding of 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) was compared in acini isolated from the regenerating remnant following 90% partial pancreatectomy (ppx) and from the pancreas of sham-pancreatectomized (sham-ppx) rats.
Wham
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) Then wham, the sudden terrors again, about nothing in particular.
(2) I remember her sunbathing on the college roof, listening to Wham!, reading difficult philosophy and explaining it to us really simply.” But, she recalled, Kendall had a real passion for social justice and Neil Kinnock’s 1992 general election defeat devastated her.
(3) "It was like somebody went wham and slapped my whole body from front and back," he said.
(4) Photograph: BBC George Michael on the cover of Wham!’s Last Christmas ... George Michael singing Last Christmas Cabin Pressure Benedict Cumberbatch , likely to be an Oscar nominee in January, can do anything he wants on screen or stage at the moment, so it’s impressive and touching that he has been able to find time to join Roger Allam and Stephanie Cole for the final flight – in two parts, with a day’s stopover in between – of John Finnemore’s comedy about a single-plane charter airline.
(5) George Michael , 51, grew up in London and in the early 1980s formed the band Wham!
(6) Scots wha hae wi’ Wallace bled, Scots wham Bruce has aften led, Welcome tae your gory bed, Or tae victorie.
(7) Part of the problem was that she and Watt stood for a political sensibility that had made sense in the early post-punk 80s, but was rapidly becoming anachronistic as the decade evolved away from the Jam towards Wham!
(8) And suddenly it was, wham, and I was right back in junior high."
(9) The mutant, called WHAM (Wisconsin hypo-alpha mutant), has a 70-90% reduction in plasma HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) concentrations.
(10) Hemsworth has since turned out to be a no-brainer for studios, a killer combo of pecs and presence, although his incredibly charismatic turn as James Hunt in Rush proves that there's a whole lot more to him than wham-bam blockbusters.
(11) Eric Stoltz shot it for six weeks and then they hired me, wham bam, I was in the parking lot where they filmed the scene with the DeLorean and it was really last minute and it was cold and if it hadn't been I wouldn't have worn that vest.
(12) Control chickens maintained on a high-cholesterol diet for 28 weeks experienced a 2.4-fold rise in the plasma very low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, while the same diet induced a 3.7-fold rise in the low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration in WHAM chickens.
(13) The McDonald’s in the main square blares out Wham’s Last Christmas, the dress code is relaxed.
(14) When, in Jerusalem, slaughterman Davey Dean boasts of the 200 cows he kills in a morning – "Wham!
(15) At the end of the 3-year period, the area and thickness of the spontaneous aortic lesions in control and WHAM chickens were not significantly different.
(16) About 25% of them were queuing up for help and feeling better, when wham!
(17) It is where stars of the 1980s, such as members of Wham!, Duran Duran and Culture Club, recorded the original track.
(18) To assess the effect of HDL deficiency on spontaneous atherosclerosis, a separate group of control and WHAM chickens was maintained on a low-fat, cholesterol-free diet for 3 years.
(19) The whole wham bam thank you ma’am of the porn industry doesn’t cater for the women and men who want more than lips, tits and moaning,” 27-year-old Olivia Hare told me.
(20) "You've just got to compare Morrissey's lyrics with Wham!